Aakanchha Jain

Edible transgenic plant vaccines for different diseases.

Edible plant vaccines are immunogenic preparations containing antigenic proteins rather than pathogens, therefore, they sanctify situation where there is a possibility of resurgence of disease when the antigenic preparation contains the organism in any form whatsoever. Expression of antigens as vaccines and of antibodies against antigens of pathogens in transgenic plants is a convenient and inexpensive source for various bacterial, viral, helminths, protozoan and autoimmune diseases with lower capital costs. This review describes various diseases along with the production of edible transgenic plant vaccines/proteins for the same. Thus, substituting and improvising conventional immunization methods.

Estimation of total phenolic, tannins, and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity of Cedrus deodara heart wood extracts

Purpose The present study was investigated to determine in-vitro antioxidant activity and total phenolic, total flavonoids, and total tannins contents of extracts of Cedrus deodara heart wood. Materials and methods Antioxidant activity of aqueous and alcoholic extract of C. deodara heart wood was evaluated against 2,2-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), and hydroxyl radical-scavenging activity models. Total flavonoids, tannins, and phenolic content of C. deodara were also determined. Results and conclusion Among both extracts, aqueous extract showed the highest total phenolic contents (23.97 μg/g of gallic acid equivalent/g of extract). In DPPH, superoxide anion, and ABTS scavenging test, the IC 50 (μg/ml) value of aqueous and alcoholic extract was 61.89, 75.79, 87.76, 121.55, 115.29, and 122.42, respectively. Hence, the above evidences suggest that C. deodara heart wood is a potential source of natural antioxidant and can be used to prevent diseases associated with free radicals.