Alexandra Flemming

T cells: Successful checkpoint blockade requires positive co-stimulation

PD1 inhibits T cell activation by suppressing co-stimulation through CD28, and anti-PD1 therapy requires CD28 stimulation for therapeutic efficacy.

Uncovering the mystery of secreted IgD

This study demonstrates that secreted IgD promotes protective humoral responses to soluble antigens such as food allergens.

T H 9 cells tackle advanced tumours

CD4+ TH9 cells show superior activity in adoptive cell transfer approach in melanoma mouse model.

Bacteria-primed T cells identified as culprit in glaucoma

Bacterially primed T cells reactive against heat shock proteins enter the eye and cause neurodegeneration in glaucoma.

Natural regulatory plasma cells

A regulatory B cell subset has been identified that is characterized by the expression of LAG3. In response to TLR stimulation, these LAG3+ B cells produce IL-10.

Immune-boost for the elderly

A combination of TORC1 inhibitors increases immune responses to vaccines and decreases overall infection rates in the elderly.

Tumour immunology: Immune atlas sheds light on anticancer responses

Multiscale immune profiling strategies facilitate unprecedented insights into the subtypes and composition of immune cells in the tumour microenvironment.

Insect Immunity: Mechanism of adaptive immunity found in the fruitfly

Haemocytes inDrosophila melanogasterfacilitate antiviral immunity by amplifying and systemically disseminating RNA interference-mediated responses via exosome-like vesicles. Moreover, they allow for immune memory, akin to adaptive immune responses in mammals.

Autoimmune diseases: Inhibitor of adaptor protein shows self-antigen selectivity

A T cell receptor signalling inhibitor shows efficacy in autoimmune diseases without affecting immune responses to pathogens.