Ana Andrade

Abuse and maltreatment in the elderly.

INTRODUCTION The aging population is increasing worldwide, but the abuse and mistreatment in the elderly (often silenced forms) has also been increasing, with strong implications for their quality of life. OBJECTIVE To identify forms of abuse and ill-treatment in the elderly, as well as the determinants of these abuses. METHODOLOGY This is a quantitative study, of the non-experimental, descriptive, cross-sectional type attended by 135 Portuguese elderly. It uses the Family APGAR Scale and the Question to Elicit Elder Abuse (QEEA), which was applied between January and June 2013, in the elderly residing in the central of Portugal. RESULTS The data shows that 23.5% of the elderly have suffered some kind of abuse, these being especially of the emotional kind and neglect. We also found that the most abused elders were unmarried and widows, those who had lower academic qualifications, those who reported feeling lonely and less healthy and even those who perceive to integrate families with some degree of dysfunction. CONCLUSION We found that the abuse and mistreatment are present in the everyday life of many seniors and are a difficult subject to approach. The evidence, invite us to reflect on the development of intervention strategies, particularly at the levels of emotional abuse, neglect, promotion of health and family functioning in order to contribute to the reduction or extinction of abuse and ill-treatment in the elderly.

Effectiveness of cleaning or disinfecting the urinary meatus before urinary catheterization: a systematic review

Las infecciones del tracto urinario asociadas con cateterismo son muy comunes en el contexto comunitario y hospitalario. Actualmente existen varias recomendaciones para su prevencion. Sin embargo, las dudas persisten en la eleccion del soluto utilizado en el meato urinario antes del cateterismo. Por lo tanto, este estudio trata de determinar la eficacia de la limpieza del meato urinario con agua/solucion salina comparativamente con su asepsia, mediante la realizacion de una revision sistematica con meta-analisis. Para lo cual, se siguieron los principios propuestos por el Manual Cochrane, el analisis critico realizado por dos investigadores y el analisis estadistico utilizando el programa STATA 11.1. Podemos concluir que la limpieza o desinfeccion del meato urinario antes del cateterismo no es estadisticamente significativo (OR=1,07, 95%CI=0,68-1,68, p=0,779) existiendo algunas evidencias de que el uso de agua/solucion salina reduce las tasas de ITU.The urinary tract infections associated with catheterization are very common in hospital and home care contexts. Currently there are several recommendations for its prevention, however, when approaching the kind of solute used in the urinary meatus prior to catheterization doubts continue to persist. Thus this study aimed at determining the effectiveness of cleaning the urinary meatus with water or saline comparing to its sterilization through a systematic review and meta-analysis. In order to do so, the principles proposed by the Cochrane Handbook were followed, a critical analysis was conducted by two researchers and the statistical analysis was performed with the use of STATA 11.1. We concluded that the cleaning or disinfection of the urinary canal prior to bladder catheterization is not statistically significant (OR=1.07, CI 95%=0.68-1.68, p=0.779) and that there is some evidence that the use of water/saline reduces rates of UTI (urinary tract infection).

Eficacia da limpeza ou desinfecao do meato urinario antes da cateterizacao urinaria: revisao sistematica

Las infecciones del tracto urinario asociadas con cateterismo son muy comunes en el contexto comunitario y hospitalario. Actualmente existen varias recomendaciones para su prevencion. Sin embargo, las dudas persisten en la eleccion del soluto utilizado en el meato urinario antes del cateterismo. Por lo tanto, este estudio trata de determinar la eficacia de la limpieza del meato urinario con agua/solucion salina comparativamente con su asepsia, mediante la realizacion de una revision sistematica con meta-analisis. Para lo cual, se siguieron los principios propuestos por el Manual Cochrane, el analisis critico realizado por dos investigadores y el analisis estadistico utilizando el programa STATA 11.1. Podemos concluir que la limpieza o desinfeccion del meato urinario antes del cateterismo no es estadisticamente significativo (OR=1,07, 95%CI=0,68-1,68, p=0,779) existiendo algunas evidencias de que el uso de agua/solucion salina reduce las tasas de ITU.The urinary tract infections associated with catheterization are very common in hospital and home care contexts. Currently there are several recommendations for its prevention, however, when approaching the kind of solute used in the urinary meatus prior to catheterization doubts continue to persist. Thus this study aimed at determining the effectiveness of cleaning the urinary meatus with water or saline comparing to its sterilization through a systematic review and meta-analysis. In order to do so, the principles proposed by the Cochrane Handbook were followed, a critical analysis was conducted by two researchers and the statistical analysis was performed with the use of STATA 11.1. We concluded that the cleaning or disinfection of the urinary canal prior to bladder catheterization is not statistically significant (OR=1.07, CI 95%=0.68-1.68, p=0.779) and that there is some evidence that the use of water/saline reduces rates of UTI (urinary tract infection).

