Aarno Pärssinen

Analysis of the measured RHCP and LHCP GNSS signals in multipath environment

The performance evaluation of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) device in 3D laboratory measurement environment is gaining increasing importance. Even though GNSS is a mature technology the 3D channel model to be implemented in laboratory environment does not exist due to the challenges encountered in creating controllable and repeatable multipath conditions. This research work is a first step toward the one solution of these problems. In this paper, the GNSS data set recorded with the polarization based measurement system is analyzed. Both Right Hand Circularly Polarized (RHCP) and Left Hand Circularly Polarized (LHCP) antennas are employed so that direct and reflected signals can be acquired simultaneously. The goal of the study is to investigate the characteristics of polarization based reflections, path length of delayed multipath signal, position error, coverage efficiency (mean number of tracked satellites), and the impact of satellite elevation angle on received Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) for a typical multipath environment. Results show that satellite elevation angle, and multipath propagation affect both the position precision measured by the receiver and SNR. Additionally, presented results will serve as basis for the development of 3D GNSS channel model to work for both static and dynamic environments.

System analysis and design of mmW mobile backhaul transceiver at 28 GHz

In the next generation of mobile network, 5G, mm-wave (mmW) communication is considered one of the main disruptive technologies to increase data rates and improve spectrum efficiency. Wireless backhaul with stationary or moving nodes is one of the best candidate use-cases. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis on the architecture and design of mmW transceiver with automatic gain control (AGC) for mobility management. The focus is on the RF component requirements, especially, power amplifiers, low-noise amplifier and antennas as well as on their impact on the link-budget. Results are provided based on real figures of commercial components.

A 10-bit active RF phase shifter for 5G wireless systems

This paper presents an active RF phase shifter with 10 bit control word targeted toward the upcoming 5G wireless systems. The circuit is designed and fabricated using 45 nm CMOS SOI technology. An IQ vector modulator (IQVM) topology is used which provides both amplitude and phase control. The design is programmable with exhaustive digital controls available for parameters like bias voltage, resonance frequency, and gain. The frequency of operation is tunable from 12.5 GHz to 15.7 GHz. The mean angular separation between phase points is 1.5 degree at optimum amplitude levels. The rms phase error over the operating band is as low as 0.8 degree. Active area occupied is 0.18 square millimeter. The total DC power consumed from 1 V supply is 75 mW.

A fully integrated 13 GHz CMOS SOI stacked power amplifier for 5G wireless systems

This paper presents a fully integrated, four stack power amplifier for 5G wireless systems. The frequency of operation is tunable from 12 GHz to 14 GHz, with a maximum 3 dB bandwidth of 1 GHz and a maximum possible gain of 35 dB. The circuit is designed and fabricated using 45 nm CMOS SOI technology. Maximum RF output power, power-added efficiency (PAE) and output 1 dB compression point under maximum bandwidth configuration are 17.7 dBm, 23.2% and 12.3 dBm, respectively, achieved at 13.7 GHz.

Analyzing 5G RF System Performance and Relation to Link Budget for Directive MIMO

Wideband fifth generation systems utilizing high carrier frequency and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) raise major challenges for the system design. Wave propagation and practical hardware tradeoffs at higher frequency ranges provide new boundary conditions for the implementation. This paper addresses system performance boundaries and the analysis method toward multibeam communications at millimeter wave. We combine analysis from antennas and propagation to the radio frequency (RF) transceiver specifications and beamforming requirements. Realistic propagation model and antenna implementation are used to generate beam-specific path gains and provide a wide variety of user scenarios. Using this approach, system level interdependencies and RF performance boundaries can be verified with different antenna configurations in various propagation environments. As an example, we present MIMO link budget analysis targeting 10 Gbits/s for multiple devices in the office scenario at 27 GHz.

RF Driven 5G System Design for Centimeter Waves

5G system design is a complex process due to a great variety of applications and their diverse requirements. This article describes our experiences in developing a centimeter waves mobile broadband concept satisfying future capacity requirements. The first step in the process was the radio channel measurement campaign and statistical modeling. Then the link level design was performed tightly together with the radio frequency (RF) implementation requirements to allow as large scalability of the air interface as possible. We started the concept development at 10 GHz frequency band and during the project World Radiocommunication Conference 2015 selected somewhat higher frequencies as new candidates for 5G. Thus, the main learning was to gain insight of interdependencies of different phenomena and find feasible combinations of techniques and parameter combinations that might actually work in practice, not only in theory.

Development of 5G CHAMPION testbeds for 5G services at the 2018 Winter Olympic Games

This paper describes the first available 5G testbeds as designed by 5G CHAMPION, a collaborative research project undertaken by over twenty consortium members and targeting the provision of 5G services at the 2018 Winter Olympics in Korea. In order to provide 5G services such as augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), high quality, interactive multi-player video games, the testbeds shall fulfill the challenging requirements such as ultra-high data rates, ultra-reliable low latency, and mass connectivity. To meet such requirements, revolutionary testbed architectures are proposed, designed to be flexible, cost- and energy-efficient, through adopting state-of-art multi-radio access technologies (RAT) in client devices and in the network. The testbeds will also provide mmWave wireless backhaul, an interoperable and seamless connection between two different access networks located in Europe and on the site of the Korean Winter Olympic Games.

A 45nm CMOS SOI, four element phased array receiver supporting two MIMO channels for 5G

A four element, two channel Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) phased array receiver at 15 GHz is designed and fabricated in 45nm CMOS SOI process. The receiver consists of two independent four-antenna phasedarrays for hybrid beamforming and MIMO processing in digital domain. Phase and amplitude control is based on RF IQ vector modulator (VM) at carrier frequency. Measured downconversion gain and noise figure (NF) of one path are 23 dB and 5.4dB, respectively, giving estimated 3.4 dB NF for the IC when simulated PCB and matching losses are taken into account. 1 dB compression and IIP3 points are −37 dBm and −28 dBm, respectively. One phased array consumes 486 mW DC power from 1.2V power supply. Total chip area is 5.69 mm2.

Session 24 overview: Wireless receivers and synthesizers

This session describes state-of-the-art wireless receivers and synthesizers, supporting IoT and cellular applications. In this session, three low-power receivers including one 2.4GHz receiver with 3× area reduction, one BLE receiver with 2× power reduction, and one wake-up receiver with nano-Watt level power consumption have been included. There are also three advanced receiver techniques including a 4-element receiver array with analog/RF beamformer, a SAW-less LTE radio, and a time-interleaved filter-by-aliasing receiver. The first 14nm synthesizer and a sub-mW dividerless synthesizer will also be reported. Finally, we have a highly-advanced 128-QAM 60GHz transceiver for 802.11ay.

Session 13 overview: High-performance transmitters

This session describes state-of-the-art transmitter and PA designs implemented in deep-submicron CMOS processes featuring low noise, wide bandwidth, and high efficiency. It includes a multi-mode front-end Module with CMOS PA for GSM/EDGE/TD-SCDMA/TD-LTE application, a 14nm SAW-less transmitter with a voltage-mode harmonic-reject mixer, a 28nm multilevel outphasing transmitter enabling 400MHz instantaneous bandwidth, a 28nm digital polar transmitter supporting 40MHz LTE Carrier Aggregation (CA), a 28.6dBm CMOS digital PA with 35% PAE, a 24dBm digital PA with built-in AM-PM distortion self-compensation and several digital PA/transmitter designs for cellular, 802.11, IoT, and wearable applications.