Ahsana Shah

Prevalence of diabetes and hypertension and association with various risk factors among different Muslim populations of Manipur, India

BackgroundType 2 Diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HT) are among the most common non-communicable chronic diseases in developed and developing countries around the world. The study reports the prevalence of DM and HT and its influence from its possible risk factors.MethodsIndividuals of both sexes (Male-1099, Female-669) belonging to six different populations were randomly selected and screened for diabetes and hypertension following from different districts of Manipur, which is a small hilly state, situated in the north eastern extreme corner of India sharing an international boundary with Myanmar (Burma). “Diabetes mellitus” and “hypertension” were defined by the American Diabetes Association and the Joint National Committee’s 7th Report guidelines, respectively.ResultsThe overall prevalence of diabetes and hypertension in the entire study population was found to be 16.63% and 18.16% respectively. About 13.8% individuals had shown co-prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension. The association of Diabetes Mellitus with different risk factors such as consumption of alcohol and difference in physical activities were found to be statistically significant. The association of Diabetes Mellitus with different populations and age groups are also statistically significant. The association between Hypertension with different populations and different physical activities were also found to be statistically significant.

A1A2BO and Rh gene frequencies among six populations of Jammu and Kashmir, India

A study was undertaken to record gene frequencies of ABO blood groups, their subtypes and Rh antigen for six different endogamous groups including a tribal population. The ABO phenotypic frequency varies among six different populations showing significant difference (p<0.0005). Gujjar and Bakarwal (a tribal population) shows highest (42.29%) of B blood phenotypes. A1 is the highest among Syeds (39.31%), O blood group frequency highest among Mughals (43.23%) and A1B and A2B are rare phenotypes showing very low frequency among all populations. The pattern of allele frequencies (p<0.025) is in order of I(O)>I(B)>I(A1)>I(A2), except Syeds (I(O)>I(A1)>I(B)>I(A2)). The rhesus protein (Rh) phenotypic frequency (p<0.01) shows significant increase in Rh(D) positive (87.86% in Syed to 96.03% in Khan) among all populations. The Rh allele (p<0.05) and genotype (p<0.02) frequencies shows a significant difference. Heterozygosity for Rh protein is less than homozygosity among six populations. The result from this study provides information on the genetic variation in blood antigens and rhesus protein among human populations inhabiting Jammu and Kashmir.

Risk Factor for Diabetes in Different Populations of Manipur

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is among the most common non-communicable chronic diseases in developed and developing countries around the world.The present study was conducted to find out associated risk factors, awareness of basic knowledge regarding risk factors, treatment and complications of diabetes among different populations of Manipur. Methods Individuals of both sexes belonging to three different populations were randomly selected and screened for diabetes from different districts of Manipur, which is a small hilly state, situated in the north eastern extreme corner of India sharing an international boundary with Myanmar (Burma). DM was defined according to the American Diabetes Association (ADA) recommendations as FBS>126 mg/dl ororal glucose tolerance test OGTT2>200 mg/dl. Results Majority of the present studied diabetic individuals were males i.e., 65.31%. About 30.27% had family history of diabetes. The prevalence of diabetes is more in meat eaters. Muslims shows highest percentage of overweight diabetic individuals i.e. 36.2%. Only 42.18% of diabetic individuals had basic knowledge regarding risk factors, treatment and complications of diabetes. Conclusion Large scale epidemiological studies for other populations need to be undertaken to ascertain the causes of rising DM epidemic, initiative for reducing or if possible, some serious efforts must be taken by the Government, health planners to promote physical activity, changing societal perceptions of health and improving knowledge about their associated risk factors by discussing it with the general public.