Ali Seven

Immediate breastfeeding and skin-to-skin contact during cesarean section decreases maternal oxidative stress, a prospective randomized case-controlled study

Abstract Objective: Immediate skin-to-skin contact (ISSC) and early breastfeeding are recommended for the wellbeing of the neonate. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of ISSC and early breastfeeding on maternal oxidative stress and postoperative pain. Methods: A total of 90 patients were randomized into two groups based on the timing of skin-to-skin contact and breastfeeding. Group 1 (n = 45) was provided ISSC and breastfeeding in the operating room during the cesarean section (C/S). Group 2 (n = 45) breastfed their babies 1 h after the C/S. As markers of oxidative stress, maternal serum levels of total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS) and oxidative stress indices (OSI) were evaluated. Maternal oxytocin levels and the relation between these parameters and postoperative pain were also evaluated. Results: The postoperative TAS levels were significantly higher, whereas TOS and OSI levels were lower in Group 1 than Group 2. Negative correlations between oxytocin level and postoperative TOS and OSI were observed, as was a positive correlation between oxytocin level and postoperative TAS. Conclusions: The effect of ISSC and early breastfeeding on mothers was documented for the first time in this study. Our results demonstrated ISSC and early breastfeeding during C/S reduce maternal oxidative stress.

Effect of injectable medroxyprogesterone acetate and etonogestrel implants on GABA-A and serotonin receptors in white and gray matter of the brain: experimental study in rats.

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the time-dependent effect of progesterone-only contraceptives on the brain and to obtain an improved understanding of mood disorders experienced under this medication. A total of 66 Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups: etonogestrel (ENG) implant (group 1, n = 30); depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA)-injectable (group 2, n = 30); and control (group 3, n = 6) groups. Groups 1 and 2 were each divided into five subgroups, which were examined every 10 d for up to 50 d after medication administration, to evaluate its time-dependent effect. There was no difference in terms of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and serotonin immunohistochemical staining in white and gray matter among the subgroups of group 1. In group 2, there was a significant decrease in serotonin receptor staining intensity in white and gray matter on day 50, when compared to the control group (p = 0.041). When the subgroups of group 2 were compared, there was a significant decrease in serotonin receptor staining intensity in white and gray matter on days 40 and 50 when compared to day 10. In conclusion, we showed that ENG and MPA have no effect on apoptosis and GABA-A receptors in the brain. We also showed that MPA has time-dependent effects on serotonin receptors, which may be a possible mechanism involved in mood disorders during long-term usage of injectable progesterone-only contraceptives.

Alterations in nasal mucociliary activity in polycystic ovary syndrome

OBJECTIVES Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. It can affect various organ systems, and respiratory mucosa has been reported as being hormone responsive. STUDY DESIGN A case-control study consisting of 50 women with PCOS and 30 control subjects matched for age and body mass index was conducted, in order to investigate nasal mucociliary clearance time (NMCT) in patients with PCOS. Serum basal hormonal-biochemical parameters and NMCT were evaluated on menstrual cycle days 2-5 for all participants. RESULTS The mean NMCT in PCOS and control groups was 10.45±2.88 and 6.92±1.78, respectively (p=0.0001). A significant positive correlation was found between NMCT and duration of disease (r=0.52; p=0.001), serum total testosterone level (r=0.28; p=0.04), and luteinizing hormone/follicle stimulating hormone (r=0.29; p=0.04). CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that PCOS is associated with altered NMCT. Prolonged NMCT predisposes patients to respiratory tract and middle ear infections, and clinicians should be aware of this.

Do Bmı or Waıst-to-Hıp Ratıo Interfere wıth The Number of Oocytes Retrıeved ın IVF Cycles?

The effect of obesity on ovarian response to ovulation induction and on in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcome is controversial. This controversy might stem from the fact that almost all studies on the subject use body mass index (BMI) for obesity measurement. We aimed to determine which obesity measure predicts the possible effect of obesity on ovarian response in IVF patients. In this retrospective study, patients who presented for IVF and underwent an antagonist protocol were included. Their histories and cycle properties were recorded, as well as their BMI and waist-tohip (W/H) ratios. A total of 35 patients were included. While normal BMI significantly lowered the gonadotropin dose, normal W/H ratio increased the antral follicle count (AFC). Both BMI and W/H ratio did not significantly affect either the number of oocytes retrieved or the metaphase II oocytes. Ovulation induction during IVF cycles can overcome the adverse effects of obesity on ovarian reserve. Large-sample-sized, well-designed studies must be performed to clarify the best obesity measurement method for infertility treatment and to determine the real effect of obesity on IVF success.

Is BMI Sufficient to Evaluate the Association between Obesity and Ovarian Reserves

Body fat content and distribution might have an effect on ovarian reserves. Here, we studied the effects of body fat distribution on the antral follicle count (AFC) of women who consulted for infertility. In this two-center study, the ovarian reserves of patients who came to the hospital for infertility treatment was evaluated based on their AFC and early follicular phase follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels. In addition, adiposity was evaluated using their body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratios (WHRs), the subcutaneous tissue thickness of the bicipital and tricipital regions, and the body adiposity index (BAI). Body fat distribution was evaluated using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). We evaluated 58 patients in this study. While we failed to show a relationship between BMI and WHR based on the AFC, there was a significant relationship between body fat percentage and the AFC. The AFC in patients with < 35% body fat and 35% body fat was 11.54 ± 4.27 and 9.00 ± 3.95, respectively (p = 0.029). There was no significant relationship between the AFC and the WHR, BAI, and bicipital and tricipital subcutaneous tissue thickness. BMI may not reflect the adiposity of every patient. When evaluating the ovarian reserves of patients, we must consider other measures of obesity that reflect body fatness. Further large studies must be conducted to investigate the relationship between body fat and infertility.