Alan W. Archer

A world-wide key to the genus Graphis ( Ostropales : Graphidaceae )

A world-wide key to the genus Graphis is presented, based on extensive type studies and revision of several thousand historical and recent collections. A total of 330 species are accepted and included in the key, and a further 205 epithets are listed as synonyms. The structured key includes taxonomic information on type specimens of epithets considered to be synonyms of the accepted species. In addition, 28 species of other genera ( Carbacanthographis, Diorygma, Dyplolabia, Glyphis ) with carbonized excipulum and hyaline ascospores likely to be confused with Graphis are mentioned under the corresponding key couplets. Although the key is preliminary and some taxonomic and nomenclatural problems remain unresolved at this time, it should allow reliable identification of most specimens especially from tropical regions. The following 14 species are described as new: Graphis brahmanensis Aptroot sp. nov., G. cupei Vain. ex Lucking sp. nov., G. funilina Aptroot sp. nov., G. inspersolongula Aptroot sp. nov., G. leucaenae Aptroot sp. nov., G. lourdesina Aptroot sp. nov., G. myolensis Aptroot sp. nov., G. nadurina Aptroot sp. nov., G. norstictica Archer & Lucking sp. nov., G. sarawakensis Hale ex Lucking sp. nov., G. slendrae Hale ex Lucking sp. nov., G. subintermedians Hale ex Lucking sp. nov., G. subserpens Staiger sp. nov., and G. syzygii Aptroot sp. nov. In addition, 22 new combinations are proposed: Carbacanthographis cleitops (Fee) Lucking comb. nov., C. coccospora (Aptroot) Aptroot & Lucking comb. nov., C. induta (Mull. Arg.) Lucking comb. nov., C. triphoroides (M. Wirth & Hale) Lucking comb. nov., Graphis apoda (Zahlbr.) Lucking comb. et stat. nov., G. cremicolor (H. Magn.) Lucking & Archer comb. nov., G. enteroleuca (Ach.) Lucking comb. nov., G. evirescens (Redinger) Lucking comb. nov., G. galactoderma (Zahlbr.) Lucking comb. nov., G. ingarum (Vain.) Lucking comb. et stat. nov., G. isidiata (Hale) Lucking comb. nov., G. japonica (Mull. Arg.) A. W. Archer & Lucking comb. nov., G. kousyuensis (Horik. & M. Nakan.) Lucking comb. nov., G. negrosina (Vain.) Lucking comb. et stat. nov., G. oxyspora (Zahlbr.) Lucking comb. nov., G. plumbea (Zahlbr.) Lucking comb. nov., G. riopiedrensis (Fink) Lucking comb. nov., G. semirigida (Mull. Arg.) Lucking comb. nov., G. subradiata (Nyl.) Lucking comb. et stat. nov., G. subtecta (Nyl.) Lucking comb. et stat. nov., and G. sulphurella (Zahlbr.) Lucking comb. nov. Replacement names are established for six taxa: Graphis jeanmuelleri Lucking nom. nov. [≡ Graphina elegantula Mull. Arg., non Graphis elegantula Zahlbr.], Graphis neoelongata Lucking nom. nov. [≡ G. elongata Vain., non G. elongata Zenker], Graphis novopalmicola A. W. Archer & Lucking nom. nov. [≡ Graphina palmicola Mull. Arg., non Graphis palmicola Makhija & Adaw.], Graphis paralleloides Caceres & Lucking nom. nov. [≡ G. rimulosa var. parallela Mull. Arg., non G. parallela Mull. Arg.], Graphis subalbostriata Lucking nom. nov. [≡ G. angustata var. albostriata Vain., non G. albostriata Vain.], and Graphis subvernicosa Lucking nom. nov. [≡ Opegrapha vernicosa Fee, non G. vernicosa Nyl.]. Three new synonyms are established for Glyphis substriatula (Nyl.) Staiger: Graphina sulcatula Mull. Arg., G. sulcatula var. conglomerata Mull. Arg., and G. bakeri Zahlbr.

Key and checklist for the lichen family Graphidaceae (lichenised Ascomycota) in the Solomon Islands

Abstract A checklist and keys are given for the 16 genera in the lichen family Graphidaceae found in the Solomon Islands. A total of 75 species in the family Graphidaceae were identified, distributed as follows: Acanthothecis two species, Anomomorpha one species, Carbacanthographis three species, Diorygma six species, Dyplolabia one species, Fissurina 11 species, Graphis 17 species, Hemithecium four species, Leiorreuma four species, Phaeographina two species, Phaeographis nine species, Platygramme one species, Platythecium six species, Sarcographa three species, Thalloloma three species and Thecaria two species.

A new species of Loxospora (lichenized Ascomycota: Sarrameanaceae) from Australia

Loxospora lecanoriformis Lumbsch, A. W. Archer & Elix is described from deeply shaded trunks of Doryphora sassafras Endl. in temperate rainforest in north-eastern New South Wales. This species is characterized by large, lecanorine apothecia, mostly unbranched paraphyses, non-amyloid asci and large, thin-walled, simple, ellipsoid ascospores. Molecular data has established that this taxon is related to Loxospora ochrophaea (Tuck.) R. C. Harris.

The lichen genus Pertusaria (Ascomycota) in Central Africa (Congo/Kivu, Rwanda and Burundi) and Western Kenya

Abstract: The available collections of the lichen genus Pertusaria from the eastern parts of Central Africa (mainly in the Albertine Rift in Congo/Kivu, Burundi and Rwanda) and Western Kenya yielded 21 species. Four are described as new for science: Pertusaria fosseyae, P. kinigiensis, P. krogiae and P. lambinonii. The following species are new reports for Africa: P. commutata, P. maritima, P. melanostoma, P. mesotropa, P. microstoma, P. orarensis, P. pilosula, P. rigida, P. scaberula, P. subplanaica, P. subrigida, P. valliculata, and P. verruculifera. The following are reduced into synonymy: Pertusaria amboimensis with P. leioplacella, P. macrostomoides, P. prolifera and P. norstictica with P. endoxantha, P. kahuziensis with P. velata, and P. robsonii with P. limbata. P. aberdarensis is suspected to be a synonym of P. rigida. An identification key to all species is provided. The type collections of three further species described from Africa have been examined: P. kigomensis, P. regenerans and P. rhodesica.

Further new depsones from the lichen Pertusaria truncata.

The new depsones, hyperpicrolichenic acid (4), isohyperpicrolichenic acid (5), megapicrolichenic acid (6) isomegapicrolichenic acid (7) and isosubpicrolichenic acid (8) have been shown to co-occur with picrolichenic acid (1) in the lichen Pertusaria truncata. The assigned structures were confirmed by unambiguous synthesis.

A new species of Pertusaria from Valdivian rainforest, Argentina

The new species, Pertusaria huanicola Messuti & A. W. Archer ( Pertusariaceae , Ascomycota), is described. It is distinguished from Pertusaria phlyctaenula Nyl., P. subambigens Dibben and P. suboculata Brodo & Dibben by the chemistry and the number of ascospores per ascus. The new species is known only from Valdivian rainforest in south-western Argentina.