Ahmed Daak
University of Khartoum
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Featured researches published by Ahmed Daak.
Blood Cells Molecules and Diseases | 2015
Ahmed Daak; Abozer Y. Elderdery; Leana M. Elbashir; Katia Mariniello; Jeremy Mills; Garry Scarlett; Mustafa I. Elbashir; Kebreab Ghebremeskel
Chronic inflammation and reduced blood levels of omega-3 fatty acids (n-3) are known characteristics of sickle cell disease (SCD).The anti-inflammatory properties of n-3 fatty acids are well recognized. Omega-3 treated (n = 24), hydroxyurea (HU) treated (n = 18), and n-3 untreated (n=21) homozygous SCD patients (HbSS) and healthy (HbAA) controls (n = 25) matched for age (5-16 years), gender and socioeconomic status were studied. According to age (5-10) or (11-16) years, two or three capsules containing 277.8 mg docosahexaenoic (DHA) and 39.0mg eicosapentaenoic (EPA) or high oleic acid placebo (41%) were assigned to n-3 treated and n-3 untreated groups, respectively. Hydroxyurea treated group was on dosage more than 20 mg/kg/day. The effect of supplementation on systemic and blood cell markers of inflammation was investigated. The n-3 treated group had higher levels of DHA and EPA (p < 0.001) and lower white blood cell count and monocyte integrin (p < 0.05) compared with the n-3 untreated. No difference was detected between the two groups regarding C-reactive protein, granulocytes integrin and selectin, plasma tumour necrosis factor-α and interleukin-10. The n-3 treated group had lowered nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) gene expression compared to n-3 untreated and HU treated groups (p < 0.05). This study provides evidence that supplementation with n-3 fatty acids may ameliorate inflammation and blood cell adhesion in patients with SCD.
Clinical Therapeutics | 2017
Miguel Lopez-Toledano; Thorsteinn Thorsteinsson; Ahmed Daak; Kevin C. Maki; Colleen Johns; Adrian L. Rabinowicz; Frederick Sancilio
PURPOSE The US Food and Drug Administration has approved several highly purified ω-3 fatty acid prescription drugs for the treatment of severe hypertriglyceridemia. These differ in the amounts and forms of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and/or eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). This study compared the bioavailability of SC401 (1530 mg EPA-ethyl esters [EEs] and DHA-EEs plus Advanced Lipid Technologies⁎ [ALT†], a proprietary lipid-delivery platform to improve absorption), with. Lovaza‡ (3600 mg ω-3, primarily EPA-EEs and DHA-EEs) under low-fat feeding conditions. METHODS This was a Phase I, randomized, open-label, single-dose, 2-way crossover study in healthy participants housed from day -3 to day 2 in each treatment period. Blood samples for pharmacokinetic measurements were collected before and after dosing, and safety profile and tolerability were assessed. FINDINGS In unadjusted analyses, SC401 had 5% lower Cmax and approximately the same AUC0-last of EPA + DHA total lipids compared with Lovaza. When adjusted for baseline, SC401 had ~6% higher Cmax and 18% higher AUC0-last for EPA + DHA total lipids, and dose- and baseline-adjusted analyses found that SC401 had ~149% higher Cmax and 178% higher AUC0-last than Lovaza for EPA + DHA total lipids. The Tmax was also substantially longer with Lovaza (~10 hours) than with SC401 (~6 hours). IMPLICATIONS These results indicate that SC401, an ω-3 acid EE formulation containing ALT† achieved high bioavailability of EPA and DHA, at a lower dose (1530 mg) than Lovaza (3600 mg), under low-fat feeding conditions.
