Alexandre Kamei Guimarães

Identificação de adulteração de biocombustível por adição de óleo residual ao diesel por espectrofluorimetria total 3D e análise das componentes principais

Total spectrofluorimetry associated to Principal Components Analysis (PCA) were used to classify into different groups the samples of diesel oil, biodiesel, vegetal oil and residual oil, as well as, to identify addition of non-transesterified residual vegetable oil, instead of biodiesel, to the diesel oil. Using this method, the samples of diesel oil, mixtures of biodiesel in diesel and mixtures of residual oil in diesel were separated into well-defined groups.

Validation of LED spectrofluorimeter for determination of both biodiesel and nontransesterified residual cooking oil in diesel samples

This paper presents the results of the validation of a LED spectrofluorimeter patented for the analysis of biodiesel in diesel and non-transesterified residual cooking oil (RCO) in diesel. Detection limit, quantification limit and sensitivity were determined from the regression lines. The spectrofluorimeter validated in this study was adequate for quantifying the amount of biodiesel in diesel in the range from 2% to 45% (B02-B45) with an R-squared value of 0.9962 and a detection limit of 3%. For the analysis of non-transesterified RCO in diesel, the linear range was from 2% to 20% with an R-squared value of 0.9872 and a detection limit of 2%. The accuracy of the equipment for the analysis of biodiesel in diesel and non-transesterified RCO in diesel was evaluated using Students t-test for paired data. With 95% confidence level there was no significant difference between the actual values and those determined by the equipment.

Determination of Adulterants in Diesel by Integration of LED Fluorescence Spectra

This paper describes a simple and rapid methodology for determining the content of adulterants in diesel by the integration of fluorescence spectra. The procedure consists of constructing analytical curves using the concentrations of each adulterant in diesel and the relative change in the fluorescence area of each blend with respect to the fluorescence area of the diesel. The results indicated that the proposed method can be used to determine adulterants such as non-transesterified residual cooking oil, kerosene, and turpentine in diesel. The detection limits were 3, 4 and 5% for non-transesterified residual cooking oil, kerosene and turpentine in diesel, respectively. The method was also successfully used to determine the non-transesterified residual cooking oil content in B5 biodiesel-diesel blend (5% biodiesel) in the range of 0-70%, with a limit of detection of 4%.

Um banho termostático de baixo custo (temperatura ambiente até 0ºC)

Thermal baths to decrease ambient temperature are an indispensable tool for most research and teaching laboratories, especially those in tropical or equatorial regions. A simple and inexpensive thermal bath has been developed based on a scratched compressor. It has three possible setups for cooling: sample immersed into the bath, sample flowing through the bath, and cooling liquid flowing in a jacket around the sample. It has been tested for 40 months. The temperature ranges from room temperature to 0 °C, when using water. The repeatability is better than 3% and the precision varies from 0.5% to 2%.

MAPEAMENTO PATENTÁRIO DE RECUPERAÇÃO AVANÇADA DE PETRÓLEO (EOR) COM ADITIVOS POLIMÉRICOS/BIOPOLIMÉRICOS E SURFACTANTES

O aumento da demanda por petroleo e seus derivados reflete sua importância frente ao crescimento dos paises e as mudancas na dinâmica global. Em vista disso, buscam-se alternativas e metodos que viabilizem a producao de petroleo nos campos que estao em um estagio avancado de producao, a fim de, nao apenas objetivar um avanco economico, mas tambem reduzir a dependencia para com os paises detentores das maiores reservas de petroleo. Os metodos utilizados no intuito de aumentar a producao de oleo sao conhecidos como Enhanced Oil Recover (EOR) e visam a modificacao das caracteristicas do oleo e por consequencia aumentar o fator de recuperacao. No trabalho, foram processadas 611 patentes referentes a utilizacao de Polizmeros/Biopolimeros e Surfactantes na Recuperacao Avancada de Petroleo, com o objetivo de mapear as suas aplicacoes e a partir deste levantamento analisar o desenvolvimento das novas tecnicas.

PROSPECÇÃO TECNOLÓGICA SOBRE RECUPERAÇÃO AVANÇADA DE PETRÓLEO (EOR) COM ASSOCIAÇÕES DE FLUÍDOS DE NATUREZAS QUÍMICAS DIFERENTES

A continua producao de petroleo leva a que campos se tornem maduros, ou seja, estejam em estagio avancado de recuperacao, tornando-se necessario metodos para retirada do oleo residual atraves da recuperacao avancada (EOR). Uma das solucoes e associar fluidos de naturezas quimicas diferentes como polimeros para regular a viscosidade do fluido de injecao, surfactantes para promover uma melhor interacao entre o fluido injetado e o petroleo. Este trabalho foca EOR com polimeros associados a surfactantes, destacando o poli etileno glicol com surfactantes diversos. Visa o mapeamento patentarios sobre desenvolvimento tecnologico. deposito de patentes, tecnologias, metodos e as dificuldades.

Technology Assessment as a Tool Applied in Science and Technology to Achieve Innovation: Optical Methods for Fuels Quality Assessment

This paper presents examples of technological assessment and forecasting of the National Institute of Science and Technology (INCT) Energy and Environment, aiming to bring competitive intelligence to Science Technology & Innovation as a contribution for medium and long term to policies, strategies, plans, and processes of decision making. Here is presented the technology assessment of optical methods of analysis for determining oxidative stability, density and viscosity of oils, biodiesel, biofuels, fuels and mixtures thereof.