Alix Heiniger

Geneva"s philanthropists around 1900: a field made of distinctive but interconnected social groups

This article analyses the social profile of Genevas philanthropists around 1900. It shows that, contrary to what the literature on philanthropy argues, philanthropists belonged to varied social groups defined by diverse forms of capital (economic, social and cultural) and were involved in philanthropic activities related to their social status. Together, those philanthropists formed a social field. They were connected to each other and even needed to collaborate on specific issues. The article argues that interconnections between actors reinforced their social position. By examining this field through both quantitative and qualitative methods, the article highlights relationships and ties between actors and shows how they collaborated on the basis of commonly held principles.

Les communistes allemands et leur héritage politique en RDA au prisme du genre

En RDA, le Parti socialiste unifie (SED) a construit sa legitimite a exercer le pouvoir sur l’heritage de la lutte de ses militants contre le nazisme. Cet article analyse les dimensions genrees de cet heritage politique en s’interessant aux acteurs et actrices du combat contre le nazisme en exil en Europe de l’Ouest pendant la guerre. En revenant sur l’histoire de ces militantes et militants, puis en examinant quels roles leur sont attribues dans la reconstruction a posteriori des evenements, il montre que la figure du resistant allemand n’est pas neutre du point de vue du genre, notamment dans le lien etabli entre combativite et masculinite. L’article replace ce rapport entre lutte et figure masculine du militant dans l’histoire longue du Parti communiste allemand.