Ahmad Faraz

Variation of hepatic enzymes with Vitamin B12 and D3 levels in cirrhotic patients

OBJECTIVE: To determine variation of hepatic enzymes Vitamin B12 and D3 levels in cirrhotic patients. DESIGN: Cross sectional study. SETTING: Cirrhotic patients in Abbasi Shaheed Hospital. PARTICIPANTS: 250 patients in Abbasi Shaheed Hospital with diagnosis of cirrhosis including 141 males and 109 females. VARIABLE PARAMETERS: They include mean ALT, GGT, Alkaline phosphatase levels along with Vitamin B12 and D3 levels in blood. RESULTS: Vitamin B12 levels were 1249.59±487.01pg/ml and 1422.28±627.75pg/ml in males and females respectively while Vitamin D3 levels were found to be 17.15±10.45 nmol/L in males and 14.80±14.24 nmol/L in females. Vitamin B12 levels were found to be positively correlated with the elevation of ALT and were negatively correlated with elevation of ALT, GGT and Alkaline Phosphatase. The ALT levels were 50.0±21.88 in males and 14.80±14.24 in females, Alkaline phosphatase to be 311.46±107.98 in males while female Alkaline phosphatase were 346.47±101.60. GGT levels to be 41.70±10.62 in males and 45.01±13.74 in females. CONCLUSION: Cirrhotic patients suffering from severe hepatocellular damage have their elevated levels of Vitamin B12 and depressed Vitamin D3 levels in plasma accompanied by a positive association with elevated ALT and GGT plasma levels

Variation of PEFR with height, weight and waist-hip ratio in medical students

OBJECTIVE: The primary aim of our study was to assess the variation of PEFR with various medical students of Karachi, Pakistan DESIGN: Cross-sectional study Setting: Medical students of Karachi Medical and Dental College Participants: 276 non-smoker healthy medical students composed of 168 females and 108 males. VARIABLE PARAMETERS: They include mean age, body height and body weight and PEFR. They were marked separately for each gender RESULTS: The mean waist hip ratio in females was observed to be 0.843±0.111in relation with that of mean PEFR value 452.97±65.84 L/min, whereas in males the mean waist hip ratio was 0.864±0.028 in relation with that of mean PEFR value 445.93±66.49 L/min. Also there is a statistically significant variation in PEFR with an increase in waist hip ratio . The mean height of males was 173.63 ±7.5 cm and weight was 61.81 ±11.25 Kg while mean height of females was 158.56±7.3 cm and weight was 49.33±9.04 Kg. PEFR is positively correlated with increase in height and weight up to a certain limit. CONCLUSION: The study concludes that PEFR is affected positively by variation in waist hip ratio; moreover young females have more waist hip ratio and PEFR values than their young male counterparts. A large sample size with accurate peak flow meter is required along with ethnic consideration of the study population for better, accurate and clear results.

Variation of Peak Expiratory Flow Rate with Body Mass Index in Medical Students of Karachi, Pakistan

OBJECTIVE: The primary aim of our study was to assess the variation of PEFR with BMI in normal medical students of Karachi, Pakistan DESIGN: Cross-sectional study Setting: Medical students of Karachi Medical and Dental College Participants: 138 non-smoker healthy medical students composed of 111 females and 27 males. VARIABLE PARAMETERS: They include mean age, body height and body weight and PEFR. They were marked separately for each gender RESULTS: The mean BMI in females was found out to be 18.54±2.10 corresponding with that of mean PEFR value 431.62±56.62 whereas in males the mean BMI was 25.07±2.96 corresponding with that of mean PEFR value 533.70±23.22. Also there is a statistically significant variation in PEFR with an increase in BMI . CONCLUSION: The study concludes that PEFR is affected positively by variation in BMI. Also young males have more BMI and PEFR values than their young female counterparts. A large sample size with accurate peak flow meter is required along with ethnic consideration of the study population for better and accurate results