Alam Khan

Antibacterial, antifungal and cytotoxic activities of amblyone isolated from Amorphophallus campanulatus.

Objective: To assess the in vitro antibacterial, antifungal and cytotoxic activities of amblyone, a triterpenoid isolated from Amorphophallus campanulatus (Roxb). Methods: Disc diffusion technique was used for in vitro antibacterial and antifungal screening. Cytotoxicity was determined against brine shrimp nauplii. In addition, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined using serial dilution technique to determine the antibacterial potency. Results: Large zones of inhibition were observed in disc diffusion antibacterial screening against four Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes) and six Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae, Shigella sonnei, Shigella flexneri, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhi). The MIC values against these bacteria ranged from 8 to 64 μg/ml. In antifungal screening, the compound showed small zones of inhibition against Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger and Rhizopus aryzae. Candida albicans was resistant against the compound. In the cytotoxicity determination, LC50 of the compound against brine shrimp nauplii was 13.25 μg/ml. Conclusions: These results suggest that the compound has good antibacterial activity against the tested bacteria, moderate cytotoxicity against brine shrimp nauplii and insignificant antifungal activity against the tested fungi.

Antipyretic Activity of Rhizome of Drynaria quercifolia. in Rabbit

Abstract The antipyretic effect of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate soluble fractions of ethanol extract of the rhizome of Drynaria quercifolia. J. Smith (Polypodiaceae) was investigated. Intraperitoneal administration of boiled milk at a dose of 0.5 mL/kg body weight in albino rabbit leads to pyrexia. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate soluble fractions of ethanol extract of the rhizome of D. quercifolia. at a dose of 80 mg/kg body weight were shown to significantly reduce the elevated body temperature of rabbit, which was compared with standard aspirin (market product) and solvent used.

A new triterpenoid from roots of Laportea crenulata and its antifungal activity

A new triterpenoid 2α,3β,21β,23,28-penta hydroxyl 12-oleanene and two known compounds were isolated from the roots of Laportea crenulata Gaud. The structures of all compounds were elucidated on the basis of various spectroscopic data. The two known compounds β-sitosterol and β-sitosterol 3-β-D-glucopyranoside are also the first report of isolation from this plant. The antifungal activity of new triterpenoid was studied against Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans, and Rhizopus aurizae, and compared with the activity of nystatin (30 µg disc−1). This compound has shown moderate activity against tested fungi.

Antibacterial, antifungal and cytotoxic activities of salviasperanol isolated from Amorphophallus campanulatus

Salviasperanol, a diterpenoid isolated from Amorphophallus campanulatus (Roxb.) Bl. (Araceae) was studied for in vitro antibacterial, antifungal, and cytotoxic activities. The disc diffusion technique was used to determine in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities. Cytotoxicity was determined against brine shrimp nauplii. In addition, minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined using serial dilution technique to determine antibacterial potency. The MIC values against these bacteria ranged from 8 to 64 μg/mL. The compound showed significant antibacterial activity against four Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus β-haemolyticus) and six Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae, Shigella sonnei, Shigella flexneri, Pseudomonus aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi). The compound showed weak antifungal activity against a number of fungi. In the cytotoxicity determination, the LC50 of the compound against brine shrimp nauplii was 8.02 μg/mL.

Antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of Laportea crenulata

Crude extracts and 2alpha,3beta,21beta,24beta,28-pentahydroxy-olean-12-ene (1) obtained from the root of Laportea crenulata exhibited remarkable antibacterial activities against both Gram (+) and Gram (-) bacteria. The antifungal activities of crude extracts and compound (1) were also determined. The cytotoxic activities of crude extracts and compound (1) were observed by brine shrimp bioassay and LC(50) value of the compound (1) was found to be 27.54 microg/ml.

Antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of Abroma augusta Lnn. leaves extract

Abstract Objective To evaluate the antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of acetone extract of leaves of Abroma augusta. Methods Disc diffusion method was used to demonstrate antibacterial and antifungal activities. Cytotoxicity was determined against brine shrimp nauplii. In addition, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined using serial dilution technique to determine antibacterial potency. Results The extract showed significant antibacterial activities against three gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium and Staphylococcus aureus) and four gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae, Shigella sonnei and Salmonella typhi) bacteria. The antifungal activity was found strong against five fungi (Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans, Rhizopus oryzae and Aspergillus fumigatus). In cytotoxicity determination, LC50 of the extract against brine shrimp nauplii was 7.06μg/ml. Conclusions The Abroma leaves extract may be consider as a potent antimicrobial and cytotoxic agent for further advance research.

Bioactivity of Roots of Laportea crenulata

The roots of Laportea crenulata Gaud (Urticacae) were collected in Bangladesh and the bioactivity was evaluated by two bioassays. The brine shrimp lethality test and the antibacterial activity were conducted on the different organic solvent root extracts of this plant. In addition minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined using serial dilution technique. On the brine shrimp lethality bioassay, the petroleum ether, chloroform, and methanol extracts of roots of L. crenulata displayed LC50 values of 20.87, 14.43, and 31.02 μ g/ml respectively. Furthermore, the antibacterial assay on these extracts indicated activity against several pathogenic bacteria. The MIC values against Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae, Salmonella typhi, Bacillus subtilis, and Streptococcus-β -haemolyticus were ranged from 32 to 128 μ g/ml. The positive results on these bioactive extracts should encourage the further investigation of the active principles responsible for these activities.