Abubakar Mohammed

Kinetics of the Corrosion of Mild Steel in Petroleum-Water Mixture Using Ethyl Ester of Lard as Inhibitor

Ethyl Esters of Lard (EEL) has been investigated as a mild steel corrosion inhibitor in petroleum-water mixture by weight-loss tests at different concentrations (0.1g/l, 0.2g/l, 0.3g/l, 0.4g/l and 0.5g/l) of inhibitor, and at temperatures of 303 K, 313 K, 323 K and 333 K. Results show that inhibition efficiency increases as the inhibitor concentration increases, decreases with temperature, and follows the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. It was found that the adsorption of the ethyl ester of Lard on mild steel is by physical adsorption. For the trans-esterification process, the optimal parameters needed for the optimal yield of the ester were: reaction time of 120 minutes, temperature of 75oC, content of catalyst of 1% and alcoholic content of 72 cm 3 .

Analysis of Exhaust Gas Emissions from Gasoline engine-powered passenger vehicles in Nigeria

Emissions from vehicles in developing country constitute a large percentage of global emissions. The study involved the analysis of exhaust emissions using a gas analyser. The vehicles studied are mini buses and private vehicles of different model of carswhich constitute about 80% of the vehicles on Nigeria roads. It was established that the main types of exhaust gases from the automobiles were CO2, NO2, CO, and O2. The highest emission of CO2 was found to be 413.13 mg/m 3 in the 2007 Peugeot car model. The highest exhaust gas emission of NOx, O2 and CO was discovered in the 1998 Honda passenger car model and recorded as 40.23 mg/m 3 , 45.41mg/m 3 and 192.43 mg/m 3 respectively. The study of emissions will spur further studies on more efficient combustor design aimed at minimizing emissions. Keywords—Emissions, Exhaust gas, BMW, Peugeot, Mercedez, Toyota, Honda

Combustion of Coal in Fluidized Bed: Performance Analysis

Fluidized bed combustion (FBC) technology has the potential to use alternative fuel sources such as coal, wood, or waste and it has the ability to reduce and control the emissions of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and sulphur (SOx). This technology is capable of alleviating the energy problems of the Nigerian nation—a country with billions of tonnes of untapped coal and ironically with gross insufficient electrical energy supply. The aim of this research is to investigate the applicability of this technology to Nigerian low-grade coals (Enugu sub-bituminous coal). To achieve this, a pilot fluidized bed combustor of 3 m tall and 155 mm diameter was fabricated. The experiment was carried out using Enugu sub-bituminous coal of size 850 µm. The effect of coal batch sizes was investigated by feeding the coal over-bed in batches of 0.15, 0.25, 0.35, 0.45 kg/batch. The bed and free-board temperatures were measured using digital thermocouples and the pressure drop was monitored using an orifice meter. The minimum fluidization velocity was obtained to be 1.64 and 1.91 m/s for a coal batch feed of 150 and 450 g respectively.