Adnan Çelikel

Applicability of the Demirjian method for dental assessment of southern Turkish children

Age-related legal problems are especially common in underdeveloped parts of Turkey. In terms of civil and criminal law, the ages from 13 years to 18 years are critical in our country. Estimation of age is a very significant in aspect of accordance with laws. The aims of this study were to evaluate the applicability and accuracy of the Demirjian technique for assessing southern Turkish children; to analyze the sexual dimorphism of dental age in the studied groups; and to define the relationship between the dental age and the degree of mineralization in mandibular permanent tooth in southern Turkish children. This study was performed using panoramic radiographs from 932 healthy southern Turkish children, 444 girls and 488 boys aged between 4 and 18 years. Statistical evaluations were performed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) for Windows 13.0 software. The mean difference between dental and chronological age was calculated for each age and sex group. The paired t-test was used to compare all data. The chi-square test was used for between-group comparisons of categorical variables. Continuous variables were tested for normality using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Relationships between continuous variables were examined using Pearsons correlation coefficient. The same observer re-examined 700 teeth three months after the first examination. The results were evaluated with the intraclass correlation test and both measurements were statistically significantly similar with each other(R = 0.982, p = 0.0001). .Dental age (DA) and chronological age (CA) were consistent for boys in the 16-16.9 age group and for girls in the 9-9.9 and 15-15.9 age groups. From this study, we can conclude that dental age varies across ethnic populations. Additionally, dental maturation varies across different regions of the same country. Because Demirjians standards are not suitable for all age groups of southern Turkish children, a new table is necessary for evaluating this population. Future studies using multi-ethnic population data are needed to establish the international applicability of Demirjians method.

Increased drug seizures in Hatay, Turkey related to civil war in Syria

BACKGROUND: Turkey is an important country for drug trafficking and the cultivation of cannabis. Opiates from Afghanistan are trafficked through Turkey on route to the Balkans. Currently Hatay, a Syrian neighborhood city of Turkey, is hosting over 85,000 Syrian refugees who are escaping from the civil war. In this short report, we document the potential effects of conflict and related refugee movements in Hatay, on the seizures of illicit drugs. METHODS: We collected records held by the Ministry of Justice, Hatay Court House, of drug seizures between 2008 and 2013. RESULTS: These records show an annual and stable number of drug indictments between 2008 and 2010 (N=67). However, this number rose exponentially after the start of the conflict in Syria: an increase of 84% from 2010 to 2011 (N=123), with continuing and significant increases in 2012 (N=240) and 2013 (N=211). CONCLUSION: The lack of security and the instability in Syria, and the flow of refugees from this country have resulted in an increasing number of illicit drug seizures. These findings suggest the need for better intervention and greater precautions taken against drug trading in conflict zones and the countries surrounding these zones. Language: en

A series of civilian fatalities during the war in Syria

BACKGROUND A considerable number of deaths due to firearm injuries have occurred during wars all over the world. In this study, it is aimed to evaluate demographic characteristics and injury properties of cases died during civil war in Syria. METHODS The postmortem examination and autopsy reports of 321 forensic deaths occurred between January and December 2012 were analyzed, retrospectively. Of the 321 forensic deaths,186 cases were injured and died in the civil war in Syria and, therefore, included in the scope of the study. Four cases died by natural causes or traffic accidents were excluded. RESULTS Cases were most commonly (n=73, 39.2%) aged between 21 and 30 years, and 21.5% (n=40) of cases aged under 20 years. Of females, 68.8% (n=11) were children and young adults under 20 years of age. An overwhelming majority of deaths (n=125, 67.2%) were caused by explosive and shrapnel injuries, followed by (n=49, 26.3%) gunshot injuries related deaths. CONCLUSION This study indicated that a significant proportion of those who died after being injured in the Syrian war were children, women and elderly people. The nature and localization of the observed injuries indicated open attacks by military forces regardless of targets being civilians and human rights violations.

Elderly suicide in Eskisehir, Turkey

Old age should be examined separately from other stages of life in terms of ratio, method and motives for suicide. With some variation, epidemiological studies suggest suicides increase with age in virtually every society. This study examines demographic data (age, sex and marital status), and other factors related to 20-years (1997-2016) of completed elder suicides in Eskisehir, Turkey. The 74 cases of those 65 and over were evaluated with regard to method, tool and location of the suicide. Annual distributions illustrate gradual increases in this fatal self-harm over time. The vast majority of cases were male (74.3%), compared to female (25.6%). Elders in the 80-84 age range were most likely to kill themselves. Deaths were frequently caused by hanging, followed by other methods and took place in the home. Reasons associated with suicidal behavior included despair as a result of bereavement, mental illnesses, chronic physical conditions and living alone. The researchers cite potential prevention strategies through the use of early mental health treatment for elders, along with inclusion in social services and activities.

Completed suicide among University student in Eskisehir, Turkey

INTRODUCTION In this study student suicides are classified as a distinct group in Eskisehir-a city located in the western part of our country and famous as a student city. The study aims at describing demographic and suicide specification of cases and compare some important issues between males and females. METHOD All the judicially deaths in Eskisehir in a 12 year period between 2004 and 2015 have been evaluated. 75 cases that were deemed as suicide cases as a result of criminal investigation have been included in the study. RESULTS It was determined that hanging method was the most frequently used method and the number of male was more. It was determined that the majority of them were the students living away from their families. Definite or possible psychiatric disorder was identified as the most important risk factor. It was observed that there were significant differences in terms of risk factors between male and female students. Males have been found as more prominent in case of definite or possible psychiatric disorders, alcohol and substance abuse, love and romantic tangles; females have been found as more prominent in case of family problems and social pressure, and repeated suicide attempts. DISCUSSION Compared to the general population love and romantic problems are more prevalent in this group. It is observed that university students left suicide notes more than the general population. Sharing this study with the university administrations could be helpful in undertaking the necessary precautions.

