Akeem Adewale Oyelana

Effects of Xenophobic Attacks on the Economic Development of South Africa

Abstract There exist doubts whether the policy of South Africa pertinently supports the rights of the sufferers of crime. If the right of the sufferers of offense, for instance, business owners are not protected or supported, this would have adverse effects on the economic development of the country. This prompts the need to assess the possible gaps associated with the effects of xenophobic attacks. The objective of this article, therefore, was to assess the effects of xenophobic attacks on the economic development of South Africa. The paper used a literature review methodology and presented the following vivacious and vibrant findings pertaining to the effects and avoidance of xenophobic attacks and provided measures or government actions that should be taken to protect the rights of sufferers of offense. The South African bill of human rights clearly enumerates the needs of sufferers of offense such as the access to justice and fair treatment, knowledge of the judicial process, compensation and access to mandatory security services and assistance. It was noted that South Africans live under fear of being potential candidates of victimization and discrimination. The paper made the following recommendations, that is, South African citizens should be educated on the effects of xenophobic attacks on the economics development of the country. The societies require education on how to take precautions to avoid being accused of any kinds of offenses. The government should collaborate with Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) and other private groups to mobilize, sensitize and educate the communities on the effects of xenophobic attacks and need to avoid being accused of misdeed, and the offenders or perpetrators’ penalty should be proportionate or commensurate with the gravity/seriousness of the offense committed. For instance, anybody who kills in the country, since nobody is above the law, should be put to death.

Factors Influencing Effective Teaching of Chemistry: A Case Study of Some Selected High Schools in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

Abstract The present study sought to investigate the factors that influence effective teaching of chemistry in the secondary schools in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality, Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. The relationship between the students and teachers responses to these factors was critically examined. The instrument used for data collection is a structured questionnaire developed from the literature review. It contained 30 items, where 15 items were for the students and the other 15 items were for the teachers. The instrument used the 4-point Likert format of strongly agree, agree, strongly disagree, disagree and were administered to one hundred and twenty individuals comprising both students and teachers. The data was collected and analyzed using chi-square statistical tool. The result showed that there is no significance relationship in the responses of students and teachers to some of the factors considered. However, some suggestions were offered on how the management of the schools, government and students involved could be improved on the factors highlighted to make the teaching and learning of chemistry more effective and interesting.

An Examination of the Procedures used by the Amathole District Municipality for Implementing Socio-economic Strategies for Stimulating Small, Micro and Medium Enterprise Development

ABSTRACT The paper examined the procedures used by Municipal Managers for implementing socioeconomic strategies for stimulating Small, Micro and Medium Enterprise (SMME) development in rural communities of the Amathole District Municipality (ADM) in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. The objective of this paper was to investigate the procedures for implementing socioeconomic strategies used by the ADM managers for stimulating SMME development in their local communities in South Africa. This paper used a literature review methodology to unpack the procedures used by the ADM managers for implementing socioeconomic strategies for stimulating SMME development. Similarly, the findings of the study show that the municipality has poor procedures and guideline in implementing socioeconomic strategies for stimulating SMME development in their rural communities. The findings from previous studies revealed that in fact, the ADM faced poor procedural challenges in implementing socioeconomic policy and practical steps that can be taken to address these challenges. The paper gave some contextual clues on the study and explores the Henri Fayol’s Administrative Theory of Management Decision and municipality precise Local Government Turnaround Strategy (LGTAS) Guidelines framework for implementation, together with documental analysis as sources of data used in the study. The implication of the findings are that unless the municipality improved or rectified their socioeconomic strategic procedures, the role of ADM managers in implementing socioeconomic strategies for stimulating SMME development in their rural communities will continue to experience negative socioeconomic development.

