A. S. Lima

Comportamentos de coping no contexto da hospitalização infantil

Child hospitalization needs to cope with the stressors that cause anxiety and suffering. Aiming at describing the coping behaviors of hospitalized children and their relationships to age, sex and the reason for hospitalization, 148 responses of children aged 6-12 were analyzed (M = 9.5 years old) to the Coping with Hospitalization Scale, from an integrated database. The results were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. Taking some medicine, talking, watching television, praying and playing were the most referred to behaviors. There was a correlation between the coping behaviors and the differences caused by the hospitalization reason. Girls tend to sing more, and demonstrated more crying, sorrow and fear than boys. There were no differences as to age, but persuasion behavior decreases in older children. We suggest that sex, hospitalization reason and age have to be considered in interventions on coping with hospitalization.

Enfrentamento em crianças portuguesas hospitalizadas por câncer: comparação de dois instrumentos de avaliação

Conditions associated with hospitalization and treatment of children with cancer have been identified as sources of stress, thus the relevance of studying the coping strategies spontaneously used by these children. The present study aimed to compare two methods for evaluating coping in the context of pediatric hospitalization. A total of 19 children

Pinus halepensis, Pinus pinaster, Pinus pinea and Pinus sylvestris Essential Oils Chemotypes and Monoterpene Hydrocarbon Enantiomers, before and after Inoculation with the Pinewood Nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus

Pinewood nematode (PWN), Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, is the causal agent of pine wilt disease, a serious threat to global forest populations of conifers, especially Pinus spp. A time‐course study of the essential oils (EOs) of 2‐year‐old Pinus halepensis, Pinus pinaster, Pinus pinea and Pinus sylvestris following inoculation with the PWN was performed. The constitutive and nematode inoculation induced EOs components were analyzed at both the wounding or inoculation areas and at the whole plant level. The enantiomeric ratio of optically active main EOs components was also evaluated. External symptoms of infection were observed only in P. pinaster and P. sylvestris 21 and 15 days after inoculation, respectively. The EO composition analysis of uninoculated and unwounded plants revealed the occurrence of chemotypes for P. pinaster, P. halepensis and P. sylvestris, whereas P. pinea showed a homogenous EO composition. When whole plants were evaluated for EO and monoterpene hydrocarbon enantiomeric chemical composition, no relevant qualitative and quantitative differences were found. Instead, EO analysis of inoculated and uninoculated wounded areas revealed an increase of sesquiterpenes and diterpenic compounds, especially in P. pinea and P. halepensis, comparatively to healthy whole plants EOs.