Akmal Djamaan

Identification of Bacterial Hydrocarbonoclastic in Waste Tanks, Petapahan, Riau, Indonesia, using 16srRNA

This research was conducted to identify the bacterial hydrocarbonclastic in waste tanks, Petapahan, Riau, Indonesia. Bacteria hydrocarbonoclastic are bacteria that have traffic in degrade petroleum. Analysis of 16S rRNA used the primers pair 63 Forward and Reverse 1387 produced 1300 bp. Results of the analysis of the 16S rRNA sequence in bacterial isolates obtained that IMB09 09 was similar to Pseudomonas tollasii, IMB10 was similar to Bacillus cereusIMB 11 had similarities with Bacillus toyonensis strain BCT-7112, IMB 12 was Lysinobacillus fusiform strain NBRC 15717, IMB 15 was Pseudomonas stutzeri strain ATCC 17588 entirely did have the ability to degrade petroleum.

Utilization of Rice Straw (Oryza sativa Linn) Agricultural Waste as Substrate for Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate) Production Using Pseudomonas aeruginosa

1faculty of Pharmacy, university of andalas, Padang indonesia. 2department of Pharmacy, university Mohammad natsir, bukittinggi, indonesia. 3department of chemistry, faculty of Sciences, university of andalas, Padang, indonesia. 4department of Pharmacy, faculty of Medicine and Public Health, abdurrab university, Pekanbaru, indonesia. 5department of chemistry, faculty of Sciences, university of indonesia, Jakarta, indonesia.

SELECTION OF MEDIUM FOR BIOPESTICIDES FERMENTATION PROCESS BY BACILLUS SUBTILIS AAF2 UAAC 20701

Selection of the optimum medium type for biopesticide fermentation process by endophytic bacteria Bacillus subtilis AAF2 UAAC 20701 has been done. The medium type used were: Tryptic Soy Broth (TSB) medium, Luria Bertani (LB), Glucose Soybean Flour medium, and modified corn immersion. Erlenmeyer flask containing the medium to be used in the fermentation process. Then it was incubated at 270C with agitation of 120 rpm. Next step, inoculum was inoculated as much as 10% (v/v) into Erlenmeyer containing the fermentation medium and incubated at 270C with 120 rpm agitation. The parameters measured were pH fluctuation, bacterial cell count, growth inhibition zone of test bacteria and fungal growth inhibition measured every 24 hours for 72 hours. The results showed that the best fermentation condition for producing the highest biopesticide activity using Bacillus subtilis AAF2 UAAC 2070 from four type of testing medium was found in Corn Immersion Medium. The inhibition zone towards Ralstonia solanacearum and Xanthomonas campestris wth inhibition towards Fusarium oxysporum was 64.3% while towards Schlerotium rolfsii was 67.1 % with 48 hours of incubation time and pH changes during fermentation range from 7.0 to 7.8.

BIOSYNTHESIS OF A POLYESTER POLY(3-HYDROXYBUTYRATE) FROM CRUDE PALM OIL (CPO) BY USING BACILLUS SP. UAAC 21501

A polyester poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) or P(3HB) is a natural polymer produced by certain bacteria that can accumulate P(3HB) granules in their cytoplasmic fluid. For these bacteria, the granule P(3HB) acts as a food reserve that can be used if the environmental conditions is not profitable for the growth. In this paper we describe the biosynthesis process of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) polyester compounds from crude palm oil (CPO) using Bacillus sp. UAAC 21501 with fermentation techniques that have been carried out at the Laboratory of Biotan Sumatra, University of Andalas, Padang, West Sumatra, Indonesia. The fermentation process was carried out in a 250 ml conical flask using a rotary shaker incubator at a temperature of 50oC, pH 7 and 200 rpm agitation with variations in fermentation time and CPO concentration. P(3HB) content accumulated in bacterial cells was determined by gas chromatography method. Then P(3HB) formed was extracted and methanolysis (esterification) to 3-hydroxybutyrate-methyl-ester. Results showed that the best CPO concentration in producing the amount of Bacillus sp. UAAC 21501 is at a concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml substrate with 48 hours of culture duration. In this condition, the amount of biomass obtained from Bacillus sp. UAAC 21501 was 164 mg/100 ml substrate, and the percentage of P(3HB) content in the cell was 0.133% w/w.

MANUFACTURE OF PLASTICS FILM CONTAINING OF POLYSTIRENE, POLYCAPROLACTONE, POLY(3-HIDROKSIBUTYRATE-CO-3- HIDROXYVALERATE) AND BIODEGRADATION STUDY IN OCEAN WATER

ABSTRACT The manufacture of a biodegradable plastics film containing of polymer synthetic polystyrene (PS) and biopolymer of polycaprolactone (PCL), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) [P(3HB-ko-3HV)] and biodegradation study in ocean water has been carried out. Plastics film containing of PS/PCL/P(3HB-ko-3HV) produced by blending techniques followed by solvent casting with ratios were of 100/0/0, 95/5/0, 95/0/5, 90/5/5, 85/10/5, 85/5/10. This testing was conducted based on immersion test method recommend by American Society for Testing and Materials. Poly blend plastics film PS/PCL/P(3HB-ko-3HV) were characterized by tensile strength, thermal properties and SEM analysis. The profiles of the rate biodegradation view by weight reduction of the tested plastic film for 1-7 weeks period. Tensile strength analysis showed the decreasing of tensile strength with the addition of P(3HB-ko-3HV). Thermal analysis showed a decreasing in the melting point with the addition of PCL and P(3HB-co- 3HV). SEM micrograph showed the destruction occurred and erosion at surface of plastic film during observation time. The rate of biodegradation showed that increasing of PCL and P (3HBco- 3HV) in a mixture of plastic film, so biodegradation increased. Keywords: polystyrene, polycaprolactone, poly(3-hidroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate), biodegradation, film plastic.