Ahmed Tariq Jameel

Stability and thermal conductivity enhancement of carbon nanotube nanofluid using gum arabic

This experimental study reports on the stability and thermal conductivity enhancement of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) nanofluids with and without gum arabic (GA). The stability of CNT in the presence of GA dispersant in water is systematically investigated by taking into account the combined effect of various parameters, such as sonication time, temperature, dispersant and particle concentration. The concentrations of CNT and GA have been varied from 0.01 to 0.1 wt% and from 0.25 to 5 wt%, respectively, and the sonication time has been varied in between 1 and 24 h. The stability of nanofluid is measured in terms of CNT concentration as a function of sediment time using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Thermal conductivity of CNT nanofluids is measured using KD-2 prothermal conductivity meter from 25 to 60°C. Optimum GA concentration is obtained for the entire range of CNT concentration and 1–2.5 wt% of GA is found to be sufficient to stabilise all CNT range in water. Rapid sedimentation of CNTs is observed at higher GA concentration and sonication time. CNT in aqueous suspensions show strong tendency to aggregation and networking into clusters. Stability and thermal conductivity enhancement of CNT nanofluids have been presented to provide a heat transport medium capable of achieving high heat conductivity. Increase in CNT concentrations resulted in the non-linear thermal conductivity enhancement. More than 100–250% enhancement in thermal conductivity is observed for the range of CNT concentration and temperature.

The formation of carbon nanofibers on powdered activated carbon impregnated with nickel.

In the present work, the production and characterization of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) composite is reported. Carbon nanofibers (CNF) were produced on powdered activated carbon PAC—impregnated with nickel—by Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) of a hydrocarbon in the presence of hydrogen at ∼780° C. The flow rates of carbon source and hydrogen were fixed. The CNFs were formed directly over the impregnated AC. Variable weight percentage ratios of the catalyst salt (Ni+2) were used for the impregnation (1, 3, 5, 7 and 9%, respectively). The product displays a relatively high surface area, essentially constituted by the external surface, and the absence of the bottled pores encountered with activated carbon. FSEM, TEM and TGA were used for the characterization of the product.

Mixed-Flow Impeller Characteristics in Baffled Mixing Tank

In recent times, impellers have been designed and modified to combine unique hydrodynamic features to overcome redundancy during mixing. One of such impeller is the mixed-flow impeller which displays a unique combination of radial and axial flow. In this paper, the flow characteristic of a mixed-flow impeller is reported. The main focus is to compare the axial and radial characteristic of the velocity component using experimental and numerical study. The continuity and momentum equation were solved using the Reynold’s stress model (RSM). The field of view away from and below the impeller compared better with the numerical solution for the mean, radial and axial velocity component. Although the RSM was used at a higher computational cost, associated power number and energy of the impeller was also observed to be better predicted.

Numerical Modelling of Mixed Flow Impeller in Stirred Vessel

Flow characteristics of a single mixed flow impeller in baffled and unbaffled vessel have been experimentally and numerically investigated at 600 rpm. The mean, radial and axial velocity components obtained using particle image velocimetry (PIV) were compared with three turbulence models (�-�, �-�shear stress transport (sst) and Reynolds stress model (RSM)) based on the Reynold’s averaging Navier-Stokes equation at two planes, above (x/R=0.46) and below (x/R = 0.38) the impeller. Numerical results of mean and axial velocity for the RSM turbulence model compared better to PIV below the impeller against other models in the baffled vessel. However, the axial and radial velocity components from the �-� model compare well to PIV result at a distance away from the wall. Associated power number and energy of the impeller were also observed to be better predicted with the RSM, although at a higher computational cost. Trade-offs in using the RSM as a tool for simulation of the mixed flow impeller is suggested.