Alicem Tekin

Effect of pneumatic tube delivery system rate and distance on hemolysis of blood specimens.

We evaluated the effects of pneumatic tube system (PTS) transport rates and distances on routine hematology and coagulation analysis. PTS effects on centrifuged blood samples were also examined.

Comparison of the antibacterial effect of silver sulfadiazine 1%, mupirocin 2%, Acticoat and octenidine dihydrochloride in a full-thickness rat burn model contaminated with multi drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii.

In this study, our aim is to compare the efficacy of different topical antibacterial agents in a rat model contaminated with a multi drug resistant (MDR) standard Acinetobacter baumannii strain. The study was carried out on 40 Sprague-Dawley rats of 250-300 g each. For the purposes of this study, the rats were divided into 5 groups, with 8 rats in each group: Group 1 control; Group 2 silver sulfadiazine; Group 3 mupirocin; Group 4 Acticoat group; and Group 5 octenidine dihydrochloride group. Following to the formation of the full-thickness burn areas in rats, the MDR A. baumannii standard strain was inoculated into the burned area. The rats in all the groups were sacrificed at the end of the 10th day and subjected to histopathological and microbiological evaluation. In the histopathological evaluation, the lowest inflammatory cell response and bacterial density in the eschar and muscle tissues were observed in the Acticoat group. While these results were found to be statistically significant compared to the silver sulfadiazine group, only the bacterial density in the muscle tissue was found as significant in comparison to the mupirocin and octenidine groups. In the microbiological evaluation, the lowest growth in the muscle tissue culture among all the groups was observed in the Acticoat group. The growth in the eschar tissue culture was significantly lower in the Acticoat and octenidine groups in comparison to the silver sulfadiazine group. At the end of the study, it has been observed that Acticoat was effective both in eschar and muscle, while octenidine was effective in eschar tissues in a rat burn model contaminated with MDR A. baumannii.

HBsAg, anti-HCV, anti-HIV 1/2 and syphilis seroprevalence in healthy volunteer blood donors in southeastern Anatolia

INTRODUCTION This study investigated the seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg), antibody against hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV), antibody against human immunodeficiency virus type 1/2 (anti-HIV 1/2), and antibody against Treponema pallidum (anti-Treponemal or syphilis antibody) in healthy volunteer blood donors, and assessed their distribution according to the years and genders. METHODOLOGY HBsAg, anti-HCV, anti-HIV ½, and syphilis screening results of a total of 266,035 healthy volunteer blood donors who had been admitted for blood donation to the Regional Blood Center of Dicle University Hospital between January 2000 and December 2010 were evaluated, retrospectively. HBsAg, anti-HCV, and anti-HIV 1/2 screening were performed using a fully automated device with the microparticle enzyme immunoassay method (MEIA). Syphilis screening was performed by Rapid Plasma Reagin (RPR) carbon test between January 2000 and December 2009, and by using a fully automated device with the MEIA method between January 2010 and December 2010. RESULTS Of 266,035 healthy volunteer blood donors, 259,384 (97.5%) were male and 6,651 (2.5%) were female. Statistically, there was not any significant difference between male and female genders for HBsAg, anti-HCV and syphilis seropositivities (P = 0.729, P = 0.748, and P = 0.861, respectively). HBsAg was found to be positive in 8,422 (3.17%), anti-HCV in 1,703 (0.64%), anti-HIV 1/2 in one (0.0004%) of 266,035 healthy volunteer blood donors, and syphilis antibody with RPR in 166 (0.07%) of 246,341 healthy volunteer blood donors. CONCLUSION Blood donor forms should be carefully tailored to improve the identification of possible risks of transfusion-transmitted infections.

Bir devlet hastanesi çalışanlarında HBV, HCV ve HIV seroprevalansı

Objectives: In present study was aimed to investigate the seroprevalences of hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among healthcare workers in Mardin Obstetric and Children Hospital between 2008 and 2009. Methods: In sera samples obtained from 180 healthcare workers, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs), HCV antibody (antiHCV) and HIV antibody (anti-HIV) markers were tested by chemiluminescent immunoassay with Advia Centaur (Siemens) autoanalyser. Results: We found HBsAg positive and anti-HBs negative in 2 healthcare workers (1.1%); HBsAg negative and antiHBs positive in 123 healthcare workers (68.3%); HBsAg negative and anti-HBs negative in 55 healthcare workers (30.6%); 2 healthcare workers (1.1%) anti-HCV antibody positive in 115 (63.3%) girls and 65 (36.7%) boys on the way total 180 healthcare workers. None of these patients found HIV antibody. It was also seen that 107 (59.4%) healthcare workers had anti-HBs positivity due to vaccination and 16 (8.9%) healthcare workers without vaccination. As the HBsAg positivity rate was detected expected low, anti-HBs positivity rate was detected expected high. Conclusion: As a result, healthcare workers are not at risk more than normal population for hepatitis B and C in our hospital. However, standard infection control programs and immunization should be applied for the protection of both patients and healthcare workers. J Clin Exp Invest 2010; 1(2): 99-103

The effect of hyperbaric oxygen treatment on the healing of burn wounds in nicotinized and nonnicotinized rats.

