Abdullah Barış Akcan

Rarely seen nasal congenital problems causing neonatal upper respiratory obstruction: a case series

Since newborns are obligatory nasal breathers, upper respiratory tract problems may sometimes be life threatening. The most common pathology causing dyspnea and stridor in newborns is laryngomalacia. Nasal cavity pathologies that risk the neonatal airway are more rarely met. These anomalies may be seen either as solitary anomalies or as a part of a syndrome. While choanal atresia is one of the best-known nasal cavity anomalies, choanal stenosis, congenital nasal mid-line masses, congenital nasal pyriform aperture stenosis, and nasal tip anomalies are more rarely seen structural pathologies. Choanal atresia may be present either as an isolated congenital anomaly or as a part of CHARGE syndrome. Some rare chromosome anomalies may also cause significant problems during nasal respiration in newborns. With this study, we presented a case series of newborns with pathologies that affected nasal respiration. Although the diagnosis and treatment of choanal atresia and congenital dacryocystocele are well known, the information on the diagnosis and treatment of the other two uncommon cases are limited. With this study, we aimed to contribute to the literature by presenting our approach in six cases having congenital pathologies that cause nasal respiratory obstruction.

Carbamazepine-induced Red Blood Cell Aplasia: A Case Report.

A 2-year-old boy developed pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) during carbamazepine (CBZ) therapy. There was no history of prolonged or profuse bleeding after cuts or injury, and no bleeding from any sites of the body, petechiae, ecchymosis, or bruising. His family history of hematological disorders was negative. The child had been receiving CBZ therapy at a daily dose of 10 mg kg–1 for the last 6 months due to generalized tonic clonic seizures. One month before starting CBZ the boy’s complete blood count was analyzed due to anorexia and the findings were normal.

A Rare Complication of Patent Ductus Arteriosus Ligation: Inadvertent Ligation of the Left Pulmonary Artery

BACKGROUNDnThe inadvertent ligation of the left pulmonary artery (LPA) is a rarely seen surgical complication that has been presented in the literature in a limited number of cases after patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) ligation surgery.xa0Case Report: A PDA closure operation was performed on our patient, a 28-week-old preterm. In the postoperative follow-up, we identified on echocardiography taken on the same postoperative day that the ductus space was still present. On CT angiography, we determined that not only was the ductus space still continuing, but, in addition, ligation of the LPA had been performed inadvertently. An LPA reconstruction operation was performed on the patient 46 days after the first operation. However, owing to severe tissue damage in LPA, LPA reperfusion did not occur in the postoperative period.xa0Conclusion: Although inadvertent ligation of the left pulmonary artery during PDA ligation surgery is rarely seen in patients who have undergone closure surgery, this complication should be kept in mind in the postoperative follow-up period. Patient findings such as physical examination, lung angiography and postoperative echocardiography should be assessed with this in mind.

Juvenile alexander disease: a case report.

Alexander disease is a rare autosomal recessive disorder that is characterized by degeneration of the white matter in the central nervous system. Alexander disease is a leukodystrophy that is usually observed in early childhood but rarely in adults. It is characterized by megalencephaly, demyelinization and multiple Rosenthal fibers. Specific magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and genetic investigations are necessary to diagnose the disorder. Signs of leukodystrophy were found in the bilateral white matter on a brain MRI of our four-year-old patient. He had megalencephaly since birth. We use this case to discuss Alexander disease.

Bilateral renal hypoplasia and cystic dysplasia: a new phenotype of Thomas syndrome or a new syndrome?

Thomas syndrome is a rare syndrome including Potter sequence, renal anomalies, heart defects, cleft palate with other oropharyngeal anomalies. Here, we report a newborn with Potter sequence, bilateral renal hypoplasia and cystic dysplasia, multiple cardiovascular malformations, long large ears, frontal bossing, small lips, partial simple toe syndactyly, and cleft palate. To our best knowledge, this patient may be considered as a new variant of Thomas syndrome or a new syndrome.