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Dive into the research topics where Alice G. Bergman is active.

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Featured researches published by Alice G. Bergman.


The American Journal of Medicine | 1983

Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis in neutropenic patients: Reduction of infections and effect on bacterial and fungal flora

Carol A. Kauffman; Marcia K. Liepman; Alice G. Bergman; Jeanne Mioduszewski

Abstract A prospective, randomized study was undertaken in neutropenic patients to evaluate the efficacy of prophylactic trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole in reducing infections and to assess the effect of prophylaxis on bacterial and fungal flora. Fifty-five patients with leukemia, lymphoma, or solid tumors randomly received either one single-strength trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole tablet twice daily or no drug for the period of expected neutropenia. Trimethoprim/ sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis did not significantly reduce the mean number of febrile days per patient, but did decrease the number of documented infections. The control group experienced 28 infections, including 11 bacteremias and seven infection-associated deaths; the group that received trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole had seven infections, including two bacteremias and no infection-related deaths. Patients treated with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole had no enteric gram-negative bacillary infections compared with 12 infections in the control group. Fungal infections occurred in four control patients but only in one patient who received trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Surveillance cultures revealed that trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis did not lead to colonization with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas, or fungi. Colonization with filamentous fungi was common in both groups and was related to season of the year rather than prophylactic antibiotic therapy. In conclusion, trimethoprim/ sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis reduced infectious episodes in neutropenic patients without increasing the risk of fungal and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole-resistant gram-negative bacillary infections.


Gerontology | 1984

Fever in the elderly. Production of leukocytic pyrogen by monocytes from elderly persons

Paula G. Jones; Carol A. Kauffman; Alice G. Bergman; Christine M. Hayes; Matthew J. Kluger; Joseph G. Cannon

In an attempt to explain the diminished febrile response of the elderly, we studied the first step in fever generation, that of production of leukocytic pyrogen (LP) by monocytes. Monocytes from 25 healthy elderly volunteers (ages 65-91) and 24 healthy young volunteers (ages 17-38) were stimulated with Staphylococcus epidermidis to release LP; LP activity in the culture supernatants was assayed by measuring the pyrogenic response in rabbits and rats and the fall in plasma iron and zinc in rats. Monocytes from elderly volunteers produced slightly less LP than monocytes from young volunteers, but the difference was not statistically significant. The amount of LP produced was not correlated with age. Therefore, the diminished febrile response of the elderly is not the result of an intrinsic defect in the monocytes ability to make LP. Other explanations relating to the central effect of LP and the effector response to LP in the elderly should be sought.


Mycoses | 2009

Effect of Prophylactic Ketoconazole and Nystatin on Fungal Flora

Carol A. Kauffman; Paula G. Jones; Alice G. Bergman; L. S. McAuliffe; Marcia K. Liepman

Summary: The effect of prophylactic antifungal drugs on oropharyngeal and anterior nares fungal colonization was studied in 20 patients receiving nystatin and 19 patients receiving ketoconazole. Surveillance cultures were obtained weekly for a mean of 27.1 ± 4.8 days in the nystatin group and 44.0 ±6.7 days in the ketoconazole group. Initially, 63.2% of nystatin patients and 77.8% of ketoconazole patients had yeasts in their oropharynx. Neither drug eliminated oropharyngeal yeast colonization; by the end of the first four weeks of surveillance, 66.7% of the nystatin group and 63.6% of the ketoconazole group still had yeasts in the oropharynx. However, both drugs caused a reduction in the quantity of yeasts grown on successive cultures. Filamentous fungi were isolated in baseline cultures in 42.1% of the nystatin patients and 33.3% of the ketoconazole patients. Prophylaxis did not appear to alter carriage of filamentous fungi in the upper airways. Pathogenic filamentous fungi were only rarely isolated, and this rate did not increase with prophylaxis. Resistance to polyene antifungals (nystatin, amphotericin B) or to ketoconazole did not occur as a result of prophylaxis.


Developmental and Comparative Immunology | 1981

Lymphocyte subpopulations in the ferret.

Carol A. Kauffman; Alice G. Bergman

Abstract Several different surface markers were sought on ferret lymphocytes. Using a technique which attaches complement to zymosan particles, 16.7% of peripheral blood lymphocytes and 15% of splenic lymphocytes exhibited receptors for complement. Receptors for the Fc portion of IgG, measured by an assay using antibody coated sheep erythrocytes, were found on 11.7% of peripheral blood lymphocytes and 34.8% of splenic lymphocytes. Using an indirect fluorescent antibody technique, surface immunoglobulin was detected on 13.4% of peripheral blood lymphocytes and 10.3% of splenic lymphocytes. Spontaneous “T” lymphocyte rosettes were sought unsuccessfully using erythrocytes from 16 different animals. These studies increase our understanding of the ferret immune system and provide methods for the in vitro separation of lymphocyte subpopulations in ferrets.


Annals of Internal Medicine | 1987

Nosocomial infection by gentamicin-resistant Streptococcus faecalis: an epidemiologic study

Marcus J. Zervos; Carol A. Kauffman; Patricia M. Therasse; Alice G. Bergman; Teresa S. Mikesell; Dennis R. Schaberg


JAMA Internal Medicine | 1984

Efficacy of ketoconazole v nystatin in prevention of fungal infections in neutropenic patients.

Paula G. Jones; Carol A. Kauffman; Lawrence S. McAuliffe; Marcia K. Liepman; Alice G. Bergman


Arthritis & Rheumatism | 1991

Defective CD2 pathway T cell activation in systemic lupus erythematosus

David A. Fox; Jo Ann Millard; Jonathan Treisman; Wendy Zeldes; Alice G. Bergman; J M Depper; Robert Dunne; William J. McCune


American Journal of Clinical Pathology | 1981

Detection of Cryptococcal Antigen: Comparison of Two Latex Agglutination Tests

Carol A. Kauffman; Alice G. Bergman; Perry J. Severance; Kenneth D. McClatchey


Archives of Dermatology | 1984

Dermatitis due to Sporobolomyces Infection

Alice G. Bergman; Carol A. Kauffman


The American review of respiratory disease | 1979

Antimicrobial resistance of Haemophilus species in patients with chronic bronchitis.

Carol A. Kauffman; Alice G. Bergman; Constance S. Hertz

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Dennis R. Schaberg

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

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J M Depper

National Institutes of Health

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