A. Straszak

Application of Fuzzy Decision-Making Models for Determining Optimal Policies in “Stable” Integrated Regional Development

Determination of optimal policies in “stable” integrated regional development is considered. “Stability” is meant as a limitation of variability of crucial life quality indicators. Fuzzy decisionmaking models are applied. Fuzzy constraints are imposed on investments. Fuzzy goals concern satisfaction due to the quality of life attained. Fuzzy decision is the intersection of fuzzy constraints and fuzzy goals. The cases of finite and infinite planning horizon are discussed.

Computer-assisted constrained approval voting

Approval voting, proposed independently by several analysts in the 1970s, is a voting system in which voters can vote for as many candidates as they like in multicandidate elections. Recently, S.J. Brams modified this system, introducing so-called constrained approval voting. It is designed for a professional association to ensure equitable representation of different interests. In his new system approval voting is combined with the constraints on the number of persons that can be elected from different categories of members. In the present paper the problem of constrained approval voting is formulated (following the work of R.F. Potthoff) as an integer programming problem. Some computational aspects of this problem are discussed. The paper presents a numerical example illustrating a possibility to apply the discussed voting procedure in the election of members of the Committee for Organization and Management Sciences of the Polish Academy of Sciences.

Systems Issues Analysis Framework for International Conflict Resolution Technology

Abstract The paper presents a discussion of methodological problems related to the systems analysis of the peace process and international conflict resolution technology. The main thesis is that while international stability has not been yet prepared for the complete applied systems analysis, this field would gain even from methodological reflections based on simplified systems analysis.

Agricultural Policy-Making for Integrated Regional Development in a Mixed Economy through a Large-Scale LP Model

Abstract In order to find comprehensive and integrating solutions to regional development problems one must take into account technological, political, economic, social, and environmental factors, i.e., to apply the integrated regional development approach. This is of particular importance for regional agricultural systems in mixed economies (state, cooperative, and private land property) where sociopolitical factors play a considerable role. The large-scale LP model elaborated is meant for policy analysis and policy-making in such circumstances. Policy is understood in terms of the model as a set of values of resource constraints subject to short and medium term regional allocation optimization. The model determines: agricultural production specialization structure (crop and livestock), commodity and financial flows, agricultural exports and imports, etc., in given natural conditions, i.e., soil qualities, types of property, production technologies, prices, available resources (water, fertilizers, manpower, financial funds, etc.). The paper presents the purpose, structure, and formulation of the model and implementation results for an agricultural region in Poland, currently under a development program.

Two-Level Control in a National Economy System

Abstract In the paper a model of an economy system in which a center influences the behavior of enterprises is formulated. The inconsistency of interests among decision makers and the nonsymetry of their roles are taken into account. In order to influence firms the center uses a tax system which allows negotiations with groups of firms on reduced rate taxes. The situation is modelled as a dynamic game in which the possibility of making a center-firm agreement is incorporated. Such an agreement is not absolutely binding and therefore the center prevents its violation by the threat of using a retaliation (memory) tax strategy. The way of reaching a lasting cooperative agreement under such circumstances is discussed.

Microcomputer Simulation of the Dynamic Behavior of the Economic Regulators for Polish Economy

Abstract One of the main roles of tax regulations is to influence the behavior of economic agents. The paper discusses an approach to the investigation of effects of the introduction of a new set of tax regulators in an economy. Its main idea consists in taking into account the multi-actor, multi-objective aspects of the economic game, and in using a specially designed computer system called ANAGRAF. The paper contains an outline of the model of an economy system, short description of the main features of the ANAGRAF system, description of the idea of the newly introduced in Poland tax regulations, and examples of the results of simulations of the economy systems dynamic behavior, which illustrate the possibilities the presented approach offers.

A method of computer-aided analysis and design of large scale management information systems

ABSTRACT The paper presents a method of computer-aided analysis and design of large-scale management information system. A hypothetical mathematical model of a management system and an approach to analysis, diagnosis and synthesis of a management information system are discussed. This method may be used for the analysis and improvement of already existing systems as well as for the investigations of designed systems. Some algorithms for the detection of system symptoms deficiencies and results of the practical implementation of the discussed method are also mentioned.

MICROCOMPUTER SIMULATION OF THE DYNAMIC BEHAVIOR OF THE ECONOMIC REGULATORS FOR POLISH ECONOMY

One of the main roles of tax regulations is to influence the behavior of economic agents. The paper discusses an approach to the investigation of effects of the introduction of a new set of tax regulators in an economy. Its main idea consists in taking into account the multi-actor, multi-objective aspects of the economic game, and in using a specially designed computer system called ANAGRAF. The paper contains an outline of the model of an economy system, short description of the main features of the ANAGRAF system, description of the idea of the newly introduced in Poland tax regulations, and examples of the results of simulations of the economy systems dynamic behavior, which illustrate the possibilities the presented approach offers.

Imbedding Perceptions of Regional Problems in the Integrated Modelling Framework

Abstract The paper reviews a number of important regional and/ or program - oriented modelling activities and approaches utilized therein, related to large-scale development programs or other development situations The difference among the modelling approaches shown and their main features are explained through diverse perceptions of the nature of given development situation/sources of the problem, solution capacities, purposes and main issues and upon the modelling vs. economy philosophies adopted The cases considered include the Tennessee Valley Authority in the U.S., the Bratsk-Ilimsk Territorial Production Complex in the U.S.S.R., the Shinkansen high-speed railway system, the Kinki region in Japan, the Silistra regional program in Bulgaria and the Upper Notec watershed region in Poland

Systems Integrated Organized Technology Approach in the Polish Coal Mining Industry

Abstract Continuous development of the coal mining technology and widespread application of computers for control as well as for management purposes leads up to the design of larger and larger collieries /now over 18.000 ton/day output/. Systems analysis of several different size collieries in the Polish coal mining industry shows that overall efficiency depends on not only the mining and computer hardware and software but also on the specific organizational issues /orgware/. Moreover for large-scale collieries interactions between hard, soft and “org” technologies play more and more important role due to management capabilities and other human factors. Systems Integrated Organized Technology analytical framework for design of the new computerized collieries as well as for improving overall efficiency of existing collieries is presented. Results of the systems analysis of several collieries are included.