The importance of oxygen in wound healing and the negative effects of cigarette smoking have been demonstrated in various studies. In this study, our aim was to investigate the effect of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) treatment on wound healing in nicotinized and nonnicotinized rats. The study was conducted on 32 Sprague Dawley rats. The rats were divided into four groups, with eight rats in each: group 1, nonnicotinized rats; group 2, nonnicotinized rats treated with HBO2; group 3, nicotinized rats; and group 4, nicotinized rats treated with HBO2. To prepare the nicotinized groups, the rats were given nicotine for 28 days. At the end of day 28, standard, deep, second-degree to third-degree burns were created on the rats. The HBO2-treated groups underwent HBO2 treatment once a day for 7 days after the creation of the burn damage. All rats were killed 21 days after injury, and the burns were subjected to macroscopic, histopathological, and microbiological evaluation. During this evaluation, the smallest necrotic areas and the lowest rate of fibrosis were observed in group 2. The largest necrotic areas and the highest inflammation and fibrosis rates were observed in the nicotine-treated group 3. When the nicotinized and nonnicotinized groups were compared separately, there was a significant difference in favor of the groups treated with HBO2. Bacterial growth was the highest in the nicotinized group 3, whereas no statistically significant difference was observed among the other groups. We conclude that HBO treatment accelerates the recovery of burn wounds and provides more effective healing by reducing the development of scars both in nicotinized and nonnicotinized rats.

Kırşehir bölgesindeki dispeptik hastalarda Helicobacter pylori antijen prevalansı

Objectives: To compare endothelial changes after penetrating keratoplasty (PK) and deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) in clear corneal graft. Methods: In this study, fifty six eyes undergone DALK (DALK Group) and eighty two eyes undergone PK (PK Group) due to various reasons are included. After operation at 1st, 12th, 24th and 36th month central corneal endothelial cell density (CD) and variability coefficient(CV) value examined by specular microscopy of clear graft which have not had additional surgery, greft rejection or glaucoma during follow up period were compared. Results: Endothelial cell density in DALK group were 2426p587 cell/mms 2289p579 cell/mms, 2222p541 cell/mms, 2175p521 cell/mms, in PK group were 2595p589 cell/mms, 2064p583 cell/mms, 1759p510 cell/mms 1509p494 cell/mms at 1st, 12th, 24th and 36th month respectively. Decrease in CD values were 5.9% at 12th month, 7.5% at 24th month and 9.4% at 36th month comparing with first month in DALK group. Decrease in CD values were 18.4% at 12th month, 30.2% at 24th month and 40.3% at 36th month comparing with first month in PK group. Variability coefficient (CV) values in group DALK were 23.3p6.2, 24.2p6.4, 24.2p6.1 and 24.5p5.6 at 1st,12th, 24th and 36th month respectively. Variability coefficient (CV) values in group PK were 19.6p3.4, 23.2p5.4, 25.9p6.2 and 27.5p5.7 at 1st,12th, 24th, and 36th months respectively. Conclusion: More polymegatism and more decrease in endothelial cell density with time were assessed in grafts undergone PK compared with grafts undergone DALK.Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of fracture type and angular deterioration on the outcome of calcaneal fractures. Materials and methods: Thirty-two patients (23 males, 9 females; mean age 45 years) with calcaneus fractures retrospectively reviewed. Twenty-four fractures were closed, and eight fractures were open. Bohler and Gissane angles were measured using patient’s before, and after reduction X-ray films. According to the EssexLopresti classification there were three type I, 14 type II, and 15 type III fractures. Five patients were treated with casting (Group I), 19 patients with closed reduction K-wire application (Group II), and 8 patients with plate fixation. Final clinical outcome were assessed by Maryland Foot Score. Mean follow-up period was 109 weeks.Amac: Bu calismada kalsipotriol-betametazon dipropionat ile tedavi edilen plak psoriazisli olgularda doku duzeyinde hucresel immunitenin ve serumda sitokin duzeylerinin rolunun arastirilmasi amaclandi. Gerec ve yontem: Calismaya plak tip psoriazisli 20 olgu alindi. Hastalarin tedavi oncesi ve sonrasi psoriatik lezyonlari ile saglam deriden biyopsi ve periferik kan ornekleri alindi. Bulgular: Immunohistokimyasal incelemede, CD4+, CD8+ ve CD25+ T lenfositler, tedavi oncesi lezyonlu dokuda saglam doku ve tedavi sonrasi doku ile kiyaslandiginda anlamli bir sekilde yuksekti (sirasiyla, p0.05). Sonuc: Calismamizda lezyonlu deride CD4+ ve CD8+ hucre birikimi oldugunu ve CD4+ T lenfositlerin daha hâkim hucre grubu oldugu gosterildi. Uygulanan topikal tedavinin etkinligine paralel olarak lezyonlarda duzelme olmasi ve lezyonlu bolgelerde CD4+ ve CD8+ T hucrelerinde anlamli bir azalma meydana gelmesi, Th lenfositlerin hastaligin immunopatogenezinde onemli rolunun oldugu tezini desteklemektedir. Ancak, sonuclarimiz, hastaligin kronik ozelligi ile uyumlu olarak T hucrelerin dokuda yine de yeterince kaldigini ve topikal tedavinin hastaligin aktivasyonunu engelleyemedigini gostermektedir.