Investigating the rudiments of access must rise and fees must fall in the tertiary institutions of learning in selected African countries

ABSTRACT Education plays a major role in the socio-economic growth and development of a nation. The rights of students in the tertiary institutions of learning in South Africa should not be handled with levity. The objective of this paper was to examine the causes of access must rise and fees must fall in South African tertiary institutions of learning. This paper used a literature review methodology and presented the following investigative findings pertaining to the causes of access must rise and fees must fall in South African tertiary institutions of learning and made recommendations to the government pertaining to various actions that should be taken to protect the rights of students by ensuring that they all have equal access to infrastructural facilities and obtain financial support to study in any university of their choice. The findings from this study revealed that the majority of the students are affected by the poor social infrastructural facilities and lack of financial support as well as the increase in the tuition fees raised by the government. The review confirmed that the majority of the students in higher institution of learning will be adversely affected by these challenges because they come from poor families and they cannot continue to study in environments that are not conducive. The paper also identified the need for preventing all these quandaries and predicaments in the higher institutions of learning in South Africa by providing an insight into further research regarding the institutional weaknesses and policy issues. The paper made the following recommendations: the government should collaborate with other governmental organisations and Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) as well as other private groups to alert and educate them on the need to support her in order to enable her effectively finance and provide conducive and enabling learning and living conditions for the students in various tertiary institutions of learning in South Africa.

Perception of Social Studies’ teachers on socio-economic integration in selected African countries

ABSTRACT Economic and social integration has been said to be the hallmark of good governance. This research aimed at assessing the awareness of Social Studies’ teachers in South-West Nigeria about the effects of economic and social integration in the region. Data were collected through self-administered questionnaires through the use of random sampling. The objectives of the research were to examine the perception and also to assess the awareness of Social Studies’ teachers on the economic and social integration in South-West Nigeria. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics. The field survey confirmed that some of these barriers were notably political in nature. They include: cultural values, religion and beliefs, needs, social themes and economy. The findings also identified the search for solutions to these barriers faced by the people in South-West Nigeria by providing an insight for further research regarding the institutional weaknesses and policy issues in this part of the world. The implications of the findings were that unless the limitations named above are resolved, the economic and social integration in the South-West Nigeria will continue to experience poor economic growth and development. Recommendations to overcome these barriers are suggested.

Exploring the Strategies of Addressing Pertinent Forms of Corruption and Accountability in Selected African Countries

ABSTRACT With corruption levels reaching unfathomable levels in some African countries, it is critical that research that avails plausible strategic recommendations is conducted. This is to give hope that these countries public civil service will be effective and efficient. The aim of this paper is, through a review of literature, to discuss the plausible and pragmatic recommendation that can be to mitigate, reduce or annihilate states of corruption significantly. Although the paper has discussed the manifestations of only four types of corruption, that is, political corruption, gender based corruption, white-collar corruption and tax evasion, it has come with the following possible intervention/strategies to curb corruption: Instituting and strengthening public watch dog; Instituting and strengthening corruption awareness sessions and programs; enforcing public accountability in service delivery; Instituting the office of the ombudsman; and training of law enforcement officers.

Obstacles Confronting Postgraduate and Undergraduate Students in Utilizing and Accessing Academic Library Resources: A Case Study

ABSTRACT The study set out to investigate the impediments confronting both postgraduate and undergraduate students in utilizing and accessing library resources in South Africa. The objective of this paper was to investigate the impediments confronting both postgraduate and undergraduate students in utilizing and accessing library resources. This paper used a literature review methodology, presented the findings and made recommendations to the government pertaining to various actions that should be taken in order to ensure that both postgraduate and undergraduate students have access to library resources and at the same time able to utilize Internet facilities within the campus vicinity. The findings from this studies revealed that the majority of both postgraduate and undergraduate students were affected by poor facilities such as fluctuation of the Internet and unstable wireless network, and inadequate access to current published materials like books. The paper recommended that the government should collaborate with other government organizations and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) by informing and educating them on the need to support her in order to enable her effectively, finance and provide conducive library resources, enabling access, and reading facilities to the students in various tertiary institutions of learning.

