Adalgisa Ieda Maiworm

Drug interaction with radiopharmaceuticals: a review

Clinical images are worthwhile in Health Sciences and their analysis and correct interpretation aid the professionals,such as physicians, physiotherapists and occupational therapists, to make decisions and take subsequent therapeutic and/or rehabilitation measures. Other factors, besides the state of the disease, may interfere and affect the bioavailability of the radiopharmaceuticals (radiobiocomplexes) and the quality of the SPECT and PET images. Furthermore, the labeling of some of these radiobiocomplexes, such as plasma proteins, white blood cells and red blood cells, with 99mT, can also be modified. These factors include drugs (synthetic and natural) and dietary conditions, as well as some medical procedures (invasive or non-invasive), such as radiation therapy, surgical procedures, prostheses, cardioversion, intubation, chemoperfusion, external massage, immunotherapy, blood transfusion and hemodialysis. In conclusion, the knowledge about these factors capable of interfering with the bioavailability of the radiobiocomplexes is worthwhile for secure diagnosis. Moreover, the development of biological models to study these phenomena is highly relevant and desirable.

Can we use the 6-minute step test instead of the 6-minute walking test? An observational study

OBJECTIVE To verify whether or not heart rate is maintained below the calculated submaximal level in healthy, sedentary subjects when they perform the 6-minute step test (6MST) and the 6-minute walking test (6MWT), and to compare the maximal heart rate achieved by the subjects at the end of each test. DESIGN Observational, cross-sectional study. SETTING One tertiary centre. PARTICIPANTS Two hundred and fifty-three participants from a pool of 330 healthy and sedentary subjects between 20 and 80 years of age. INTERVENTIONS Both the 6MWT and the 6MST were performed in accordance with the American Thoracic Societys statement. Dyspnoea, blood pressure, oxygen saturation and heart rate were measured before and after each test. RESULTS Mean heart rate immediately after the 6MST was significantly higher than mean heart rate immediately after the 6MWT {125 [standard deviation (SD) 19] vs 111 (SD 17) beats/minute; mean difference 13 (95% confidence interval of the difference 10 to 16); P<0.001}. Moreover, mean heart rate during (3minutes after commencement) the 6MST [118 (SD 18) beats/minute] was statistically higher than mean heart rate at the end of the 6MWT [111 (SD 18) beats/minute; P<0.001]. None of the subjects achieved the calculated submaximal heart rate. CONCLUSIONS The 6MST and 6MWT are safe and produce submaximal effort in healthy participants. However, they are not interchangeable, and the 6MST requires more energy than the 6MWT.

Effects of Chrysobalanus icaco on the labeling of blood constituents with technetium-99m and on the shape of the red blood cells

Chrysobalanus icaco (abajeru; C.icaco) is recommended in the treatment of diabetes and other clinical disorders. Blood constituents labeled with technetium-99m (99mTc) are used in nuclear medicine. The aim of this study was to verify the effects of an abajeru extract on the labeling of blood constituents with 99mTc and on the shape of red blood cells (RBC). Blood samples(Wistar rats) were incubated with abajeru extract and the labeling of blood constituents with 99mTc and morphology of RBC were carried out. The results showed significant (P<0.05) alteration of labeling of blood constituents with 99mTc and the morphometry (perimeter/area ratio) of the RBC in presence of the extract. These data suggest that this abajeru extract could alter the labeling of blood constituents with 99mTc by its chelating/antioxidant action and/or effects on membrane structures involved in the ion transport.

An extract of a formula used in the traditional chinese medicine (Buzhong Yi Qi Wan) alters the labeling of blood constituents with technetium-99m

Buzhong Yi Qi Wan (Buzhong) is a medicinal herb widely used in Traditional Chinese Medicine to treat the digestive and circulatory systems. Red blood cell and plasma proteins labeled with technetium-99m (99mTc) are used in nuclear medicine. The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of an aqueous Buzhong extract on the labeling of blood constituents with 99mTc. Heparinized blood (Wistar rats) was incubated in vitro with different Buzhong extract concentrations and 99mTc-labeling was performed. Plasma (P) and blood cells (BC) were separated and soluble (SF-P, SF-BC) and insoluble (IF-P, IF-BC) fractions were isolated. The radioactivity on blood constituents was determined and the percentage of incorporated radioactivity (%ATI) was calculated. Buzhong extract at the highest concentrations used altered significantly (p<0.05) the %ATI in blood constituents. Substances present in the Buzhong extract could alter the cellular membrane and/or generation of free radicals that have oxidant properties modifying the labeling of blood constituents with 99mTc.

Comparação de dois tratamentos fisioterapêuticos na redução da dor e aumento da autonomia funcional de idosos com gonartrose

Objective: To compare the treatment of manual therapy associated with ultrasound, and conventional kinesiotherapy associated with gallium arsenide laser (GaAs) in reducing pain and increasing functional autonomy in elderly patients with gonarthrosis. Methods: Clinical trial, with quasi-experimental design. The sample was randomly divided into two groups: experimental group 1 (EG1, n=44, age=68±7.64 years, body mass index: 26.77±4.74kg/m2) - patients with gonarthrosis undergoing physical therapy with manual therapy and ultrasound; and experimental group 2 (EG2, n=20, age 70±5.49 years, body mass index: 27.11±4.63kg/m2) - patients with gonarthrosis undergoing physical therapy and laser therapy with conventional kinesiotherapy. We analyzed functional autonomy (Protocol Development Group for Latin American Maturity - GDLAM) and pain symptoms (Borg CR10 scale). Both EGs participated in 45-minute training sessions, twice a week for eight consecutive weeks. The significance level was p<0.05. Results: It was observed significant improvement in the reduction of the functional autonomy index GDLAM (p<0.001) in both EG1 (Δ=16.14) and in EG2 (Δ=9.32). Similarly, there was significant decrease (p<0.001) in the level of pain in both EG1 (Δ=5.09) and EG2 (Δ=7.1). The power of the experiment was 98%. Conclusions: Both treatments were effective in increasing the functional autonomy and reduction of pain in elderly patients with gonarthrosis.