Alejandro Espinosa Calderón

Productividad de variedades precoces de maíz de grano amarillo para Valles Altos

1Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Cuautitlán. UNAM. Carretera Cuautitlán-Teoloyucan, km 2.5. Cuautitlán, Estado de México. C. P. 54700. A. P. 25. Tel. 01 55 56231971. (tadeorobledo@yahoo.com), (fhyuler@hotmail.com), (virysmile_forever@hotmail.com). 2Campo Experimental Valle de MéxicoINIFAP. Carretera Los ReyesTexcoco, km 13.5. C. P. 56250, Coatlinchán, Texcoco, Estado de México, México. Tel. 01 595 9212657. Ext. 201 y 204. (espinoale@yahoo.com.mx), (bzamudiog@yahoo.com.mx). 3Campo Experimental Cotaxtla. INIFAP. Tel. 01 229 9348354. (mauro_s55@hotmail.com). 4Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit. Tel. 01 311 2110128. (beto49_2000@ yahoo.com.mx). §Autor para correspondencia: espinoale@yahoo.com.mx.

Variedad mejorada de maíz azul ‘V-239AZ’ para las regiones semicálidas de Guerrero

The INIFAP Genetic Improvement Program, based in Iguala of the Independencia, Guerrero, has released the first improved creole variety of blue maize ‘V-239AZ’ with adaptation to the semi-warm regions of the states of Guerrero, Oaxaca and Puebla. After five cycles of convergent - divergent mass selection that gave origin to this variety, it was possible to reduce the agronomic problems of the original creole, such as higher plant height and ear, susceptibility to lodging, high asynchrony between its blooms and uninform grain color, giving place in 2016 to its liberation.

Híbrido varietal HV-240: nueva alternativa de maíz para la montaña baja de Guerrero

Sowing of non-conventional hybrids is a real possibility to increase maize grain yield in areas of medium productive potential from altitudes of 1 200 to 1 700 m of the Guerrero’s mountains and similar regions, where different ecological niches predominate, in which has been difficult to make specific improved material available to farmers. Therefore the INIFAP’s Maize Breeding Program based in Iguala, Guerrero, since 1985 has been working on the use of native populations of subtropical origin per se or in combination with improved maize and experimental lines till the generation of the new ‘HV-240’ varietal hybrid, obtained with native and improved germplasm so that it shows greater adaptation and better plant type than native maize, which is planted in 70% of the area cultivated with maize in the state of Guerrero. The ‘HV-240’ is characterized by a wide adaptation, a biological cycle of 125 days on average, with 64 days to male and female flowering, plant height of 250 to 270 cm, reason why it shows greater resistance to bending, and grain yield from 5 to 6.5 t ha-1.