Ali Solmaz

Protective and therapeutic effects of resveratrol on acetic acid-induced gastric ulcer.

Sprague Dawley rats of both sexes were injected with either saline or RVT (10 mg/kg) either before or after acetic acid ulcer induction and decapitated 3, 5 or 10 days after ulcer. In the saline-treated ulcer groups, macroscopically evident ulcers were observed, while RVT-pretreated or RVT-treated groups had lower macroscopic ulcer scores. Likewise, the microscopic damage scores were lower for the RVT-administered groups. Gastric myeloperoxidase activity, malondialdehyde, collagen and tumour necrosis factor-alpha levels, as well as luminol- and lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence levels that were elevated in the saline-administered ulcer groups, were depressed with both RVT-pretreatment and RVT-treatment. Moreover, depleted glutathione levels in the ulcer groups were increased back to control levels by both pre- and post-treatments of RVT. Results demonstrate that resveratrol has both protective and therapeutic effects on oxidative gastric damage by suppressing pro-inflammatory cascades, including the activation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, accumulation of neutrophils and release of oxygen-derived free radicals.

Nesfatin-1 improves oxidative skin injury in normoglycemic or hyperglycemic rats

Hyperglycemia is one of the major causes of suppressed angiogenesis and impaired wound healing leading to chronic wounds. Nesfatin-1 a novel peptide was reported to have antioxidant and anti-apoptotic properties. This study is aimed to investigate the potential healing-promoting effects of nesfatin-1 in non-diabetic or diabetic rats with surgical wounds. In male Sprague-Dawley rats, hyperglycemia was induced by intraperitoneal (ip) injection of streptozotocin (55 mg/kg). Under anesthesia, dorsum skin tissues of normoglycemic (n=16) and hyperglycemic rats were excised (2 × 2 cm, full-thickness), while control rats (n=16) had neither hyperglycemia nor wounds. Half of the rats in each group were treated ip with saline, while the others were treated with nesfatin-1 (2 μg/kg/day) for 3 days until they were decapitated. Plasma interleukin-1-beta (IL-1β), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β-1), IL-6 levels, and dermal tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) levels, myeloperoxidase (MPO) and caspase-3 activity were measured. For histological examination, paraffin sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin or Massons trichrome and immunohistochemistry for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was applied. ANOVA and Students t-tests were used for statistical analysis. Compared to control rats, skin MPO activity, MDA and caspase-3 levels were increased similarly in saline-treated normo- and hyperglycemic rats. Nesfatin-1 depressed MDA, caspase-3, MPO activity and IL-1β with concomitant elevations in dermal GSH and plasma TGF-β-1 levels. Histopathological examination revealed regeneration of epidermis, regular arrangement of collagen fibers in the dermis and a decrease in VEGF immunoreactivity in the epidermal keratinocytes of nesfatin-1-treated groups. Nesfatin-1 improved surgical wound healing in both normo- and hyperglycemic rats via the suppression of neutrophil recruitment, apoptosis and VEGF activation.

Relation of binge eating disorder with impulsiveness in obese individuals

AIM To investigate the levels of impulsiveness, and the relationship between the binge eating disorder (BED) and the levels of impulsiveness in obese individuals. METHODS Two hundred and forty-one obese patients who were included in the study and candidate for bariatric surgery (weight loss surgery) were clinically interviewed to identify the BED group, and patients were divided into two groups: Those with BED and those without BED. The comorbidity rate of groups was determined by using structured clinical interview for DSM-IV (SCID-I). A sociodemographic data form including the story of previous psychiatric treatment, structured clinical interview for DSM-IV (SCID-I), Beck Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 were applied to both of the groups. RESULTS In regard to 241 obese individuals included in the study, total score and score of attention subscale for BED (+) group were significantly high (P < 0.05). In addition, suicide attempt, story of psychiatric consultation, and score for BDI were again significantly high in the BED (+) group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION In assessment of obese individuals, assessment of associated psychopathology such as impulsive characteristics and suicide attempt in addition to disrupted eating behaviors will allow to have a more extensive view.

Comparison of Short-Term Results of Laparoscopic Gastric Plication andIntragastric Balloon

Introduction: Management of obesity is difficult problem for doctors and patients. There are many methods for dealing with obesity. Intragastric Balloon (IB) is interventional and nonsurgical way of promoting weight loss in obese patients. Laparoscopic Gastric Plication (LGP) is most physiologic surgical method of bariatric surgery. This study aimed to evaluate and compare these two restrictive methods. Methods: Ninety-five obese patients (34 male and 61 female) included in this study. We compared patients treated with IB (n=52) and LGP (n=43). Data on patient demography, change in Body Mass Index (BMI) and %excess weight loss (%EWL) of 1st and 6th months were collected. Results: The study had started with 69 patients for IB group, but 4 (5.7%) of them did not tolerate the insertion and 13 had removed the balloon early after insertion (n=13 (20%)) were excluded from the study. There were 52 patients left in IB group and 43 patients in plication group. There were no statistically difference between IB and plication groups in terms of age (p=0.132), sex (p=0.262) and BMI (p=0.081). Change in total body weight (TBW), BMI and %excessive weight loss (EWL) parameters were statistically different in favor of the plication group. Conclusion: Our clinical experience has suggested that LGP and IB are effective in loss of weight in obese patients in short term. IB has an advantage of being done outpatient and has fewer complications, but it is less effective on weight loss compared to LGP. Prospective, randomized control trials are needed to choose best way.

Endoscopic management of dysphagia in plummer–vinson syndrome

Plummer-Vinson syndrome (PVS), (also called Paterson-Brown-Kelly syndrome or sideropenic dysphagia) is an extremely rare syndrome which includes iron-deficiency anemia, dysphagia, and esophageal webs. If left untreated, progressive dysphagia can supervene and the patient is at risk of developing pharyngeal or esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma. Treatment consists of supplementation of iron and endoscopic dilations or surgery for the esophageal web. We describe the case of a 17-year-old women with PlummerVinson syndrome whose dysphagia was successfully treated with endoscopic dilation. She remains in good general condition 3 months after treatment.

Süperior mezenterik arter sendromu: Olgu sunumu

The superior mesenteric artery (SMA) syndrome, Wilkie’s syndrome, is produced by a mechanical obstruction of the duodenum when the third part of the duodenum is trapped between the aorta and the proximal part of SMA. It was first described by Carl Freiherr von Rokitansky in 1861. It is seen when the angle between the abdominal aorta and the SMA is 6°-25° (normal value:38°-56°). It is estimated to be seen in about 0.3 % of upper gastrointestinal investigations, but only approximately 0.01-0.08 % are symptomatic. Symptoms are anorexia, bloating, nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain and weight