Adelise de Almeida Lima

Produtividade e qualidade de maracujá-amarelo irrigado, adubado com nitrogênio e potássio

Passion fruit is an outstanding tropical fruit and the north region of Minas Gerais State seems suitable for growing it. A study on nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) levels for maximum physical and economic production was carried out in Quartzarenic Neosol of that region aiming to obtain high yields and superior fruit quality of yellow passion fruits. The experiment was implanted in March 1996, with plants spaced 3.5 m x 5.0 m, and irrigated by microsprinkler. The experimental design was a factorial randomized block with five levels of N (0, 100, 200, 400, and 800 kg/ha/year) and K2O (0, 200, 400, 800, and 1600 kg/ha/year), with four replications. From November/1996 to October/1997 it was observed a negative nitrogen effect on fruit number for the fresh fruit market, but no significant effects on fruit quality. On the other hand, potassium had a positive effect on fruit weight and diameter, but a negative one on yield, mainly for doses of 400 kg of N/ha, and no significant one on fruit quality. Considering yield, it is recommended 100 kg of N and 200 kg of K2O/ha/year, for experiment conditions.

Germinação e crescimento de espécies de maracujá

This work aimed to verify the germination and speed of emergence index of passion fruit species to obtain plants suitable for grafting. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse at Embrapa Cassava and Tropical Fruits, in Cruz das Almas, BA from January to June, 2002. It was used a completely randomized design and the treatments were constituted of five passion fruit species: Passiflora edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Deg., Passiflora edulis Sims, Passiflora giberti N.E. Brown, Passiflora laurifolia L. and Passiflora alata Curtis, with four replications. The species constitute five different groups for the variable, speed of emergence index and, concerning to the germination, two different groups, one formed by the species P. giberti and P. laurifolia and the other by the species P. edulis Sims f. flavicarpa, P. edulis Sims and P. alata. Regarding to plant height, the species P. giberti had the highest average, 40,40 cm, constituting a group that is different from the others. The species P. edulis and P. edulis f. flavicarpa presented better speed of emergence index and germination, consequently the plants obtained were ready for grafting in a shorter period of time.

Doses e fontes de nitrogênio em fertirrigação no cultivo do maracujá-amarelo

Passion fruit yield is influenced by several production factors, among them the climate, the soil and the manuring and irrigation practices. Nitrogen (N) is the most absorbed nutrient by the passion-fruit plant and has structural functions in the plant, and it can be supplied by nitric, ammoniacal and starchy sources. The experiment objective was to evaluate nitrogen sources and doses applied in fertirrigation of passion-fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Deg.) production and fruit quality in 17 months of production in a Coastal Tableland Yellow Latosol in Bahia State, Brazil. It was studied, in randomized blocks with split-plots, two sources of N (urea and calcium nitrate), on the plots, and five N doses (0, 100, 200, 400 and 800 kg ha-1), on the split-plots with three replicas. The yellow passion-fruit was planted in a spacing of 3.00 x 1.25 m, in a total area of 1,237.50 m2, and evaluated from january 2000 to january 2002. The results showed maximum yield of 34 ton ha-1, applying 457 kg of N ha-1, in urea form. Nitrogen fertilizer and sources did not interfer in the fruit characteristics and juice quality.

Efeito de doses de NPK sobre os teores de nutrientes nas folhas e no solo, e na produtividade do maracujazeiro amarelo

This work evaluated the effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilization on nutrient levels in the leaves of yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa Deg.) and on the chemical properties of the soil, in order to maximize yield and optimize fertilizer applications. The experiment was carried out from May/96 to April/98, on a Yellow Latosol, in Cruz das Almas city, State of Bahia, Brazil. It was used a randomized block design, in a fractionated factorial arrangement ½ of 43, with two incompleted blocks. It was evaluated four doses of N (0, 100, 200 and 300 kg ha-1 year-1), of P2O5 (0, 80, 160 and 240 kg ha-1 year-1) and K2O (100, 300, 500 and 700 kg ha-1 year-1). Soil samples and leaves were collected at 12 and 24 months after planting. Yield was evaluated in the first and second production years. Nitrogen fertilization did not affect the N level in the leaves but decreased boron and reduced the soil pH during the second production year. Phosphorus fertilization increased, in average, only 12% of the P levels in the leaves, and 35 times in soil. Potassium fertilization increased nutrient contents in leaves and in soil over the optimum level. Maximum yield of 22 t ha-1, during two years, was obtained with application of 244 kg of N, 72 kg of P2O5 and 285 kg of K2O ha-1.

Cultivos intercalares e controle de plantas daninhas em plantios de maracujá-amarelo

This work aimed identifying crops for intercropping and integrated methods for weed control in yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Deg.) orchard, that will favor its production and profitability. The experiment was set up in May 1999, with the plants being conducted by a vertical support structure with one wire extended 2.0 m above the soil surface, and distributed in a spacing of 2.5 m x 5.0 m. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with four replications and six treatments as follows: T1 - maize (Zea mays L. , cv. BR 106) as intercrop; T2 - bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L., cv. Perola) as intercrop; T3 - pork bean (Canavalia ensiformis L.) in the interspace and hoeing in the plant lines; T4 - pork bean in the interspace and chemical weed control in the plant lines (glyphosate at 1.5 kg./ha); T5 - general chemical weed control (alachlor at 2.8 kg/ha + diuron at 1.2 kg/ha in pre-emergence and glyphosate at 1.5 kg/ha in post-emergence); T6 - control (general hoeing). Data obtained during the harvest period (May 1999 to April 2000) showed no statistical differences among treatments for yield (industry), fruit weight, length and diameter, total soluble solids and total titrable acidity. However, there was a statistical significance for total yield and yield for the fresh fruit market, with best results for bean as intercrop, giving a passion fruit yield of 12.82 t/ha. Both bean and maize should be recommended as intercrops during the first year of passion fruit cycle. The herbicides used both in pre- and post-emergence were economically viable and did not show toxic effects on the yellow passion fruit plants.