Suça Sürüklenen Çocuklarda Maliyet Analizi Örneği: Olgu Sunumu

Cocugun olay sonrasi, karakoldan baslayarak, sorusturma ve yargilama sureci, devlet tarafindan karsilanan onemli bir maddi yuk olusturmaktadir. Sunulan olgularda bu maliyetin hesaplanmasi, bunun ilgili kurumlara bildirilmesi ve bu ekonomik giderin, cocuklarin yararina kullaniminin tartisilmasi amaclanmistir. Şube Mudurlugumuze suc isledigi iddiasi ile en cok muracaat ettirilmis, ayni zamanda amca cocuklari olan 2 olgu degerlendirilmistir. Cocuklarin ikisinin toplam 992 degisik suc nedeniyle basvurduklari belirlenmistir. Cocuklarin her suc icin minimum 800 TL giderlerinin oldugu, cocuklar icin toplam olarak harcanan paranin 793. 600 TL oldugu belirlendi. Bu cocuklar harcanan paranin ornek teskil etmesi, kendilerinden sonra gelen basta ayni aile fertleri olmak uzere, suca suruklenen ve bunu bir davranis bicimi haline getiren cocuklarin erkenden teshis edilerek gerekli guvenlik ve sosyal destegin saglanabilmesi oldukca onemlidir. Cocuklarin yargilanmasi icin harcanan para ile bir cok imkan saglanabilecegi dusunulmektedir.

Can Spousal Sexual Assault Cases be Detected without any Psychiatric Findings

Objective: Whether spousal rape is a misconduct or not has been a controversial topic for a long time in the jurisdictional system of our country. Sexual assault against one’s spouse has been declared as a criminal act by the change in the Turkish Criminal Code on 1st June 2005. However, we think that psychiatric evaluation of the victim has been ignored by the change in the related penal code in 2014. In this study our aim is to evaluate sexual assaults in marriage and understand and present the importance of psychological findings. Materials and Methods: Data of the sexual assault cases by one’s spouse during the six years period between 2011 and 2016 who were evaluated by Eskisehir Office of Council of Forensic Medicine were analyzed with their psychiatric evaluation findings. Results: In 6 years 27 spousal rape victims were evaluated. Among them, 48.2 % were in the 17 to 24 years’ age group. Only two (7.4 %) had a university degree. Only one case was evaluated after the Turkish Criminal Code has changed. In only 9 (%33.3) cases, findings of the assault were observed by physical and genital examination. By psychiatric evaluation, psychiatric findings related to sexual assault has been determined in all cases. It is determined that without psychiatric evaluation, in the two third of cases no evidence would be obtained and therefore no prosecution could be conducted. Conclusion: Without psychological findings, the sexual assault evaluation is incomplete. Therefore, the related article of penal code needs regulation. The psychiatric findings should be considered as evidence in sexual assault cases and this must be clearly defined in the Criminal Code. Units both for children and adolescents should be established in all cities immediately, in which the psychiatrists and forensic medicine specialists could work together.

The elder physical abuse reflected in judicial authorities in Eskisehir

AIM Elder abuse is a health and human rights problem that may occur among every race and ethnic group all around the world. This study aims at describing all cases of physical abuse of elderly which have been reported to, and investigated by Eskisehir - a western city of Turkey. METHODS Physical abuse incidents above 65 years of age which were evaluated by the Eskisehir Council of Forensic Medicine for expert witness opinion during 5year period between 01.01.2010 and 12.31.2014 are examined in this descriptive, cross-sectional study. RESULTS 253 cases are found and evaluated in the scope of the study. It is determined that all aggressors are the acquaintance of the victim, and for 114 cases (45.1%) the aggressor is the victims son. It is found that only investigation procedures of cases are completed, but no protection and rehabilitation program has been issued. CONCLUSION In conclusion, it is determined that elder victims are abused by family members and relatives who are mostly the care givers. It is seen that emergency physicians play a great role in the detection of abuse.

Missed injuries in explosion-related deaths

In this study we aim to compare clinical diagnoses and post-mortem diagnoses of explosion-related deaths and identify the unrevealed diagnoses missed by physicians. Forensic autopsy reports of three years between January 2012 and December 2014 were collected retrospectively and 277 explosion-related deaths are included in the study. Out of 277 cases, 245 (88.4%) of them are male and 32 (11.6%) of them are female. The mean age is 27.8 years. The mean injury severity score is 37.8 ± 14.54.90 and 32.5% of the cases died in the first 24 h after getting injured. The most frequent injury is head injury (39.0%) and the second most frequent is injuries to multiple body regions (27.8%). Of eight cases of lower extremity injuries, six were found to have injuries of large vessels in post-mortem examinations. Our conclusion is that injury severity scores in cases of explosion-related injuries are higher than those in cases of general trauma. The frequency of missed diagnoses is higher in cases of vessel injuries and multiple injuries. It can be thought that small but lethal lesions can be overlooked when a major trauma is dealt with. In addition, injuries of the internal organs due to blast effects without any macroscopic examination findings can be misleading for physicians.

The Relationship of Histologically Diagnosed Chronic Prostatic Inflammation and Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms

1 Sebahattin Albayrak, Kürşad Zengin, Serhat Tanık, Hasan Bakırtaş, Muhammed Abdurrahim İmamoğlu, Mesut Gürdal Bozok Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Üroloji Ana Bilim Dalı, Yozgat, Türkiye Kronik Prostatit ve Alt Üriner Sistem Semptomları / Chronic Inflammatory Prostatitis and Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms The Relationship of Histologically Diagnosed Chronic Prostatic Inflammation and Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms