Adam Bujnowski

Eye mouse for disabled

This paper describes real-time daylight based eye gaze tracking system. Proposed solution consists of two cameras, infrared markers and few electronic components. Usage of the popular Web cams makes the system inexpensive. In dual camera system one camera is used for pupil tracking while second one controls position of the head relative to the screen. Two detection algorithms have been developed and implemented - pupil detection an the screen to head position detection. Proposed solution is an attempt of creating an interface for handicapped users which they could use instead of mouse or keyboard.

Color transformation methods for dichromats

Color blindness is a serious perception problem. Suffering individuals cannot understand messages, which are carrying by many images, especially those, distributed by WWW. In this paper we are proposing three image processing methods to enhance image recognition and understanding by persons with dichromacy. Color difference image is introduced to represent color perception dissimilarity. Two color transformation methods are presented. Results of tests proved the usefulness of the methods for fast color transformation of images in the WWW environment.

A multisensor detector of a sleep apnea for using at home

Diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea usually involves polysomnographic analysis, which unfortunately requires overnight stay in a specialized clinic and is very uncomfortable for a patient. This paper describes the method and apparatus for recording a set of signals to detect sleep apnea. The device records the following signals simultaneously: three-channel ECG, respiratory functions, signals from the accelerometer, and snoring sounds. Measurements are carried out during the night, in the patients home. Algorithm for automatic analysis of the data can be used to detect sleep apnea and hypopnea.

Interactions with recognized patients using smart glasses

Recently, different smart glasses solutions have been proposed on the market. The rapid development of this wearable technology has led to several research projects related to applications of smart glasses in healthcare. In this paper we propose a general architecture of the system enabling data integration for the recognized person. In the proposed system smart glasses integrates data obtained for the recognized patient from health care information systems, from devices connected to the patient and from the patient himself. The data integration is possible, if proper patient recognition procedure is used. Therefore, we evaluated three identification methods based on face recognition and using the recognition of graphical markers (i.e. QR-codes and proposed color-based codes). The results show that it is possible to obtain reliable and fast recognition results during the video acquisition by the smart glasses camera.

Interactions with recognized objects

Implicit interaction combined with object recognition techniques opens a new possibility for gathering data and analyzing user behavior for activity and context recognition. The electronic eyewear platform, eGlasses, is being developed, as an integrated and autonomous system to provide interactions with smart environment. In this paper we present a method for the interactions with the recognized objects that can be used for electronic eyewear. The design of the control node is presented. The control node is the extension of the power socket, equipped with a set of sensors and ZigBee communication interface. The node is used to control electronic objects through user interactions with a mobile device. The preliminary results are presented based on the Android mobile phone used to recognize controllable objects based on the captured image sequences.

The data exchange between smart glasses and healthcare information systems using the HL7 FHIR standard

In this study we evaluated system architecture for the use of smart glasses as a viewer of information, as a source of medical data (vital sign measurements: temperature, pulse rate, and respiration rate), and as a filter of healthcare information. All activities were based on patient/device identification procedures using graphical markers or features based on visual appearance. The architecture and particular use cases were implemented and verified using smart glasses prototypes developed under the eGlasses project and using a reference Health Level 7 Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (HL7 FHIR) server. The results show that information about the identified patient can be quickly retrieved from FHIR servers and annotated using voice recognition services. Smart glasses can be used in the measurement of vital signs of the observed patient, providing values of body temperature, pulse rate, and respiration rate by means of non-contact measurements. Such measurements are sufficiently reliable for medical screening and for fast data exchange using HL7 FHIR actions.

Head movement compensation algorithm in multi-display communication by gaze

An influence of head movements on the gaze estimation accuracy when using a head mounted eye tracking system is discussed in the paper. This issue has been examined for a multi-display environment. It was found that head movement (rotation) to some extent does not influence on the gaze estimation accuracy seriously. Acceptable results were obtained when using eye-tracker to communicate with a computer via in two displays simultaneously.

Simultaneous monitoring of heart performance and respiration activity

An electrode matrix and electronic circuit for simultaneous monitoring heart performance and respiration activity is described in the paper. The heart performance is evaluated basing on a mechanical and electrical activity. The mechanical activity is measured using bioimpedance method while the electrical one using a typical approach, i.e. one channel electrocardiogram is recorded. An electrode matrix exhibiting a relatively low susceptibility to generating so called moving artifacts has been proposed and examined. It was used for measuring both, impedance and electrical signals. Spatial distributions of sensitivity have been calculated, using Finite Element Model, for each type of measurement method utilized. Examples of recorded and processed signals are also included. A contamination of the recorded signals by moving artifacts has been evaluated and compared to that obtained when using other configurations of the electrode matrices.

A tactile system for informing the blind on direction of a walk

Paper presents the design and preliminary studies on vibrotactile method used to guide a blind person in the urban space. A very simple and effective method has been developed. It contains of two vibrators, especially developed control hardware and software. Properties of the proposed system were examined by visually impaired and normal persons using objective and subjective methods. Preliminary results show that it is possible to optimize the pattern of vibrations to reduce fault recognitions.

Comparison of active proximity radars for the wearable devices

Two methods of object position and movement estimation in relation to the user of smart glasses were investigated. An active infrared and ultrasonic methods of the obstacle detection were presented and compared. Application of these methods depend on active transducers type (physical medium used), geometry and surface properties of detected objects and their movement direction and speed. In the article properties of both detectors were compared and applicability of both methods in mobile, battery operated environment such as eGlasses platform were compared.