Alfred S. Goldhaber

An open universe from inflation

We present a natural scenario for obtaining an open universe (

A MODIFIED SKYRMION

{mathrm{ensuremath{Omega}}}_{0}

TWO PHASE MODELS OF BARYONS AND THE CHIRAL CASIMIR EFFECT

1) through inflation. In this scenario, there are two epochs of inflationary expansionchar22{}an epoch of ``old inflation, during which the inflaton field is stuck in a false vacuum, followed by an epoch of ``new inflation, during which the inflation field slowly rolls toward its true minimum. During the first epoch, inflation solves the smoothness and horizon problems. Then an open universe (with negative spatial curvature) is created by the nucleation of a single bubble. In effect ensuremath{Omega} is instantaneously ``reset to zero. During the subsequent ``new inflation ensuremath{Omega} rises toward unity. The value of ensuremath{Omega} today is calculable in terms of the parameters of the potential, and we show that obtaining values significantly different from zero or unity (though within the range 01) does not require significant fine-tuning. We compute the spectrum of density perturbations by evolving the Bunch-Davies vacuum modes across the bubble wall into its interior.

Theory of ρ - ω interference in π+π− production

Abstract The Skyrme effective lagrangian is generalized to include a term simulating the effects of ω mesons. With this generalization, it is possible to reproduce a number of properties of single baryons and of the central NN interaction in a manner which is both qualitatively appealing and quantitatively satisfactory.

Aharonov-Bohm and Berry phases for a quantum cloud of charge

Abstract Sea quark contributions to the energy and the axial vector current are calculated in the framework of the chiral bag model. Logarithmic divergences in these quantities are eliminated by the requirement that the axial vector current remain finite in the limit as the bag radius, R , goes to zero and the chiral angle, θ ( R ), goes to π. This requirement permits the smooth joining of the quark phase inside the bag to a solitonic meson phase outside the bag and leads to a pure solitonic description of baryons in the R →0 limit.

Resource Letter MM‐1: Magnetic monopoles

Abstract The Coleman-Glashow model for ρ - ω mass mixing permits unambiguous analysis of recent π + π − production data. We confirm production phase predictions of a Regge model with exchangge degenerate trajectories. We explain the anomalous rho width observed in colliding beam reactions.

Characterization of fractional-quantum-Hall-effect quasiparticles

We investigate the phase accumulated by a charged particle in an extended quantum state as it encircles one or more magnetic fluxons, each carrying half a flux unit. A simple, essentially topological analysis reveals an interplay between the Aharonov-Bohm phase and Berrys phase.

Problems with the Rotating-Torsion-Balance Limit on the Photon Mass

This Resource Letter provides a guide to the literature on magnetic monopoles. The letter E after an item indicates elementary level or material of general interest to persons becoming informed in the field. The letter I, for intermediate level, indicates material of somewhat more specialized nature. The letter A indicates more specialized or advanced material. An asterisk (*) indicates those articles included in the accompanying Reprint Book.

Local charge versus Aharonov-Bohm charge

Abstract Composite fermions in a partially filled quasi-Landau level may be viewed as quasielectrons of the underlying fractional quantum Hall state, suggesting that a quasielectron is simply a dressed electron, as often is true in other interacting electron systems, and as a result has the same intrinsic charge and exchange statistics as an electron. This paper discusses how this result is reconciled with the earlier picture in which quasiparticles are viewed as fractionally-charged fractional-statistics “solitons”. While the two approaches provide the same answers for the long-range interactions between the quasiparticles, the dressed-electron description is more conventional and unifies the view of quasiparticle dynamics in and beyond the fractional quantum Hall regime.

On the fractional electric charge of a magnetic monopole at nonzero temperature

We discuss the problems (and the promise) of the ingenious method introduced by Lakes, and recently improved on by Luo, to detect a possible small photon mass