Adrienne Harris

Gender as contradiction

A model of gender as a paradoxical and multidimensional structure is proposed. An extended critical reading of Freuds essay on a case of homosexuality in a woman undermines the notion of gender identity and sexual object choice as monolithic categories of experience. The Freud case is considered for its radical model of sexuality and gender, but also for its restrictive use of classical interpretation. Alternative interpretive lines and transference countertransference meanings are considered. With the use of contemporary clinical material, a model of gender identity and sexuality is proposed in which the unconscious and symbolic meaning of bodies and genders, rather than biological sex of the lover and the beloved, carries the interpretive weight.

You Must Remember This

The question of a theory of analytic change is approached through a consideration of analytic impasse. Impasse is considered in relation to impasse in the analyst, linked to an impasse in some forms of mourning in the analyst. The analysts impasse is considered in the light of character formation, the relation of analytic vocations to early attachment, and object ties in the analyst leading to problems with omnipotence. Impasse then is tied to various processes and defenses that shape and contribute to the analysts countertransference. Analytic change is considered then in the context of theories of nonlinear development, models of speech practice, and mutative action. These ideas are explored through case material.

Gender as a Sort Assembly Tomboys' Stories

This article draws on a study of tomboys to reflect on developmental theory in psychoanalysis. To illuminate the power of chaos theory and nonlinear dynamic systems theory in understanding gender and sexuality, I trace three lines of theoretical work on gender, relevant to conceptualizing tomboy love and tomboy identity. First, I reexamine the work on gender development in which bodily life as the wellspring and organizer or gender is prominent. The second strand begins with the organization of gender development proposed by Stoller (1976) and taken tip and developed by Fast (1984). Its most articulated form is in the work of Benjamin (1988, 1993). This line of argument conceptualizes gender development through the pattern of relationships and the resultant identifications. The third strand concerns the understanding of “masculinity” in women and the evolution of work on bisexuality.

False memory? False memory syndrome? The so‐called false memory syndrome?

The current reemergence of clinicians’ attention to the sequelae of childhood sexual abuse has been met by a powerful critical opposition. The criticisms often extend to many forms of psychotherapy and to psychoanalytic treatments of trauma. This article situates the debate in its historical context. It examines the use of eyewitness testimony and the work of Elizabeth Loftus in this controversy and makes a case for a more wide‐ranging, careful, and critical reading of cognitive neuroscience and empirical studies of memory processes. The distinctions between clinical data, legal evidence, and research findings are considered. The essay also examines some of the challenges and problems in treating trauma and in considering the impact of real events in a relational and social constructionist psychoanalysis.

What's American About American Psychoanalysis?

In this essay, we pose the question of psychoanalysis and national character. We explore the Americanness of psychoanalysis in this country through an examination of the history of its emergence in the early and mid-20th century, and through an examination of the impact of pragmatism on the formation and evolution of psychoanalysis in the United States. We consider American models of change and the impact of theoretical movements such as feminism and queer theory. We explore a particular quality and meaning of unconscious phenomena through an examination of American visions of nature over the past century and a half. The impact of elements of national identity and dominant American ideas and practices on relational psychoanalysis is also addressed.

Mothers, Monsters, Mentors

In this essay I explore the difficulties many women have in creative work and the relation of this difficulty to conflict with relations to mothers and to women mentors.

Haunted Talk, Healing Action: Commentary on Paper by Kimberlyn Leary

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The House of Difference, or White Silence

In this article I track three ways of confronting the question of whiteness and its attendant problematic of racism. I look at two personal episodes one involving inheritances from white explorer forebearers and the place of racism in fetishized objects and second in the institutional difficulties within psychoanalysis in finding ways to speak about race and the dilemma of being a beneficiary of racism. Finally I look at the hidden racism in a much lauded psychoanalytic article, Joan Rivieres (1929) “Womanliness as a Masquerade,” and in the light of these three problems speculate on “whiteness.” I argue that the intergenerational transmissions of guilt and disavowal together leave a blank psychic space that makes an authentic expression of racial consciousness and genuine reparation currently difficult and certainly, even if well intentioned, partially compromised.

“Fathers” and “Daughters”

This article begins questioning, and yet also making use of, the concept of the father, examining the theoretical space of fathers and fathering in psychoanalytic theory in the light of contemporary gender theory. Using memoir and clinical vignettes, the essay examines the experience of the father in early childhood, the paternal body, the experience of the father through the imagination of others, the father in oedipal and post-Oedipal life for a daughter, fathers and daughters in psychoanalytic history, and the particular traumatic effects of dangerous and absent fathers.

Analytic Work in the Bridge World: Commentary on Paper by Françoise Davoine

This discussion considers the elements of mythos and story telling that frame the case material Françoise Davoine offers and analyzes. In this discussion, I highlight the role of nachtraglichkeit, the nonlinearity of time and temporality that shapes the key events in this clinical narrative. I consider the relational aspects of countertransference, enactment, and personal analysis that shape Davoines analytic listening and the uncanny effects of historical trauma that enter both analyst and analysand. This discussion also considers the interlocking of speech effects and temporality, the role of unconscious dialogues across history and time, that arise unbidden in clinical work. The analysts freedom to live imaginatively in a process somewhat outside her clinical management is viewed as a key to the freeing of processes of mourning and rehabilitation in the patient.