Alexandre Coradini Fontoura da Silva

Comportamento ingestivo de novilhos de corte em pastagem de aveia preta e azevém com níveis distintos de folhas verdes

The objective of this trial was to evaluate how two levels of green leaves biomass, represented by 350 and 600kg ha-1 of green leaves dry matter (GLDM) affected beef steers behaviour and its bite rate. Evaluations of ingestive behaviour were performed with focal animals observed visually on two periods of 24 hours, with beginning and end at 01 pm, during pasture growth season, at 08/16-17 and 09/24-25/2002. Three trained observers were used for each turn of six hours, one for each two contiguous paddocks (where three focal animals grazed). At 10 minutes intervals, grazing time, rumination activities and rest were registered and estimated the bite rate, as the number of apprehension bites per minute. The lower dry matter percentage existing in the pasture during the first evaluation was responsible for the higher grazing time, when comparing the periods. In the first evaluation, the activity complementary to grazing was rumination and there was not differences for rest time. The lower biomass treatment induced the steers to take more bites as a way of optimizing forage consumption.

Effect of structure of a cool season pasture on grazing behaviour of beef steers

The effect of different pasture structures imposed by treatments of green leaf lamina biomass (GLLB) levels of 350 and 600 kg/ha of dry matter (MS), over animals grazing behaviour was evaluated in this experiment. The pasture was oat (Avena strigosa Schreb.) and Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.). Animals activities were recorded in August and September, in 24 consecutive hours, by trained observers. In the hours of the day in which grazing were more intense, grazing stations remaining time, distance between feed stations and the frequency of remaining in each grazing site were recorded. Preference for sites located nearest to drinking points were found, in each paddock. Distances between feeding stations and time of remaining in these were similar for both treatments. The treatment with 350 kg/ha of DM of GLLB was not a biomass level that affect remaining time in grazing stations.

Alternativa de manejo de pastagem hibernal: níveis de biomassa de lâmina foliar verde

Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, avaliar a producao animal e as variaveis inerentes a pastagem manejada com niveis de 350 e 600 kg/ha de biomassa de lâmina foliar verde (MSFV). Os tratamentos representaram massas de forragem de 617 e 1139 kg/ha de MS, na ordem anteriormente citada, ficando abaixo da recomendacao para a maximizacao do desempenho dos animais. Entre os tratamentos, nao foram encontradas diferencas nas medias das taxas de acumulo diario de forragem e de lâminas foliares verdes, na producao total de forragem, no ganho medio diario e na carga animal, bem como no ganho de peso vivo por hectare, que se manteve em torno de 430 kg/ha para os dois tratamentos. A oferta de forragem diferiu entre os tratamentos sendo, em media, 5,47 e 7,69 kg de MS/100 kg de peso vivo para 350 e 600 kg/ha de MSFV, respectivamente.

Recria de terneiros de corte em pastagem de estação fria sob níveis de biomassa de folhas verdes: economicidade e eficiência alimentar

The animal production, its cost and animal feeding efficiency are analyzed in this work. Treatments were levels of green leaf lamina biomass (GLLB), of 350 and 600kg ha-1 of dry matter (DM), in oat and Italian ryegrass pasture. Experimental animals were beef calves, from Charolais breed and its crosses with Nelore breed, with average initial age of nine months and 175kg of live weight. Average results of 103 days of pasture season indicates that animal and forage production were not affected by treatments. Total pasture production costs and the efficiency of transformation of forage in animal liveweight were similar in both GLLB levels. Treatment with 600kg ha-1 of GLLB presented the best economical results, with higher gross income and profit per hectare and lower cost per kg of liveweight produced.

Desempenho de novilhos de corte em pastagem nativa com níveis de suplementação de farelo de arroz integral

This study was aimed at investigating steers performance on native pasture supplemented with levels of full fat rice bran: 0; 0.5; 1.0 and 1.5% of body weight of the animals, in a completely randomized design, with a split plot arrangement, during 126 days. In main plots were allocated the levels of supplement and in a split plot, the periods of time (6 periods of 21 days each). The supplementation was individual, offered twice a day, at 7am and 3.3pm. The system of pasture was continuous grazing with fix stocking density and variable stocking rate. The average percent of crude protein were 6.8% and 14.9% and the in vitro digestibility coefficients were 59.54% and 71.47% in native pasture and rice bran, respectively (in the dry matter). The live weight gains of the animals were 0.35; 0.55; 0.53 and 0.63kg d-1 with the rice bran daily inclusion of 0.0; 0.5; 1.0 and 1.5% of the animals live weigh differing only when it was considered the use or not use of the supplement. The carcass yield and weigh do not differ among the treatments. The supplementation with full fat rice bran in the levels between 0.5% and 1.5% of live weight proportioned an increase on the live weigh gain of approximately 60% when compared with the animals that did not receive supplement.