Ammar I. Alsabery

Natural Convection Flow of a Nanofluid in an Inclined Square Enclosure Partially Filled with a Porous Medium

This work analyses free convection flow of a nanofluid in an inclined square enclosure consisting of a porous layer and a nanofluid layer using the finite difference methodology. Sinusoidal temperature boundary conditions are imposed on the two opposing vertical walls. Nanofluids with water as base and Ag or Cu or Al2O3 or TiO2 nanoparticles are considered for the problem. The related parameters of this study are the Darcy number, nanoparticle volume fraction, phase deviation, amplitude ratio, porous layer thickness and the inclination angle of the cavity. A comparison with previously published work is performed and the results are in good agreement. Detailed numerical data for the fluid flow and thermal distributions inside the square enclosure, and the Nusselt numbers are presented. The obtained results show that the heat transfer is considerably affected by the porous layer increment. Several nanoparticles depicted a diversity improvement on the convection heat transfer.

Conjugate heat transfer of Al2O3–water nanofluid in a square cavity heated by a triangular thick wall using Buongiorno’s two-phase model

The present study investigates the conjugate heat transfer in a square cavity heated by a triangular solid and saturated with

MHD convective heat transfer in a discretely heated square cavity with conductive inner block using two-phase nanofluid model

\text{Al}_2\text{O}_3

Effects of two-phase nanofluid model on MHD mixed convection in a lid-driven cavity in the presence of conductive inner block and corner heater

Al2O3–water nanofluid. Two-phase Buongiorno’s model is used for modeling the nanofluid heat transfer. The finite element method is used for numerical solution of the dimensionless governing equations subject to the boundary conditions. Comparisons of the proposed method with previously published experimental and numerical works show a good agreement. The effects of some parameters such as the Rayleigh number, thermal conductivity ratio, dimensionless triangular wall thickness and nanofluid volume fraction on heat transfer and nanoparticle distributions are completely studied and discussed. The results show clockwise rotations for streamlines and nanoparticle migration. Also the Nusselt number increases with the nanofluid volume fraction. A continuous reduction is seen for the mean Nusselt number by increasing the dimensionless triangular wall thickness for all the considered values of the Rayleigh number.

Numerical Investigation of Mixed Convection and Entropy Generation in a Wavy-Walled Cavity Filled with Nanofluid and Involving a Rotating Cylinder

Purpose This paper aims to study analytically and numerically the problem of transient natural convection heat transfer in a trapezoidal cavity with spatial side-wall temperature variation. Design/methodology/approach The governing equations subject to the initial and boundary conditions are solved numerically by the finite difference scheme consisting of the alternating direction implicit method and the tri-diagonal matrix algorithm. The left sloping wall of the cavity is heated to non-uniform temperature, and the right sloping wall is maintained at a constant cold temperature, while the horizontal walls are kept adiabatic. Findings It is shown that the heat transfer rate increases in non-uniform heating increments, whereby low wave number values are more affected by the convection. The best heat transfer enhancement results from larger side wall inclination angle; however, trapezoidal cavities require longer time compared to that of square to reach steady state. Originality/value The study of natural convection heat transfer in a trapezoidal cavity filled with nanofluid and heated by spatial side-wall temperature has not yet been undertaken. Thus, the authors of the present study believe that this work is valuable.

Effects of Nonuniform Heating and Wall Conduction on Natural Convection in a Square Porous Cavity Using LTNE Model

The problem of steady, laminar natural convection in a discretely heated and cooled square cavity filled by an alumina/water nanofluid with a centered heat-conducting solid block under the effects of inclined uniform magnetic field, Brownian diffusion and thermophoresis is studied numerically by using the finite difference method. Isothermal heaters and coolers are placed along the vertical walls and the bottom horizontal wall, while the upper horizontal wall is kept adiabatic. Water-based nanofluids with alumina nanoparticles are chosen for investigation. The governing parameters of this study are the Rayleigh number (103 ≤ Ra ≤ 106), the Hartmann number (0 ≤ Ha ≤ 50), thermal conductivity ratio (0.28 ≤ kw ≤ 16), centered solid block size (0.1 ≤ D ≤ 0.7) and the nanoparticles volume fraction (0 ≤ ϕ ≤ 0.04). The developed computational code is validated comprehensively using the grid independency test and numerical and experimental data of other authors. The obtained results reveal that the effects of the thermal conductivity ratio, centered solid block size and the nanoparticles volume fraction are non-linear for the heat transfer rate. Therefore, it is possible to find optimal parameters for the heat transfer enhancement in dependence on the considered system. Moreover, high values of the Rayleigh number and nanoparticles volume fraction characterize homogeneous distributions of nanoparticles inside the cavity. High concentration of nanoparticles can be found near the centered solid block where thermal plumes from the local heaters interact.

Inclination angle effect on natural convection in a square cavity partially filled with non-Newtonian fluids layer

The problem of entropy generation analysis and natural convection in a nanofluid square cavity with a concentric solid insert and different temperature distributions is studied numerically by the finite difference method. An isothermal heater is placed on the bottom wall while isothermal cold sources are distributed along the top and side walls of the square cavity. The remainder of these walls are kept adiabatic. Water-based nanofluids with Al2O3 nanoparticles are chosen for the investigation. The governing dimensionless parameters of this study are the nanoparticles volume fraction (0≤ϕ≤0.09), Rayleigh number (103≤Ra≤106), thermal conductivity ratio (0.44≤Kr≤23.8) and length of the inner solid (0≤D≤0.7). Comparisons with previously experimental and numerical published works verify a very good agreement with the proposed numerical method. Numerical results are presented graphically in the form of streamlines, isotherms and local entropy generation as well as the local and average Nusselt numbers. The obtained results indicate that the thermal conductivity ratio and the inner solid size are excellent control parameters for an optimization of heat transfer and Bejan number within the fully heated and partially cooled square cavity.

Natural convection in polygonal enclosures with inner circular cylinder

This paper investigates a steady mixed convection in a lid-driven square cavity subjected to an inclined magnetic field and heated by corner heater with an inserted square solid block. Water–Al