Adi Maulana

Geochemistry of rare earth elements (REE) in the weathered crusts from the granitic rocks in Sulawesi Island, Indonesia

We report for the first time the geochemistry of rare earth elements (REE) in the weathered crusts of I-type and calc-alkaline to high-K (shoshonitic) granitic rocks at Mamasa and Palu region, Sulawesi Island, Indonesia. The weathered crusts can be divided into horizon A (lateritic profile) and B (weathered horizon). Quartz, albite, kaolinite, halloysite and montmorrilonite prevail in the weathered crust. Both weathered profiles show that the total REE increased from the parent rocks to the horizon B but significantly decrease toward the upper part (horizon A). LREE are enriched toward the upper part of the profile as shown by La/YbN value. However, HREE concentrations are high in horizon B1 in Palu profile. The total REE content of the weathered crust are relatively elevated compared to the parent rocks, particularly in the lower part of horizon B in Mamasa profile and in horizon B2 in Palu profile. This suggests that REE-bearing accessory minerals may be resistant against weathering and may remain as residual phase in the weathered crusts. The normalized isocon diagram shows that the mass balance of major and REE components between each horizon in Mamasa and Palu weathering profile are different. The positive Ce anomaly in the horizon A of Mamasa profile indicated that Ce is rapidly precipitated during weathering and retain at the upper soil horizon.

Study on the Critical Metal and Rare Earth Element Occurrences in Sulawesi

In this study, whether or not the criteria affecting plot value changes depending on age was investigated in Ankara, Konya and Kayseri, which are three major cities of The Central Anatolian Region in Turkey, through survey method. 2,531 respondents, who were 18 and older, were included in the survey based on a technical viewpoint. Respondents consisted of 559 experts and 1,915 citizens. Fifty seven survey forms were considered invalid for several reasons and excluded from evaluation. The experts were selected from among people who worked on real estate valuation by using The Purposeful Sampling Method. The citizens were chosen from among people who could as well be agents in purchase and sale of the real estate by using The Simple Random Sampling Method. The survey questions were prepared on a Five-Point Likert Scale. These were made up of a total 82 questions and two main titles as locational (64 criteria) and neighbourhood (18 criteria) features (except for demographic questions). The age of the respondents was classified into six different groups. Whether or not averages of criteria were significantly different depending on the age groups was tested by ANOVA. Differences between the age groups were determined through several criteria.