Ademar Pereira Serra

Determinação de faixas normais de nutrientes no algodoeiro pelos métodos ChM, CND e Dris

SUMMARY : DETERMINATION OF NORMAL NUTRIENT RANGES FORCOTTON BY THE CHM, CND AND DRIS METHODS The use of diagnosis methods for the determination of normal nutrient ranges is efficientsince it is region-specific, thus not always applicable to other regions. This study aimed todetermine the optimum nutrient ranges for cotton based on the Best likelihood (ChM), Diagnosisand Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS) and Compositional Nutrient Diagnosis(CND). The study was conducted in commercial cotton fields for the 2004/2005 growingseason, in Sao Desiderio, state of Bahia, Brazil. The total nutrient content of 65 whole leafsamples and seed cotton yield of plots with an average size of 120 ha were used as database. Toadjust the method the population was divided into two classes, one with yield above and theother with yield below 4,250 kg ha -1 . The values of ChM for N were higher in Classes 3 and 5(32.0 to 35.5 g kg -1 ). These values agree with DRIS (32.7 to 35.4 g kg -1 ) and CND (32.8 toabove 35.4 g kg

Desenvolvimento de normas DRIS e CND e avaliação do estado nutricional da cultura do algodoeiro

Among the different methods of assessing the nutritional status of plants, DRIS and CND have the main purpose of ranking the limiting nutrients. This study aimed to develop DRIS and CND norms and compare the diagnoses of these methods in evaluations of cotton cash crops in the region of Sao Desiderio, state of Bahia, Brazil. The database consisted of the total nutrient content of 65 whole leaf samples and seed cotton yield of plots with an average size of 120 ha. To adjust the method the population was divided into two production classes, one with yield above and the other below 4,250 kg ha-1. The best response in terms of yield was observed for potassium, calcium and manganese by DRIS as well as CND. In the assessment of the frequency of concordant diagnoses for the potential of positive response to fertilization, it was found that N (70.8 %) was the nutrient with best agreement between the two methods (DRIS and CND) whereas DRIS diagnosed greater relative deficiency for N than CND. For the other nutrients, the frequency of concordant diagnoses based on the potential response to fertilization was from around 73.8 % for Zn to 87.7 % for P. With the adjustment of the methods DRIS and CND, the diagnoses of the nutritional status of cotton in western Bahia were similar.

Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS) to Assess the Nutritional State of Plants

© 2013 Serra et al., licensee InTech. This is an open access chapter distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS) to Assess the Nutritional State of Plants

Dynamic of Phosphorus Fractions in Typic Quartzipsamment Soil Cropped With Bean

Phosphorus is the most limited nutrient in Brazilian soils for plant growth, resulted of low availability and poor P content in bedrock. The aim of the study was to evaluate the dynamic of P fractions in a sand soil typical Quartzipsamment cropped with common bean under the effects of P and Si-fertilizer rates. The research was carried out in a soil with sand texture and clay mineralogy constituted mainly by kaolinite, classified as Neossolo Quartzarênico Órtico típico (RQo). The greenhouse location was the campus of Universidade Federal de Lavras located in the city of Lavras, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil (approximately 21°13′46.54′′ S and 44°58′26.30′′ W, average altitude 932 m above sea level). The experimental design used was entirely random, arranged in a 4 × 3 factorial design, with four repetitions, with amount of 48 experimental units. The treatments included four P rates (0, 80, 240 and 410 mg dm) and four Si rates (0, 240 and 410 mg dm). Phosphorus fractions in soil are little affected by Si-fertilizer rates. P uptakes by bean plants are correlated to the labile and moderately labile fractions. P-fertilizer rates increment majority the stable P fraction in soil and in lower proportion the labile and moderately labile P fractions in soil. Po-NaHCO3 is the only that contributes to bean plant nutrition.

Nutritional Status of Cotton Plant Assessed by Compositional Nutrient Diagnosis (CND)

The use of compositional nutrient diagnosis (CND) to assess the nutritional status of cotton crop is quite important to improve knowledge on plant nutritional requirement and assist the fertilizer recommendation. The aim of this chapter is to introduce the possibility of using CND for cotton crop. This method has scarcely been used to assess the nutritional status of cotton plant although a few results have indicated that it can be promising. In fact, CND methodology seems to be better in the nutritional diagnosis than traditional methods such as sufficient range (SR) and critical value approach (CVA). Its efficiency has increased with the possibility of applying multivariate analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), canonical correlation, and so on. The application of PCA possibility to note some interactions among the nutrients is important for understanding the dynamics of nutrients in plants.

Performance of Peltophorum dubium under intraspecific tree competition and cardinal directions as possibility for integrated livestock-forestry systems

Peltophorum dubium can be an alternative of forestry species to be included in integrated crop-livestock-forestry systems in tropical region. The aim of this research was to evaluate the performance of P. dubium under intraspecific tree competition and cardinal directions to measure the possibility of introduction in integrated livestock-forestry systems. The experiment was performed in a Nelder Wheel competition, which is used in forestry research to test tree competition. The experimental design was factorial (10×2×5) with 12 replicates. The treatments were accomplished by ten tree competitions (159, 201, 255, 322, 408, 516, 653, 827, 1,046 and 1,324 trees ha-1), two cardinal directions (North-South and East-West) and five times after planting (12, 18, 24, 30 and 36 months). The highest tree competition (1,342 trees ha-1) in 36 months after planting, promoted increase in the cylindrical volume of the tree in both North-South and East-West cardinal directions. Nevertheless, the cardinal direction East-West was profitable to increase tree height, diameter at breast height (DBH), cylindrical volume per tree and cylindrical volume per hectare. The DBH measured in 24 months after planting was 5.0 cm, which is considered the minimum DBH to introduce livestock into the integrated system without significant damage on trees. Regarding these preliminary results in the first three years, P. dubium was promising as Brazilian native species to be inserted in integrated livestock-forestry system or single forestry as an option for Eucalyptus spp. Key words: Forestry, dendrometry, Nelder Wheel, integrated systems, agroforestry