Exploring the Factors Contributing to Lack of Adherence to Antiretrovirals (ARVs) Treatment for People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in the Eastern Cape

ABSTRACT The paper, through a review of literature explores the lack of adherence to antiretroviral treatment for people with Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. Findings indicate that, many HIV/AIDS victims in South Africa embrace the myth that HIV/AIDS is a woman’s disease. The following are suggested strategies to redress the lack of adherence; studies should emulate to refine these findings through quantitative or use mixed methods. This has been found to be important as it can give statistical evidence regarding the extensiveness of the case. Government should not turn a blind eye to the needs “of People Living with HIV and AIDS” (PLWHA). Communities as well should support them with everything so that they do not feel discriminated and isolated. Strengthening families and communities through equipping them with skills, providing various means of moral support to them to avoid loneliness and isolation within their environment, such as showing caring and passion as well as exhibiting the other positive ways of coping with HIV/AIDS especially those who are badly sick among them. There is a need to provide lessons or skills through training and support particularly to those who are in denial. Practitioners can also put more focus in supporting caregivers’ well-being. Support can be offered financially and professionally to avoid stress burnout.

The Impact of Implementation of Socio-economic Strategies in the Amathole District Municipality: A Review of the Environmental Policy

ABSTRACT The paper examines the impact of implementation of socio-economic strategies in the rural communities focusing on the case of Amathole District. The objective of this paper was to identify the strategic plans used by the ADM managers in implementing socio-economic strategies used for improving the rural communities in South Africa. This paper used a literature review methodology to unpack the strategic plans used by the ADM managers and its local municipalities in achieving successful socio-economic policy. Similarly, the study presented the findings pertaining to the impact of strategic plans used in implementing socio-economic strategies and provided measures or government actions that should be taken by the municipality management in their policy guidelines and procedures. The findings from previous studies revealed that indeed, the ADM Managers faced challenges in implementing socio-economic policy such as LED policy and practical steps that can be taken to address these challenges. The paper gives some contextual framework on the study and explores the ADM Integrated Development Plan (IDP) policy framework for implementation. This together with document analysis, were the sources of data used in the study. The implication of the findings are that unless the impediments stated above are rectified, the role of ADM managers in implementing socio-economic strategies on rural communities will continue to experience deprived socio-economic development and execute poor or substandard policy.

An Appraisal of the Role of Amathole District Municipality (ADM) in the Implementation of Socio-economic Strategies for Stimulating Small, Micro and Medium Enterprise (SMME) Development in the Eastern Cape

ABSTRACT The implementation of socio-economic strategies are not well understood and have rarely been addressed all over the country. The objective of this study is, therefore, to establish a base level of understanding in order to identify the capacity of ADM on the implementation of socio-economic strategies for stimulating SMME development used for improving their local communities. The study used a qualitative research design that involves a systematic review of documents. Data was collected through the review and analysis of available existing documents. Data analysis included using the documentary analysis derived from the journals, and books as well as reviewing the various data analysis done in relation to the appraisal of the DM (District Municipality) managers in implementing socio-economic strategies for stimulating SMME development in their local communities. Findings from previous literature revealed that there are constraints faced by the ADM Managers in implementing socio-economic strategies. The study confirmed some of the operational challenges were due to incompetency among the municipal managers, and lack of clear understanding of the implementation of socio-economic strategies for stimulating SMME development. This study provides effective solutions to the identified challenges and impact as well as strategies to be adopted in order to alleviate poverty and provide job opportunities to the local communities. The implications of the findings are that unless the boundaries named above are resolved, poverty and unemployment, communities will and experiencing poor service delivery in ADM will continue to escalate and thus would undoubtedly lead to poor economic growth and development. Management of the municipality must ensure that qualified ADM Managers are permanently employed and allowed to partake in the implementation of socio-economic strategies.