Amara Mumtaz

Carbonic anhydrase inhibition by 1-aroyl-3-(4-aminosulfonylphenyl)thioureas.

Abstract A series of 1-aroyl-3-(4-aminosulfonylphenyl)thioureas containing free sulfonamide group has been evaluated for their ability to inhibit bovine carbonic anhydrase II (bCA, EC 4.2.1.1). All compounds in the series were able to inhibit bCA II, the most active inhibitor had IC50 value of 0.26 ± 0.01 µM. Molecular docking studies and detailed structure–activity relationship studies were carried out. The absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion (ADME) properties, as a predictor of oral absorption, were computationally calculated and compared with the clinically used drug acetazolamide.

Synthesis, characterization of some new 1-aroyl-3-(4-aminosulfonylphenyl)thioureas and crystal structure of 1-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)- 3-(4-aminosulfonylphenyl)thiourea

A small library of novel 1-aroyl-3-(4-aminosulfonylphenyl)thiourea derivatives was synthesized by the reaction of sulfanilamide with substituted aroyl isothiocyanates in dry acetonitrile. The scope of the reaction was indicated by the synthesis of 1-undecanoyl-3-(4-aminosulfonylphenyl)thiourea, an acyl derivative involving alkanoyl isothiocyanate. All the compounds have been characterized by analytical and spectroscopic methods and in one case by single-crystal X-ray diffraction data.

Chaetomium endophytes: a repository of pharmacologically active metabolites

Fungal endophytes are group of fungi that grow within the plant tissues without causing immediate signs of disease and are abundant and diverse producers of bioactive secondary metabolites. The Chaetomium genus of kingdom fungi is considered to be a rich source of unique bioactive metabolites. These metabolites belong to chemically diverse classes, i.e., chaetoglobosins, xanthones, anthraquinones, chromones, depsidones, terpenoids and steroids. Cheatomium through production of diverse metabolites can be considered as a potential source of antitumor, cytotoxic, antimalarial, antibiotic and enzyme inhibitory lead molecules for drug discovery. This review covers isolation of Cheatomium endophytes, extraction and isolation of metabolites and their biological activities.

Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Activities of Creatinine Amides and Creatinine Schiff Bases

BACKGROUND In spite of substantial progress in scientific cognizance and medical technology, still infectious diseases are among the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Creatinine and Schiff bases are well known for their diverse range of biological activities and thought to be emerging and useful therapeutic target for the treatment of several diseases. METHODS The present work was aimed to illustrate the influence of substitution of amides and Schiff bases on creatinine and their antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-urease effectiveness was determined. Creatinine substituted amides (1-2) and creatinine Schiff bases (3-7) were synthesized and characterized by NMR and IR spectral data in combination with elemental analysis. All the compounds (1-7) were investigated on Jack bean urease for their urease inhibitory potential. Investigation of antimicrobial activity of the compounds was made by the agar dilution method. Moreover, 1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method was used to determine their antioxidant potential. Molecular docking studies were also carried out to elucidate their relationship with the binding pockets of the enzyme. RESULTS The compounds were found to be potent inhibitors of urease. The synthesized derivatives exhibited significant inhibition against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains, as compared to standard, ciprofloxacin. Creatinine based derivatives exhibited potential antifungal activity when tested on infectious and pathogenic fungal strains. Similarly, most of the compounds exhibited good antioxidant activity. CONCLUSION These derivatives may serve as a source of potential antioxidants and also help to retard microbial growth in food industry. Similarly, the studies provide a basis for further research to develop more potent urease inhibitory compounds of medicinal /agricultural interest.

3,4,5-Trimethoxy­benzohydrazidium chloride

The title compound, C10H15N2O4 +·Cl−, was obtained as an unexpected by-product during the synthesis of 1-[2-(substituted aryl)]-3-methylpyrazol-5-ones. The hydrazide group is essentially planar, with an r.s.m. deviation of 0.020 (2) Å, and is oriented at a dihedral angle of 30.52 (3)° with respect to the benzene ring. In the crystal structure, the cations and anions are linked through N—H⋯O and N—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds, forming a molecular tape running along the b axis.

Synthesis, molecular modelling and biological evaluation of tetrasubstituted thiazoles towards cholinesterase enzymes and cytotoxicity studies

Alzheimer is a neurodegenerative disease and requires the development of new scaffold to treat it. In this regard, thiazoles derivative are playing their significant role. In the current research paper we have focused our attention for the development of tetrasubstituted thiazole (3a-h) derivatives using domino synthesis by mixing the thiourea as a precursor, with acetophenone in the presence of iodine and tosic acid in DMSO and refluxed for 12-22 h. The structures of the newly synthesized compounds were confirmed by FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and EIMS analysis. Thiazole derivatives were analyzed for their biological significances against acetyl and butylcholinesterase enzymes and compound 3b and 3d were found more active against these enzyme, respectively. The mode of inhibition was determined for the potent compounds against both the enzymes. Moreover, the molecular docking studies were carried out to explore the interactive behavior of the compounds within the active pocket of enzymes. Furthermore, the derivatives (3a-h) were evaluated for their anticancer potential against HeLa cancer cell lines. Most potent inhibition was observed by compound 3b.

Ethyl 4-[3-(2-methyl­benzo­yl)thio­ureido]benzoate

The molecular conformation of the title compound, C18H18N2O3S, is stabilized by an intramolecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bond. The crystal packing shows centrosymmetric dimers connected by N—H⋯S hydrogen bonds. The terminal ethoxy substituents are statistically disordered [occupancy ratio 0.527 (5):0.473 (5)].

Fungal Metabolites and Leishmaniasis: A Review

Among the most neglected tropical diseases in the world, one is leishmaniasis, which is caused by parasites that belongs to protozoans of the genus Leishmania. Leishmaniasis can be controlled profoundly by using chemotherapeutic agents which includes pentavalent antimonials, paromomycin, pentamidine, amphotericin B and miltefosine, as it depends greatly on it. The only oral drug used with high cure rate is miltefosine used for the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis but its observed susceptibility decrease in countries like India where it is extensively used. Hence, the development of novel antileishmanial agents with good potency and better therapeutic profile is very necessary. Here we review diverse classes of secondary metabolites, focusing on antiparasitic compounds, biosynthesized by fungi. Mini-review Article Fatima et al.; BJPR, 12(2): 1-12, 2016; Article no.BJPR.26094 2