Aïda Varea

Enhanced mechanical properties and in vitro corrosion behavior of amorphous and devitrified Ti40Zr10Cu38Pd12 metallic glass

The effects of annealing treatments on the microstructure, elastic/mechanical properties, wear resistance and corrosion behavior of rod-shaped Ti40Zr10Cu38Pd12 bulk glassy alloys, synthesized by copper mold casting, are investigated. Formation of ultrafine crystals embedded in an amorphous matrix is observed for intermediate annealing temperatures, whereas a fully crystalline microstructure develops after heating to sufficiently high temperatures. The glassy alloy exhibits large hardness, relatively low Youngs modulus, good wear resistance and excellent corrosion behavior. Nanoindentation measurements reveal that the sample annealed in the supercooled liquid region exhibits a hardness value of 9.4 GPa, which is 20% larger than in the completely amorphous state and much larger than the hardness of commercial Ti-6Al-4V alloy. The Youngs modulus of the as-cast alloy (around 100 GPa, as determined from acoustic measurements) increases only slightly during partial devitrification. Finally, the anticorrosion performance of the Ti40Zr10Cu38Pd12 alloy in Hanks solution has been shown to ameliorate as crystallization proceeds and is roughly as good as in the commercial Ti-6Al-4V alloy. The outstanding mechanical and corrosion properties of the Ti40Zr10Cu38Pd12 alloy, both in amorphous and crystalline states, are appealing for its use in biomedical applications.

Grain Boundary Segregation and Interdiffusion Effects in Nickel–Copper Alloys: An Effective Means to Improve the Thermal Stability of Nanocrystalline Nickel

Nanocrystalline (nc) Ni films show pronounced grain growth and suffer from concomitant deterioration of their mechanical and magnetic properties after annealing at relatively low temperatures (T(ANN) ≥ 475 K). This constitutes a drawback for their applicability as coatings or in components of miniaturized devices. This work reveals that the thermal stability of nc Ni is significantly improved by controllably alloying Ni with Cu, by means of electrodeposition, to form a Ni(1-x)Cu(x) solid solution. To tune the composition of such nc alloys, Ni(1-x)Cu(x) films are deposited galvanostatically using an electrolytic bath containing Ni and Cu sulfate salts as electroactive species, saccharine as grain-refining agent, and applying current densities ranging from -10 to -40 mA cm(-2). The enhanced thermal stability is ascribed to segregation of a Cu-rich phase at the Ni(1-x)Cu(x) grain boundaries, which acts as a shielding layer against grain growth. As a result, high values of hardness (in excess of 6 GPa) remain in nc Ni(1-x)Cu(x) for x ≥ 0.3, even after annealing at T(ANN) ≥ 575 K. From a magnetic point of view, Ni(1-x)Cu(x) films possess lower coercivity values than pure nc Ni films, both in the as-prepared and annealed states, thus offering potential advantages for certain soft magnetic applications.

A new reversal mode in exchange coupled antiferromagnetic/ferromagnetic disks: distorted viscous vortex

Magnetic vortices have generated intense interest in recent years due to their unique reversal mechanisms, fascinating topological properties, and exciting potential applications. In addition, the exchange coupling of magnetic vortices to antiferromagnets has also been shown to lead to a range of novel phenomena and functionalities. Here we report a new magnetization reversal mode of magnetic vortices in exchange coupled Ir20Mn80/Fe20Ni80 microdots: distorted viscous vortex reversal. In contrast to the previously known or proposed reversal modes, the vortex is distorted close to the interface and viscously dragged due to the uncompensated spins of a thin antiferromagnet, which leads to unexpected asymmetries in the annihilation and nucleation fields. These results provide a deeper understanding of the physics of exchange coupled vortices and may also have important implications for applications involving exchange coupled nanostructures.

Effects of electric current on individual graphene oxide sheets combining in situ transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy

Graphene oxide (GO) is currently the object of extensive research because of its potential use in mass production of graphene-based materials, but also due to its tunability which holds great promise for new nanoscale electronic devices and sensors. To obtain a better understanding of the role of GO in electronic nano-devices, the elucidation of the effects of electrical current on a single GO sheet is of great interest. In this work, in situ transmission electron microscopy is used to study the effects of the electrical current flow through single GO sheets using an scanning tunneling microscope holder. In order to correlate the applied current with the structural properties of GO, Raman spectroscopy is carried out and data analysis is used to obtain information regarding the reduction grade and the disorder degree of the GO sheets before and after the application of current.

Sub-second humidity sensing using surface acoustic waves in electrospray-deposited carbon nanofiber and reduced graphene oxide structures

Propagation of surface acoustic waves in lithium niobate crystals with carbon nanofibers or reduced graphene oxide layers deposited by electrospray has been investigated. We show that the ambient air humidity variations affect the phase of the wave noticeably stronger than its amplitude. The response of both phase and amplitude to fast humidity changes is in the sub-second range. The capability of surface acoustic waves of monitoring the fast changes in nano-layer properties for sensing applications has been demonstrated.