Alexandra Rodrigues Finotti

Applications of life cycle assessment and cost analysis in health care waste management.

The establishment of rules to manage Health Care Waste (HCW) is a challenge for the public sector. Regulatory agencies must ensure the safety of waste management alternatives for two very different profiles of generators: (1) hospitals, which concentrate the production of HCW and (2) small establishments, such as clinics, pharmacies and other sources, that generate dispersed quantities of HCW and are scattered throughout the city. To assist in developing sector regulations for the small generators, we evaluated three management scenarios using decision-making tools. They consisted of a disinfection technique (microwave, autoclave and lime) followed by landfilling, where transportation was also included. The microwave, autoclave and lime techniques were tested at the laboratory to establish the operating parameters to ensure their efficiency in disinfection. Using a life cycle assessment (LCA) and cost analysis, the decision-making tools aimed to determine the technique with the best environmental performance. This consisted of evaluating the eco-efficiency of each scenario. Based on the life cycle assessment, microwaving had the lowest environmental impact (12.64 Pt) followed by autoclaving (48.46 Pt). The cost analyses indicated values of US

Influence of Drainage Network and Compensatory Techniques on Urban Flooding Susceptibility

0.12 kg(-1) for the waste treated with microwaves, US

Use of Shrimp-Shell for Adsorption of Metals Present Surface Runoff

1.10 kg(-1) for the waste treated by the autoclave and US

Frontiers in Urban Drainage - An Analysis of a Preliminary Water Quality Recovery Program Plan in a Developing Country

1.53 kg(-1) for the waste treated with lime. The microwave disinfection presented the best eco-efficiency performance among those studied and provided a feasible alternative to subsidize the formulation of the policy for small generators of HCW.

Uso da ação corretiva baseada no risco - rbca - nos casos de contaminação de solos e águas subterrâneas por gasolina no Brasil

The occurrence of urban flooding due to the accelerated urbanization process and resulting drainage problems has become a worldwide issue and has been the subject of several studies in recent decades. In this sense, the goal of this study is to assess the influence of the drainage network associated with compensatory techniques on susceptibility of the urban flooding occurrence in Campeche District (Florianopolis – Brazil). To achieve this goal, the following methodological steps were used: (1) data collection and preparation; (2) application of the AHP method and consistency analysis; and (3) overlapping influence parameters considering two scenarios. The results show that the introduction of a drainage system decrease the degree of susceptibility of the urban flooding occurrence in approximately 27% of the areas of the Campeche District. It should be noted that, although costly, interventions for implementation of a drainage infrastructure associated with compensatory techniques make is extremely important for sustainable development.

RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS URBANOS NA REDE DE DRENAGEM DA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO RIO DO MEIO, FLORIANÓPOLIS/SC.

This research analyzes the use of natural shrimp shell and commercial chitin for biosorption of metal ions in surface runoff. Investigation of the use of these biosorbent materials in drainage systems becomes a management measure for two extremely important issues in Brazil, fish waste management and the surface runoff quality. Methodological procedures involved treatments with different amounts of unprocessed shrimp shell and commercial chitin (5 g and 10 g) for 200 mL of a compensatory drainage mechanism (infiltration swale). The contact time of biosorbent and runoff was 24 h and removal of metal ions Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Cr was studied. Tests with unprocessed shrimp shell showed high concentrations of metallic ions (Pb, Ni, and Cu) causing contamination of the environment. However, the two biosorbents presented good removal of specific metallic ions (Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cr). These results indicate the need for a biosorbent pre-treatment prior to full-scale use. We indicate the need for a more detailed investigation of water quality in the environment used for shrimp farming. Tests with commercial chitin presented satisfactory results for two concentrations tested. Tests with 10 g of commercial chitin allowed removal of all tested metal ions (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Ni, Pb, Cr) with removal percentage between 6.7% and 84.4%. This efficiency may be related to the chitin’s composition (shrimp, crustaceans, and crab) and to the chemical process applied to the product prior to commercialization. doi: 10.2166/wst.2019.213 s://iwaponline.com/wst/article-pdf/79/12/2221/620196/wst079122221.pdf Aline Schuck Rech (corresponding author) Julio Cesar Rech Jakcemara Caprario Fabiane Andressa Tasca María Ángeles Lobo Recio Alexandra Rodrigues Finotti LAUTEC – Urban Stormwater and Compensatory Techniques Laboratory, Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Delfino Conti Street, s/n – Trindade, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil E-mail: aline.schuck@unc.br

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Rapid growth and high population density concentrated in small areas became inadequate urban water resources, especially in the developing countries. The pollution of rivers and degradation of ecosystems are the result. Rivers restoration appears as a solution to improve this panorama. In this way, this paper analysed one of these projects. It was developed by a Brazilian university in response to a Public Civil Action. The actions described in the program are still insufficient and they can be summarized as monitoring of the current situation. These streams are degraded due to sewage and wastewater pollution from external and internal sources of the university, which has been proven by studies on water quality. Despite of this, the program actions contemplate only interventions within the territory of the university. From a holistic view it is believed that these actions are insufficient to recover the water quality of the rivers.