Clinical Therapeutics | 2017
Kevin C. Maki; Colleen Johns; William S. Harris; Mark Puder; Steven D. Freedman; Thorsteinn Thorsteinsson; Ahmed Daak; Adrian L. Rabinowicz; Frederick Sancilio
The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) draft guidance for establishing bioequivalence (BE) of ω-3 acid ethyl esters (containing both eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA] and docosahexaenoic acid [DHA] as ethyl esters), used to treat severe hypertriglyceridemia, recommends the conduct of 2 studies: one with participants in the fasting state and one with participants in the fed state. For the fasting study, the primary measures of BE are baseline-adjusted EPA and DHA levels in total plasma lipids. For the fed study, the primary measures of BE are EPA and DHA ethyl esters in plasma. This guidance differs from that established for icosapent ethyl (EPA ethyl esters) in which the primary measure of BE is baseline-adjusted total EPA in plasma lipids for both the fasting and fed states. The FDA guidance for ω-3 acid ethyl esters is not supported by their physiologic characteristics and triglyceride-lowering mechanisms because EPA and DHA ethyl esters are best characterized as pro-drugs. This article presents an argument for amending the FDA draft guidance for ω-3 acid ethyl esters to use baseline-adjusted EPA and DHA in total plasma lipids as the primary measures of BE for both fasting and fed conditions. This change would harmonize the approaches for demonstration of BE for ω-3 acid ethyl esters and icosapent ethyl (EPA ethyl esters) products for future development programs and is the most physiologically rational approach to BE testing.
Tropical Medicine & International Health | 2016
Ahmed Daak; Elfatih Elsamani; Eltigani H. Ali; Fatma A Mohamed; Manar E. Abdel-Rahman; Abozer Y. Elderdery; Octavious Talbot; Peter Kraft; Kebreab Ghebremeskel; Mustafa I. Elbashir; Wafaie W. Fawzi
To investigate the epidemiology of sickle cell disease (SCD) and determinants of knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) towards SCD in western Kordofan State, Sudan.
Nature Reviews Disease Primers | 2018
Ahmed Daak; Adrian Rabinowicz; Kebreab Ghebremeskel
A correspondence letter to “Nature Reviews Disease Primers” about the therapeutic potential of omega 3 fatty acids for patients with sickle cell disease.
Blood Advances | 2018
Ahmed Daak; Carlton Dampier; Beng Fuh; Julie Kanter; Ofelia Alvarez; L. Vandy Black; Melissa A. McNaull; Michael U. Callaghan; Alex George; Lynne Neumayr; Lee Hilliard; Fredrick Sancilio; Adrian Rabinowicz; Matthew M. Heeney
Blood cell membranes in sickle cell disease (SCD) have low docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). DHA treatment reduces sickle cell crisis (SCC) rate and ameliorates the inflammation, oxidative stress, and hypercoagulable state of SCD. SC411 is a novel DHA ethyl ester formulation with a proprietary delivery platform (Advanced Lipid Technology) that enhances DHA bioavailability. The SCOT trial investigated the effect of 3 different doses of SC411 on clinical and biochemical endpoints in 67 children with SCD (5-17 years old). Seventy-six percent of subjects were also receiving hydroxyurea. After 4 weeks of treatment with SC411 at 20, 36, and 60 mg DHA/kg per day or placebo a statistically significant (P < .001) mean percentage increase of blood cell membrane DHA and eicosapentaenoic acid was seen vs baseline: 109.0% (confidence interval [CI], 46.7-171.3), 163.8% (CI, 108.3-219.2), 170.8% (CI, 90.2-251.4), and 28.6% (CI, 250.1 to 107.3), respectively. After 8 weeks of treatment, statistically significant changes vs placebo were also observed in D-dimer (P = .025) and soluble E-selectin (P = .0219) in subjects exposed to 36 mg/kg. A significant increase in hemoglobin was observed against placebo in subjects receiving 20 mg DHA/kg per day (P = .039). SC411 significantly reduced electronic diary recorded SCC, analgesic use at home, and days absent from school because of sickle cell pain. The lower rate of clinical SCC observed in the pooled active groups vs placebo did not reach statistical significance (rate ratio, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.20-1.11; P = .07). All tested doses were safe and well tolerated. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT02973360.
Journal of Clinical Lipidology | 2017
Miguel Lopez-Toledano; Thorsteinn Thorsteinsson; Ahmed Daak; Kevin C. Maki; Colleen Johns; Adrian Rabinowicz; Frederick Sancilio
BMC Hematology | 2017
Shiekh Awoda; Ahmed Daak; Nazik Elmalaika Husain; Kebreab Ghebremeskel; Mustafa I. Elbashir
Archive | 2016
Frederick Sancilio; Thorsteinn Thorsteinsson; Glynis Daniel-Archibald; Miguel Lopez-Toledano; Ahmed Daak
Journal of Clinical Lipidology | 2017
Miguel Lopez-Toledano; Ahmed Daak; Thorsteinn Thorsteinsson; Frederick Sancilio; Adrian Rabinowicz