Ahoefa Vovor

Effect of Tectona grandis on phenylhydrazine-induced anaemia in rats.

Traditional oral report indicates that Tectona grandis is used in the treatment of anaemia in Togo. For this purpose, the extract of T. grandis leaves is evaluated on anaemia model of rat induced by intraperitoneal injection of phenylhydrazine at 40 mg/kg for 2 days. Oral administration of T. grandis extract at 1 g/kg/day and 2 g/kg/day, to the rats previously treated with phenylhydrazine, increased the concentration of haemoglobin, red blood cells number, haematocrit and reticulocytes rate. Moreover, the extract of T. grandis enhanced the osmotic resistance of the red blood cells that confirm the important presence of young red blood cells. These results support partially the traditional use of T. grandis in the treatment of anaemia.

Hematological Reference Values for Healthy Adults in Togo

The hematological reference values are very important for diagnostic orientation and treatment decision. The aim of this study was to establish hematological reference values for healthy adults in Togo. A total of 2571 voluntary blood donors participated to this study. Only 1349 subjects negative for HIV, HBV, HCV, malaria, and without hemoglobin abnormalities in electrophoresis and hypochromia on blood smear, were definitively retained for the study. Median hemoglobin level was higher in males than females (15.1 g/dL versus 13.0 g/dL, p = 0.000). Median total WBC (4.2×109/L) and absolute neutrophil counts (1.6×109/L) were similar by gender. The median lymphocyte counts in males and females were, respectively, 2.1×109/L and 2.2×109/L (p = 0.11). The median platelet count was lower in males than females (236×109/L versus 247×109/L, p = 0.004). Our median values for RBC parameters differ from those of African countries probably because of our inclusion criteria which eliminate most cases with iron deficiency and/or thalassemia.

Clonal hypereosinophilic syndrome: two cases report in black men from sub-saharan Africa and literature reviews.

The first case is about a man of 60 years old suffering of hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) developed since 1998. He presented chronic cough, insomnia, and negative parasitical test. We observed hypereosinophilia and fibroblastic hyperplasia at the bone marrow biopsy. Initially, hydroxyurea and α-interferon treatment failed. We proposed to him imatinib mesylate in May 2003. The FIP1L1-PDGFRA gene was detected. The second case is about a man of 34 years old seen in March 2002. First investigation concluded to CML. Progressively, eosinophil cells increased, and complications occurred as oedema syndrome, dyspnoea, and parietal chronic endocarditic fibrosis associated with pericarditis. In addition, a bowel obstruction happened and was cured by surgery. Bcr-abl fusion was negative, and FIP1L1-PDGFRA gene was detected after and imatinib mesylate was given. Actually, endocarditic fibrosis decreased. The two patients are in haematological and cytogenetic remission. We concluded that clonal HES is present in Africa, and imatinib mesylate is effective.

Blood Typing Profile of a School-Aged Population of a North Togo Township

Abstract The aim of this study was the determination of hemoglobin (Hb) variants and ABO blood groups in a school population aged 6 to 9 years in the township of Agbandé-Yaka in North Togo. A cross-sectional study was carried out on 570 children of four primary schools at Agbande-Yaka, between March and July 2010. Hemoglobin characterization was done by alkaline buffer electrophoresis and the blood types ABO-Rhesus (Rh) D by immuno-hematological methods. A Hb variant was detected in 37.0% of the schoolchildren. Among them, the AS trait accounted for 11.9% and the AC trait for 20.2%. Homozygous Hb S (HBB: c.20A>T) was not found but Hb C (HBB: c.19G>A) appeared at a frequency of 3.3%, while compound heterozygotes carrying Hb SC were seen at a frequency of 1.6%. The O, B and A blood groups accounted for 49.0, 26.8 and 21.9%, respectively. The Hb anomalies reached a high prevalence in this school population. These results are remarkable by the absence of homozygous Hb S individuals compared to homozygous Hb C individuals, which were as numerous as expected. The frequencies of the ABO blood groups are similar to what has been found in other West African populations.

Performance d'Hemocue Hb 201+ dans le diagnostic de l'anémie de l'enfant dans les structures sanitaires du niveau périphérique au Togo

Contexte L’anémie est un problème de santé publique dans le monde entier, et notamment dans les pays en développement. Elle a des répercussions majeures sur la santé et sur le développement économique et social d’un pays. La prise en charge des patients anémiés étant nécessaire, il faut un diagnostic biologique précis, et donc un dosage du taux d’hémoglobine par des méthodes fiables. Objectif Évaluer les performances diagnostiques du test Hemocue Hb201+®. Méthodes Étude comparative de la mesure du taux d’hémoglobine à partir du photomètre Hemocue Hb 201+® et d’analyseurs d’hématologie chez 213 enfants de 6 à 59 mois souffrant d’un paludisme simple; la détermination du taux d’hémoglobine par les analyseurs est retenue comme méthode de référence pour évaluer Hemocue Hb201+®. Résultats 72.8% des valeurs obtenues par Hemocue Hb201+® étaient à ±1 g/dl de celles de la méthode de référence. Le coefficient de corrélation de Pearson était de 0.80. La prévalence de l’anémie était de 79.3% pour la méthode de référence et de 77.9% pour Hemocue Hb201+®. La sensibilité et la spécificité de l’analyseur Hemocue Hb201+® étaient respectivement de 95.1% et de 65.3%. Conclusion Les résultats de l’étude ont montré que le test Hemocue Hb201+® présentait une bonne sensibilité, une spécificité moyenne et une exactitude moyenne dans le diagnostic de l’anémie et dans le dosage de l’hémoglobine. Son utilisation peut être recommandée dans les structures périphériques afin de faciliter le diagnostic biologique de l’anémie et sa prise en charge dans les populations vivant dans les zones difficiles d’accès.

Syndromes myéloprolifératifs « Philadelphie négatif » et mutation JAK2V617F : étude des 15 premiers cas ayant bénéficié de cette recherche au Togo

The goal of our study is to document the prevalence of change JAK2V617F among patients reached of myeloproliferative syndromes (MPS) in Togo in order to evaluate frequencies. This descriptive study included 15 patients followed with the CHU Campus for a SMP. The research of JAK2 change by PCR was carried out with the APHP Henri Mondor of Creteil (France). During the study period, 15 patients followed for MPS (9 cases of polycythemia Vera, 5 cases of essential thrombocytemia and a case of primitive myelofibrosis) profited from the research of JAK2 change. The Middle age of the patients was respectively of 45±18 years; of 55±6 years for the PV and the essential thrombocytemia. The patient followed for primitive myelofibrosis was 72 years old. Sex-ratio (H/F) was of 2. JAK2 Change was positive in 5 cases out of 9 (55.5%) of the polycythemia Vera, at 3 patients out of 5 (60%) followed for essential thrombocytemia but negative for patient reached of primitive myelofibrosis. In conclusion, JAK2 Change has an interest diagnosis and forecast in the MPS negative Chromosom Philadelphia and can be systematic even in Africa Sub-saharian.