Alessio Bonci

Design, Preparation, Conduct, and Result of a Proficiency Test of Radiated Emission Measurements

A proficiency test through interlaboratory comparison of radiated emission measurements was carried out in the period of time comprised between May 2012 and May 2013. Nineteen test houses took part in the exercise providing 91 measurement results in total. Measurements were performed in anechoic chambers and in the frequency range comprised between 200 and 3000 MHz. A traveling sample circulated among the laboratories, generating a reference electromagnetic field whose amplitude was a priori known (with uncertainty) but not revealed to the participants until the end of the comparison. Measurement results were provided by the participants in terms of best estimate and uncertainty. The aggregate measurement result is here compared with the a priori known value and its uncertainty. The performance of the laboratories, quantified in terms of two performance statistics selected from ISO 13528, is analyzed and discussed. The measurement uncertainty declared by the laboratories is compared with the dispersion of the measurement results. Aspects concerning the design and conduct of the comparison are also presented and discussed.

Proficiency Testing by Using Traveling Samples With Preassigned Reference Values

In this paper, the results of two proficiency tests of radiated emission measurements are reported. In doing this, several considerations are made concerning the design and realization of the traveling samples, the determination of the reference values and the selection of the statistics through which the performance of the participants to the proficiency test is assessed. Emphasis is placed on the advantages stemming from the assignment of a reference value and its uncertainty to the traveling sample before the start of the proficiency test and based on numerical predictions carried out assuming different test environments and distances between the radiator and the receiving antenna.

Validation of far-field numerical predictions through near-field measurements

Reference electromagnetic field radiators for use in interlaboratory comparisons of far-field measurements can be accurately characterized through the comparison between simulations and measurements, provided that measurements are designed to minimize uncertainty and in particular to avoid electromagnetic environment (site) effects. It is well known that near-field measurements can get rid of the imperfections of the site where measurements take place. The experience gained by the Authors in leading a proficiency test through interlaboratory comparison of electromagnetic field measurements in the 200-3000 MHz frequency range is here reported.

Time-Domain Characterization of the Surge, EFT/Burst, and ESD Measurement Systems

A simple, well-established (although in applications different from electromagnetic compatibility), amenable to direct interpretation, and inexpensive method for the time-domain characterization of the measurement systems used for the calibration of the standard impulse generators for immunity tests is presented. The validity and general applicability of the method is demonstrated through an extensive experimental investigation.

Experience on proficiency testing in Italy with emphasis on radiated emission measurements from 30 MHz to 1 GHz

In recent years (since 2012, through 2014) two proficiency tests on radiated emission measurements were performed in Italy. The first one was devoted to radiated emission measurements in the frequency range between 200 MHz and 3 GHz in fully-anechoic rooms. A rather complete description of the significant technical aspects of this first experience is in [1]. The second one was devoted to radiated emission measurements in the frequency range between 30 MHz and 1 GHz. Both fully anechoic rooms and semi-anechoic rooms were involved in this second experience and measurement distance was 3 m or 10 m. In both cases nineteen participants took part in the proficiency test. The scope of this work is to report the results of this second proficiency test. In doing that several considerations are made concerning the design and realization of the travelling sample, the determination of the reference values of the electromagnetic field, the selection of the statistics through which the performance of the participants to the proficiency test is assessed, the way by which measurement results originated from different test environments (fully- and semi-anechoic rooms, 3 m and 10 m distances) are processed.

Electromotive Force Induced in and Inductance of an Electrically Small Circular Loop Antenna

Exact formulas are here given for 1) the electromotive force induced in a circular loop antenna by a quasi-static and uniform magnetic field perpendicular to the plane of the loop, and 2) the inductance of the loop. The loop consists of one turn of perfectly conducting round wire. Formulas are general in that they are valid for any possible value of the wire radius. Comparison with the results of numerical simulations is offered in order to let the reader appreciate the degree of accuracy obtainable through computational electromagnetics modeling of this canonical problem.

Elementary and ideal equivalent circuit model of the 1, 2/50¿8/20 ¿s combination wave generator

The values of the parameters of the equivalent circuit model of the combination wave (surge) generator, which appears in the standard IEC 61000-4-5, are here derived so that open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current exactly meet the standard waveform requirements in terms of peak amplitude, front-time and duration. The time-domain expressions of the voltage and current waveforms are obtained in closed-form. The new verification procedure set in the draft edition 3 of the standard, that involves the use of an 18 μF capacitor, is discussed, and the aspects relevant to the design of the generator are analyzed.

Complex valued neural network modelling of the balun of a biconical antenna

A methodology is presented aimed at extracting the parameters of a lumped equivalent circuit model of a network from measurements of its complex network (scattering) parameters. The core of the extraction procedure is a modified complex valued neural network that can directly accept the complex network parameters as inputs. The methodology is here applied to the derivation of the circuit model of the balun of a biconical antenna. The complete process of parameter extraction is described paying particular attention to the description of the physical model of the network, the measurement setup and the operation and training of the neural network.