Adriano Costa Quaresma

Diversidade de bromeliáceas epífitas na Área de Proteção Ambiental Ilha do Combu, Belém, Pará, Brasil

Information about diversity at the species level offers data for sustainable development and biological conservation. In this context, studies about Bromeliaceae are noteworthy, especially because this group is ecologically important and poorly known in the North Region of Brazil. In this study, two grids (100 m x 100 m) were delineated in a floodplain forest in the environmental protection area of Combu Island, Belem, Para, Brazil. The grids were subdivided into eight grids of 50 m x 50 m, and all species and individuals of epiphytic Bromeliaceae were recorded and quantified. The diversity was calculated using the Shannon-Wiener index. A total of 1,339 individuals, belonging to eight species and four genera were recorded. Tillandsia and Aechmea presented the greatest richness. The diversity of species was H= 1.10, presenting sharp dominance of many individuals of few species.

Floristic composition and spatial distribution of vascular epiphytes in the restingas of Maracanã, Brazil

Vascular epiphytes constitute a life form that is important to maintaining the biological diversity of forest ecosystems, because they provide food resources and specialized microenvironments for fauna in the forest canopy. This study aimed to describe the floristic composition and ecological aspects of vascular epiphytes occurring in the restingas (coastal woodlands) within the Algodoal-Maiandeua Environmentally Protected Area, located in the municipality of Maracana, in the state of Para, Brazil. We sampled five 50 × 50 m plots (three in dry restinga forest and two in floodplain restinga forest), the sampled area therefore totaling 1.25 ha. In the plots sampled, vascular epiphytes were identified and described according to their frequency, abundance, importance value (IV), functional group and vertical distribution (trunk, lower crown or upper crown of the host). For both forest types, we identified 477 individuals belonging to five families, nine genera and 11 species. The most species-rich families were Araceae and Orchidaceae. The species with the highest density, frequency and IV were the secondary hemiepiphytes Philodendron acutatum, Anthurium pentaphyllum and Philodendron muricatum, collectively accounting for 92.1% of all sampled individuals. The true epiphytes predominated. Epiphytic species richness and abundance was greater on the host trunk than in the lower or upper crown. The seasonal climate and structure of the forest favored greater abundance of secondary hemiepiphytes and a higher frequency of epiphytes on the trunks of their hosts.

FORMAÇÕES FLORESTAIS DE RESTINGA E RELAÇÕES ECOLÓGICAS COM LIANAS

The aim of this study was to know the floristic composition of vines in forest formations at the coast of Amazon. The study took place in the Algodoal-Maiandeua Area Environmental Protection, Maracana city, Para State, where two 50x50m parcels were demarcated in a dry forest and two in a flooding forest. For the analysis of composition, richness and diversity all the species were identified and quantified and to verify the differences between the two vines communities in 80 support trees were randomly selected in each forest formation and then a MDS analysis was done. The diversity was measured using the Shannon- Weaver (H’) and the inverse Simpson Index (1/D). In the two forest formations, 177 individuals were registered, in 15 families, 21 genera and 27 species. Dilleniaceae was the family with the greater number of species and Smilax syphilitica Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. e Odontadenia nitida (Vahl) Mull. Arg. the greater number of individuals in the dry forest and flooding forest, respectively. The MDS analysis did not group the forests by their floristic composition. The diversity at the flooding forest was H’ = 1.08 and 1/D = 8.3, for the dry forest it was H’ = 0.98 and 1/D = 7.2. The type of coastal forest formation does not influence the creepers/ vines community composition, richness and diversity.

Analysis of the Establishment of Seedlings of Acai (Euterpe Oleracea Mart.) in the Understory of a Forest of Amazon Floodplain

AbstractThe effects of diffuse solar radiation (DSR), precipitation, and air temperature on survival and mortality of seedlings of acai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) were evaluated in an estuarine floodplain forest located in the environmental protection area of Combu Island, Belem, Para, Brazil, in the period from April 2010 to January 2011. An automatic weather station was installed in the understory of Combu Island to collect from the elements, whose location was defined by taking into account the sheer number of seedlings of acai and the incidence of diffuse radiation through canopy sunflecks on the solar panel. Six plots of 2 m × 20 m were demarcated and divided into 10 subplots of 2 m × 2 m in the directions of north, south, east, and west and two others at random around the station. The seedlings with a height between 10 cm and 2 m were quantified and monitored biweekly for survival and mortality. Data were statistically analyzed by a Pearson correlation. Initially, 1072 individuals were recorded, with ...