Akihiro Ono

Direct Analysis of Solid Sample with Ultrafine Particle Generation/Inductively Coupled Plasma Emission Spectroscopy

An ultrafine particle generation (UFP) system has been developed for the direct analysis of solid metal samples by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) emission spectrometry. In this system fine particles are generated from solid samples with the use of a spark discharge and then swept into the ICP. The spark discharge conditions involving the electrode gap and the analytical performance of the ICP system are investigated. Analytical calibration curves are presented for steel samples. The NBS standard reference materials are analyzed by the proposed system.

Evaluation of the efficiency of deodorants by semiconductor gas sensors

Abstract In order to evaluate the efficiency of deodorants, a method has been proposed in which the concentrations of odours are obtained continuously and quantitatively by SnO2-based semiconductor gas sensors. The SnO2 gas sensors are capable of detecting specified odours simply, rapidly and sensitively. The efficiency of a deodorant based on active carbon for removing ammonia, acetaldehyde, hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan has been determined by measuring a change of the concentrations of the odours in a test chamber. Also, the effective lifetime of four kinds of deodorants for removing ammonia was investigated by continuous supply of ammonia of a constant concentration with dried air to a deodorant. As the proposed method is capable of measuring the amounts of adsorbed and desorbed odours on a deodorant, the efficiency of deodorants can be evaluated quantitatively.

Measurement of hydrogen permeation into steel by using hollow bolt and SnO2 gas sensor

Abstract A method using an SnO2 gas sensor and a specially designed hollow steel bolt was proposed for evaluating hydrogen permeation into steel, which is considered to be responsible for delayed fracture of steel. As measured with the gas sensor, the concentration of hydrogen in the cavity of the hollow bolt after weathering tests increased in different manners depending on the weathering conditions and the kinds of steel. This method was also applied to the dynamic measurement of hydrogen penetration through the steel wall of the hollow bolt by continuously monitoring the hydrogen coming into the cavity. Hydrogen diffusion coefficients estimated from this measurement were well consistent with the hydrogen permeation data in the weathering tests, and showed reasonable dependence on phosphorus, silicon and vanadium contents in steel.

CHANNELING ANALYSIS OF Ge EPITAXIAL LAYER ON Si SUBSTRATE AND DOPED Ga ATOMS BY USING RBS AND PIXE METHODS

On the crystalline quality of Ge layers heteroepitaxially grown on Si substrates by the MBE two-step procedure without the intermediate annealing process, the effect of growth temperature and thickness of the first layer was investigated between 135 and 600 °C, and for 20 and 200 nm, respectively, by means of RBS-channeling and cross-sectional TEM methods. The second layer growth temperature was fixed at 600 °C. It was found that, in reducing the total amount of lattice disorder, the two-step procedure has an advantage over the direct deposition, and 200 nm is more favorable than 20 nm as the first layer thickness. The Ge layer of the best quality was obtained when the first layer of 200nm was grown at 400–500 °C, and subsequently the second layer was grown at 600 °C. The PIXE-channeling method was effectively applied to locate Ga atoms doped in the Ge layer grown by the two-step procedure at 300 and 550 °C. Approximately 40% of Ga atoms were located at substitutional sites and the rest at random sites, probably in the form of precipitates.

An automatic spectrophotometric analyzer and an application to the determination of acid soluble aluminum in steel

鉄鋼試料を対象として,吸光光度分析法を自動的に実施する分析装置を開発した.すなわち,鉄鋼試料を溶液化して試料交換器上に置けば,後続の吸光光度分析操作である試料溶液前処理操作,発色用試薬溶液添加操作,発色操作,吸光度測定操作およびから試験値測定操作を自動的かつ連続的に実施する.本装置は鋼試料溶液供給機構,発色用試薬溶液添加機構,発色吸光度測定機構,自動制御機構および記録機構かちなりたつが,最も特徴とするのは発色吸光度測定機構である.本装置により鋼試料中の酸可溶性アルミニウムを,エリオクロムシアニンR吸光光度分析法を原理として定量する方法を確立した。本法によれば1試料6分間で分析でき,結果は手操作分析法による定量結果と一致した.

Automatic method and apparatus for dissolving steel samples

鉄鋼化学分析法の自動化の研究の一つとして,酸溶解法を基本とする鋼試料自動溶解方法および装置を開発した.開発した方法と装置によれば,試料交換器に並べた鋼試料切削粉を溶解反応そうに移送すること,一定量の試薬を一定時期に添加すること,溶解反応そうの加熱,反応溶液のかき混ぜ,溶液化された試料の移送,溶解反応そうの洗浄などの操作を自動的に順次くりかえして実施することができ,溶解所要時間は1試料5分間である.また,0.3g以下の多種の鋼試料を溶解する酸としては塩酸(35%)と過酸化水素水(30%)の混合溶液が最も適していた.本法および装置によって鋼試料を溶解し,窒素,ケイ素およびアルミニウムを分析した結果は,手操作で溶解して分析した結果とよく一致した.

Automatic spectrophotometric analysis of phosphorus in steel

試料溶液を加熱循環しながら発色反応を行なわせ,から試験および発色吸光度を連続的に測定することを基本原理とする自動吸光光度分析装置を用いて,鋼中リン分析の自動化を検討した.すなわち,モリブデン青吸光光度分析法を基本として,自動分析化のための定量基礎条件を詳細に検討し,自動操作プログラムを定めて鋼中リンの自動分析法を開発した.本法によれば,鉄鋼試料を溶液化して試料交換器上に並べたあとは,順次にすべて自動的に操作される.鋼中の0.0005～0.1%のリンを1試料6分間で分析でき,分析結果は高精度で標準値とよく一致した.また,多量のクロムを含む場合は塩化クロミルとして揮散除去すれば,共存元素の影響はほとんど認められなかった.

An apparatus for automatic measurement of absorbancy

An automatic apparatus has been developed for measuring the absorbancies of colored sample solutions in measuring flasks. The apparatus consists of a sample solution changer with twelve suction tubes, aspectrophotometer with flow-through cuvette and an aspirator. The changer is mainly made up of twelve electromagnetic cocks, each of which is fitted with one of the twelve tubes dipped in the colored sample solutions. It is automatically controlled to open the cocks in order, sucking the sample solutions through the flow-through cuvette for absorbancy measurement. The cock is newly applied and works on the basis of pressing a tube between the plunger and the metal rod for closing the flow-pass of the tube.The time required for measuring absorbancies of twelve sample solutions was about 6 min. The analytical results showed a good accuracy and reproducibility.