Aliya Nur Hasanah

Determination of uric acid level by polyaniline and poly (allylamine): Based biosensor

The uric acid biosensor has been much developed by immobilizing uricase enzyme into the membrane of conductive polymer and the membrane of polyelectrolyte such as polyaniline (PANI) and poly (allylamine) (PAA) respectively. The purpose of this research was to create a new amperometric uric acid biosensor by immobilization of uricase in combination between PANI and PAA membranes. The working electrode was Pt plate (0.5 mm). The auxiliary and the reference electrode were Pt wire 0.4 mm and Ag/AgCl respectively. Uricase, uric acid, PAA, pyrrole and glutaraldehyde were supplied from Sigma. All other chemical was obtained from Merck. The biosensor was created by immobilizing of uricase by a glutaraldehyde crosslinking procedure on PANI composite film on the surface of a platinum electrode while the polyelectrolyte layer of PAA were prepared via layer-by-layer assembly on the electrode, functioning as H2O2-selective film. Standard of deviation, coefficient of variation (CV) and coefficient of correlation (r) analysis were used in this study. The biosensor had a good linearity with a correlation coefficient of 0.993 and it could be used up to 27 times with the CV value of 3.97%. The presence of other compounds such as glucose and ascorbic acid gave 1.3 ± 1.13% and 3.27 ± 2.29% respectively on the interference effect toward the current response of uric acid biosensor. The polymer combination of PANI and PAA can be used as a selective matrix of uric acid biosensor.

Lactobacillus plantarum IS-10506 probiotic administration increases amlodipine absorption in a rabbit model

Objective Probiotics are beneficial in human health. In this study, we investigated the effect of probiotics on absorption of amlodipine, a dihydropyridine calcium antagonist used in the treatment of angina and hypertension, in a rabbit model. Methods Lactobacillus plantarum IS-10506 probiotic was administered for 14 days to male New Zealand rabbits. Blood samples were collected before and after probiotic supplementation. Amlodipine (10 mg) was then administered to all groups. Blood samples from a marginal vein were withdrawn at 5, 15, 30, 60, and 120 minutes to determine amlodipine concentrations in rabbit plasma. Results Amlodipine concentrations in the L. plantarum IS-10506 group were 4.95 ± 1.22, 8.71 ± 0.69, and 12.48 ± 2.53 ng/ml, and those in the control group were 1.69 ± 0.31, 3.89 ± 1.23, and 7.17 ± 1.85 ng/ml at 30, 60, and 120 minutes, respectively after administration of amlodipine. Amlodipine concentrations in the L. plantarum IS-10506 group were significantly higher than those in the control group at 30, 60, and 120 minutes after amlodipine administration. Conclusion Our results suggested that supplementation of L. plantarum IS-10506 significantly increases amlodipine plasma concentrations in rabbits.

Design of Optical Sensor Membrane Based on Polymer Poly(methyl methacrylate) for Paracetamol Detection in Traditional Herbal Medicine

Generally, regulation states that herbal medicines are remedies containing plants or preparation of plants as active ingredients only. Paracetamol is one of the drugs that is frequently added in herbal medicine to enhance the effect as an analgesic. The government regulation disallows chemical drugs contained in herbal medicine due to the toxic effect of uncontrolled consumption. On this study, the optical sensor membrane from polymer poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) was synthesized by phase inversion method and was used to detect paracetamol in herbal medicine. PMMA was made in three different concentrations 5%, 7.5%, and 10% and was mixed with ferric chloride (FeCl3), Folin-Ciocalteu, and Nessler reagent as specific colorimetric reagents for paracetamol detection, with a ratio of solvent:reagent was 6:4; 7:3; and 8:2. The result of the experiment shows that PMMA-FeCl3 7.5% (7:3), PMMA-Folin 5% (6:4), and PMMA-Nessler 5% (6:4) give the best performance for paracetamol detection. Real herbal medicine samples were analyzed to confirm the practical application of this sensor, and the result shows good agreement with UV-Vis data. The results show that optical sensor membrane which has been developed can be used as new detection method of paracetamol for community application.

Optimasi Kondisi Pemisahan Glibenklamid Kombinasi Metformin dalam Plasma Darah Menggunakan KCKT

Glibenklamid merupakan obat antidiabetika golongan sulfonilurea yang umumnya dianalisis dengan metode Kromatografi Cair Kinerja Tinggi (KCKT), kromatografi cair-spektrometri massa, elektroforesis kapiler dan spektrofotometri ultraviolet-visibel. Analisis menggunakan instrumen membutuhkan pretreatment sampel, diantaranya dengan ekstraksi cair-cair dan ekstraksi fase padat atau Solid Phase Extraction (SPE). Salah satu kekurangan SPE yaitu selektivitas metode ini tergantung dari pemilihan penjerap yang didasarkan pada kemampuannya berikatan dengan analit. Kekurangan SPE tersebut diperbaiki dengan teknik Molecularly Imprinted Polymer (MIP). SPE-MIP glibenklamid telah dibuat dengan menggunakan monomer fungsional, asam metakrilat (MAA). Oleh karena itu penelitian ini dilakukan untuk optimasi kondisi pemisahan glibenklamid menggunakan SPE-MIP dengan monomer asam metakrilat yang telah dibuat pada penelitian sebelumnya. Penelitian dilakukan melalui tahapan penyiapan alat dan bahan, optimasi kondisi dan uji kesesuaian sistem KCKT, optimasi kondisi ekstraksi, validasi metode analisis, serta analisis data statistik. Hasil analisis glibenklamid kombinasi metformin yang dipreparasi dengan SPE-MIP monomer asam metakrilat memberikan hasil yang memenuhi persyaratan seperti analisis glibenklamid kombinasi metformin yang dipreparasi dengan SPE C-18. SPE C-18 dan SPE-MIP MAA berbeda nyata dalam memperoleh kondisi optimum ekstraksi glibenklamid. Kata kunci : Asam metakrilat, glibenklamid, KCKT, SPE-MIP