Alvin S. Kanofsky

Ionization Measurements in a Helium Streamer Chamber

A measurement of the density of ionization produced in a helium streamer chamber by singly charged particles as a function of momentum, helium pressure, and high voltage delay time is described. The results are compared with expected theoretical values based on the Bethe formula.

Radiation effects on proton-exchange waveguides

We have measured the effects of electrons on LiNbO3 proton exchange waveguides. We have measured the attenuation and polarization component cross talk out of situ. These measurements were made using the 3 MeV Lehigh University Van de Graaff Facility.

Radiation Effects on LiNbO3 Devices

We report here the results of irradiating LiNb03 optical devices. Various types of devices were irradiated. These include wave guides, bidirectional couplers, and delta beta switches. The radiation used was gamma rays and electrons. The experimental techniques and the results are described below.

Possibility of particle acceleration by laser beams along crystal channel axis

The possibility of particle acceleration along crystal channel axis is discussed. Rough estimates of the output beam intensity are made using two different methods.

Solid state micro-detectors for high energy experiments☆

Abstract A new integrated circuit type solid state micro-detector is proposed. Its use in high energy experiments is discussed.

Use of a streamer chamber to study particle-nuclei interactions

Abstract The use of a streamer chamber to detect all charged particles and nuclear fragments from high energy particle-nuclei collisions is discussed. Performance results from a recent experimental run using this technique are presented.

Radiation effects on polymer waveguides: accelerated aging tests

We report accelerated aging tests of nonlinear optical polymer planar waveguides subjected to electron irradiation at doses up to 25 MRad(Si). The decay of the second-order optical nonlinearity of dye-doped poly(methyl methacrylate) films was monitored by second-harmonic generation with the temperature maintained near the glass transition temperature. The results indicate a decreased orientational stability of the chromophores in irradiated PMMA films.

Proton radiation effects on various electro-optical devices

We have measured the effects of electron and proton radiation on LiNbO3 electro-optical devices. These include waveguides, switches, Mach-Zender interferometers, etc., of both Ti indiffused and proton exchange construction. The effects of continuous and pulsed beam in situ and out of situ were measured.

Radiation effects on polymer waveguides

We report on the effects of electron irradiation at doses up to 44 MRad on planar waveguides fabricated from nonlinear optical polymers. The second-order optical nonlinearity was measured by second-harmonic generation before and after irradiation of two types of polymeric waveguides: one fabricated from a guest-host polymer and the other from a main- chain polymer. Mechanisms for observed effects are discussed.

Radiation effects on dynamical behavior of LiNbO3 switching devices

The dynamical properties of LiNbO3 switches were measured as a function of radiation. The devices are titanium indiffused delta beta switches. Measurements of the gamma radiation level using radiation monitors indicate a total dose of less than 100 rad for a 5-min gamma exposure. The dc levels attenuate for the unswitched case, but not to the same degree that the switched signals do. With pulsed beam, a pulsed attenuation of the signal is evident.