Bir hastanede gaita örneklerinde direkt mikroskopik inceleme ve ELISA ile Entamoeba histolitika araştırılması

Objectives: Stool antigen assay has been shown to be as sensitive and specific as culture with isoenzyme analysis and to outperform microscopy for the detection of E.histolytica in endemic area. The aim of the present study is to investigate the presence of E.histolytica by direct microscopic examination and ELISA in stool samples, comparatively. Materials and methods: Between September 2010 and May 2011, a total of 975 stool samples of patients in different age groups were sent to microbiology laboratory

Mardin\'de doğurganlık çağındaki kadınlarda toksoplazma ve rubella antikor seroprevalansı

Objectives: In present study, we investigated the seroprevalence of the antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii and Rubella virus, which may cause congenital infections in risk groups including childbearing age women in a period of two years. Materials and Methods: The samples of sera, which were taken from risk groups including pregnant and childbearing age women admitted to our hospital during May 2008 and April 2010, were tested for antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii and Rubella virus. Anti-Toxoplasma IgM/IgG and anti-Rubella IgM/IgG antibodies were assayed with chemiluminescent method by autoimmunanalyzer (Advia Centaur, Siemens) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Results: Seroprevalences of IgM and IgG for Toxoplasma gondii (n=3.474) were found as 4.6% and 17.5%, respectively. Seroprevalences of IgM and IgG for Rubella virus (n=3.460) were found as 0.95% and 76.5%, respectively. Conclusion: Widespread population screening may contribute to the prevention of congenital infections due to Toxoplasma gondii and Rubella virus. Because of the high seropositivity of Toxoplasma gondii and Rubella virus in childbearing age women, preventive measures should be implemented. J Clin Exp Invest 2010; 1(2): 81-85

Evlilik öncesi yapılan tarama testi sonuçlarının değerlendirilmesi

Objectives: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Hepa titis B and Hepatitis C viruses and Treponema pallidum are parenterally and sexually transmitted infection agents. Screening test is made before marriage to pre-marital couples legally under the relevant legislation and legal procedures in our country; applicants are evaluated in terms of sexually transmitted diseases. The aim of this study is to evaluate pre-marital test results for HBsAg, anti-HCV, anti-HIV I/II and Treponema pallidum.

In vitro susceptibility to methicillin, vancomycin and linezolid of staphylococci isolated from bloodstream infections in eastern Turkey

Staphylococcus species are one of the major causes of bacterial bloodstream infections. Multi-resistant staphylococci infections are major therapeutic problems. This study was aimed to detect methicillin, linezolid and vancomycin susceptibilities of Staphylococcus isolates. A total of 870 Staphylococcus strains isolated from blood cultures of hospitalized patients with BSI. Antimicrobial susceptibilities of methicillin, linezolid and vancomycin were detected according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). A total of 771 (88.6%) isolates were coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS). 700 (80.5%) isolates were methicillin-resistant (MR) and 170 (19.5%) were methicillin-susceptible (MS). All the MS isolates were also susceptible to linezolid. However 15 (1.7%) of MR strains were resistant to linezolid. The minimum inhibitory concentration range for the linezolid-resistant isolates by Etest was 6–32 μg/mL. The difference between linezolid susceptibilities for MS and MR staphylococci was not quite statistically significant (p = 0.052). There was no statistically significant difference between S. aureus and CoNS isolates for linezolid susceptibility. All of the isolates were susceptible to vancomycin. In conclusion, linezolid is currently an efficient option for the treatment of methicillin-resistant staphylococci infections.