Ali Kahraman

The Importance of Bioconservation and Biodiversity in Turkey

Biodiversity represents the basis of all life on our planet or in a specific area. It is clear that natural resources do not last forever. Turkey is one of the most biologically diverse countries in the temperate zone. More than one third of species found in Turkey are endemic, native to the region. So Turkey is like a kind of small continent in terms of biodiversity. It is also rich as biodiversity with 120 mammals, 469 bird species, 130 reptiles, 400 fishes and 4000 endemic of 11000 plants species. However, this gene pool is threatened by genetic erosion as in some other parts of the world. The primary objective of germplasm conservation depends on genetic diversity. The importance of biodiversity is highlighted.

The Impacts of Environment on Plant Products

Plan t species depend on specific environment conditions to optimum growing. There are various agricultural areas that comprised from plant species which originated in climatically quite different regions. Plants absorb many elements from soil which have biological function and some of them are known as toxic also at low amounts. In case of environmental conditions change, plants will response as changing some of their metabolic activities. So that some of the quality parameters will change. Some of the plants can adopt as well as reasonable values, but some of them will be affected negatively. Although human are not able to or has limits to change ecological situations, they also able to recognize some characteristics of plants and again can develop new plant species and regulate or eliminate some of the harmful effects of environment on plant quality parameters for adaptation to different climatic conditions. If we know the effects of ecological conditions on plants, the definition and improvement of plant quality parameters will be easy. Therefore plants are the basic place of food chain; there are some sorrows about their quality and credibility.

Environmental Precesion: Importance of Worm Manure in Sustainable Agriculture

Agricultural production is one of the main factors which have significant on environment. Sustainable agricultural systems combine traditional methods and modern techniques to provide a continuous and economic production by considering natural resources and all the environment components. Using of pesticides and chemical fertilizers in agriculture are main pollutant factors to environment due to negative effects on human health, environment security, soil quality and increased pathogen resistance. Soil fauna includes worm, protozoa, nematode etc. animals. Many of worm species fed by residues such as crops, animal wastes, sewage sludge, industrial refuse etc. mediums while Eisenia fetida (Savigny) is mostly live in organic wastes and known as an accelerator for waste stabilization by decomposition, mineralization, nitrogen transformations and includes various enzyme, vitamins, amino acids, growing regulators which lead to better medium for plant growing as vermiculture. Besides an increasing tendency for using of worm manure and its developing industry, their lifecycle and activities are studied extensively over world while less studied in Turkey especially about importance in sustainable agricultural systems. Present paper reviews using of worm manure to provide sustainable environment systems which is an issue for human health by functional food production and application of environmental friend production systems.