Adi Santoso

PENGARUH PELABURAN AMONIUM HIDROKSIDA TERHADAP EMISI FORMALDEHIDA KAYU LAPIS DAN PAPAN PARTIKEL

The effect of spreading by ammonium hydroxide on formaldehyde emission of plywood and particleboard The formaldehyde emmision from panel products such as plywood and particleboard bonded with urea formaldehyde (UF) can have negative effects to human xa0health , especially if used in a room with limited ventilation. To reduce formaldehyde emission, chemical agents can be applied to the product. In this exsperiment report, the effect of ammonium hydroxide 25% application on formaldehyde emission of UF on to wards the bonded plywood and particleboard was described. Application of ammonium hydroxide on plywood and particleboard significantly affected UF emission. The higher amount of application of ammonium hydroxide, the lower formaldehyde emission from plywod and particleboard. The effect of ammonium hydroxide to UF emission level differed according to type of panel and examination standard. Application of ammonium hydroxide of 0.009 ml/cm 2 and 0.015 ml/cm 2 , the formaldehyde emission of plywood and particleboard could meet Japanese Standard; while spreading on particleboard of 0,003 ml/cm 2 and on plywood of 0,014 ml/cm 2 , the formaldehyde emission could conform to American Standard. Key words : Plywood, particleboard, formaldehyde emission, spreading, ammonium hydroxide ABSTRAK Emisi formaldehida dari produk panel seperti kayu lapis dan papan partikel yang direkat dengan urea formaldehida (UF) dapat mengganggu kesehatan, terutama jika digunakan di dalam ruangan dengan ventilasi terbatas. Untuk mengurangi emisi formal-dehida,xa0 produk tersebut dapat dilburi dengan suatu bahan kimia. Dalam tulisan ini dikemukakan pengaruhxa0 dari penggunaan pelaburan dengan amonium hidroksida 25 % terhadap emisi formaldehida kayu lapis dan papan partikel yang masing-masing direkat dengan UF. Pengaruh pelaburan dengan amonium hidroksida terhadap emisi formaldehida kayu lapis dan papan partikel masing-masing sangat nyata. Semakin banyak amonium hidroksida yang dilaburkan, emisi formaldehida dari kayu lapis dan papan partikel sema-kin rendah. Pengaruh amonium hidroksida terhadap tingkat penurunan emisi formaldehida berbeda menurut jenis panel dan standar pengujian. Pada pelaburan dengan amonium hidroksida sebanyak 0,009 ml/cm 2 dan 0,015 ml/cm 2 , kayu lapis dan papan partikel memenuhi persyaratan emisi formaldehida Standar Jepang. Sedangkan pelaburan pada papan partikel sebanyak 0,003 ml/cm 2 , dan pada kayu lapis sebanyak 0,014 ml/cm 2 , emisi formaldehidanya memenuhi Standar Amerika. Kata kunci : Kayu lapis, papan partikel, emisi formaldehida, pelaburan, amonium hidroksida

PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN UREA DAN MELAMIN PADA PEREKAT UREA FORMALDEHIDA TERHADAP EMISI FORMALDEHIDA DAN SIFAT FISIS-MEKANIS PAPAN PARTIKEL

The formaldehydexa0 emtsston of particleboardxa0 bondedxa0 withxa0 urea formaldehyde xa0(UF) can affect health, especially if it is used in a room with limited ventilation.xa0 To reduce formaldehyde emission,xa0 the glue can be mixed with catching agent.xa0 In this report, the effect of using urea and melamine as catching agents on formaldehydexa0 emission,xa0xa0 and on the physicalxa0 and mechanical properties xa0of UF bonded particleboard is described. The effect of percentagexa0 of catching agent on formaldehydexa0 emission is highly significant. The higherxa0 the percentagexa0 of catching agent,xa0 the lower formaldehyde xa0emission of particlexadboard. xa0On ureaxadmelaminexa0 (U/M) ratio of xa04,xa0 the formaldehydexa0 emission of particleboardxa0 can meet Americanxa0 and Japanesexa0 Standard on the percentagexa0 of 5,xa0 10xa0 and 15%,xa0 while onxa0 U/M ratio of 7 and 10,xa0 the formaldehydexa0 emission can conform the standards on the percentagexa0 of 10xa0 and 15%.xa0 xa0The effect xa0of addition ofxa0 urea and melaminexa0 was significant andxa0 even highly significant on the physical and mechanical properties,xa0 but not on the shear strength.xa0 The effect of U/M ratio was either not significant. Key words :xa0 particleboard,xa0 urea-melamine,xa0 formaldehyde emission,xa0 physical andxa0 mechanical properties.

PENGABUH BERAT LABUR DAN KADAR PENGISI PEREKAT TANIN FORMALDEHIDA TERHADAP KETEGUHAN BEKAT LAPIS

It has been known thatxa0 tannin formaldehydexa0 resinxa0 is suitable for exterior plywoodxa0 adhesive. onexa0xa0 of the source of tannin is Acacia decurrens bark. xa0A study on using tannin formaldehyde from. xa0Acaciaxa0 decurrensxa0xa0 bark has been donexa0 to predictxa0 the effect ofxa0 glue spreadxa0 and percentage of filler on the plywoodxa0xa0 bonding strength. The results show that glue spread has not sigatficant effect on plywoodxa0 bonding strength, while percentage ofxa0 fillerxa0 has significant effect on plywoodxa0 bonding strength and all plywood resulted meet Germanxa0 Standard requirement forxa0 exterior purpose. (AW 100).Fromxa0 the economic paint of view,xa0 it is recommended. to use glue spread of 150 g/m2 and percentage of filler of 4o%.

PENGARUH KOMPOSISI PEREKAT FENOL FORMALDEHIDA TERHADAP.KETEGUHAN REKAT KAYU LAPIS SENGON

In the future. phenol formaldehyde resin will be used in greater quantity due to ita capability inproducing weather and boil•proof plytDood. This paper discribet two aapects, i.e. :xa0 the effect of weight ratio of phenol and formaldehyde on the propemeaxa0 of phenol formaldehydexa0 resin and plywoodxa0 bonding strength; and the effect of filler proportion on the bond.inf ltrength of se111on plywood glued with phenol formaldehyde. 77ae resulta showed that the properties of phenol formaldehyde resin which were produced in three different com- positions were metxa0 Indonesian Standard. The effect of filler proportion on plywoodxa0 bonding strenfth waa significant, but the effectxa0 ofxa0 weight ratio of phenolxa0 formaldehyde and their interaction were not significant. The bond.inf strength of plywoodxa0 glued .with phenolxa0 formaldehyde at 1111xa0 compositio1u were conformedxa0xa0 with German standard for exterior ply- wood. The_ rwlati_onship between filler proportion and plywoodxa0 bonding strength could be exprwued by quadratic regreBBion.