Ahmad Nawaz

Presenteeism: A Reflection of Leadership Styles Among Healthcare Professionals in Karachi

This study investigates the impact of three leadership styles; the transactional leadership style, the transformational leadership style and laissez faire on presenteeism among the healthcare professionals in Pakistan. Using a structured close-ended questionnaire, data were obtained from 128 healthcare employees in Karachi. After encoding, the data were entered into the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 21. Using the descriptive and inferential statistics, the data were analyzed. Linear regression was applied to gauge the impact of the three leadership styles on employee presenteeism. Results revealed that presenteeism is independent of all the three leadership styles being practiced among the healthcare professionals in Karachi. Further research into the factors causing presenteeism can lead to a better conceptualizing of this phenomenon.

Stock Returns: Comparison Among Selected Developing Countries

Developing economies behave alike; they have got communalities with reference to economic issues. This study is an attempt to gauge the performance of capital markets of selected developing economies, which include Pakistan, Bangladesh, Indonesia, Brazil and Argentina. The problem, which has been addressed here, is whether average stock returns are same for all the markets or some have potential to produce better returns. The data used in this study is the stock markets prices which are collected from Yahoo Finance website. The data comprises of five years’ daily observations starting from July 2010 to June 2015. Stock returns are obtained and checked for stationarity and all series were found integrated of order zero. The hypothesis of equality of average stock returns for all the markets is analyzed through ANOVA model. Having analyzed, null hypothesis of equality of average stock returns across the stated markets was retained and concluded that capital markets of developing economies behave alike at least with reference to returns.

Asset Price Bubbles with Specific Focus on Stock Prices in Pakistan

This research paper is an attempt to investigate Asset Price Bubbles (APB) with reference to Pakistan stock market. The analysis of time series graph shows a linear trend in CPI and M2I whereas a nonlinear trend in stock prices. Moreover, the graph also shows an unequal spread in both the stock prices which indicate Heteroskedasticity. Then, descriptive statistics test shows high Standard Deviations for stock prices compared with CPI and M2I which indicates a higher volatility in stock prices. Finally, hypothesis test for equality of variance concluded the presence of Asset Price Bubbles by rejecting null hypothesis of equal volatility against the alternative hypothesis of greater volatility in stock prices.