Validation of Emotional Intelligence Measure (MIE) for the Portuguese population.

OBJECTIVE To describe the process of validating Emotional Intelligence Measurement (MIE) Scale for Portuguese senior citizens. DESIGN Observational, cross-sectional quantitative study. FRAMEWORK Senior citizens attending senior universities and from the community in the district of Viseu. PARTICIPANTS 1084 subjects participated with a mean age of 72.98 years, residing in the district of Viseu, no longer involved in formal activities (retired) and participating voluntarily in study. MAIN MEASUREMENTS the Emotional Intelligence Measuring (MIE) Scale, socio-demographic characteristics (age, gender, marital status, residence). An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) of the MIE scale were performed. RESULTS The MIE showed very good internal consistency (Cronbachs alpha=0.952). The main component and rotation factor analysis varimax extracted 36 items and five factors which explain 54.78% of the total variance. After confirmatory factor analysis and re-specification of the model, the global indicator values of the adjustment model for the MIE revealed a quality of good fit (X(2)/df=3.46; RMR=0.025). The final version of the MIE was composed of 33 items and five factors that represent emotional intelligence skills: Factor 1 - Empathy (12 items); Factor 2 - Self-motivation (10 items); Factor 3 - Self-awareness (4 items); Factor 4 - Self-control (4 items); Factor 5 - Sociability (3 items). CONCLUSION The MIE scale is shown to be suitable to assess emotional intelligence in Portuguese senior citizens.

Effectiveness of cleaning or disinfecting the urinary meatus before urinary catheterization: A systematic review = Eficácia da limpeza ou desinfeção do meato urinário antes da cateterização urinária: Revisão sistemática = Eficacia de la limpieza o desinfección del meato: Revisión sistemática

Las infecciones del tracto urinario asociadas con cateterismo son muy comunes en el contexto comunitario y hospitalario. Actualmente existen varias recomendaciones para su prevencion. Sin embargo, las dudas persisten en la eleccion del soluto utilizado en el meato urinario antes del cateterismo. Por lo tanto, este estudio trata de determinar la eficacia de la limpieza del meato urinario con agua/solucion salina comparativamente con su asepsia, mediante la realizacion de una revision sistematica con meta-analisis. Para lo cual, se siguieron los principios propuestos por el Manual Cochrane, el analisis critico realizado por dos investigadores y el analisis estadistico utilizando el programa STATA 11.1. Podemos concluir que la limpieza o desinfeccion del meato urinario antes del cateterismo no es estadisticamente significativo (OR=1,07, 95%CI=0,68-1,68, p=0,779) existiendo algunas evidencias de que el uso de agua/solucion salina reduce las tasas de ITU.The urinary tract infections associated with catheterization are very common in hospital and home care contexts. Currently there are several recommendations for its prevention, however, when approaching the kind of solute used in the urinary meatus prior to catheterization doubts continue to persist. Thus this study aimed at determining the effectiveness of cleaning the urinary meatus with water or saline comparing to its sterilization through a systematic review and meta-analysis. In order to do so, the principles proposed by the Cochrane Handbook were followed, a critical analysis was conducted by two researchers and the statistical analysis was performed with the use of STATA 11.1. We concluded that the cleaning or disinfection of the urinary canal prior to bladder catheterization is not statistically significant (OR=1.07, CI 95%=0.68-1.68, p=0.779) and that there is some evidence that the use of water/saline reduces rates of UTI (urinary tract infection).

EFICACIA DE LA LIMPIEZA O DESINFECCIÓN DEL MEATO URINARIO ANTES DEL CATETERISMO URINARIO: REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA

Las infecciones del tracto urinario asociadas con cateterismo son muy comunes en el contexto comunitario y hospitalario. Actualmente existen varias recomendaciones para su prevencion. Sin embargo, las dudas persisten en la eleccion del soluto utilizado en el meato urinario antes del cateterismo. Por lo tanto, este estudio trata de determinar la eficacia de la limpieza del meato urinario con agua/solucion salina comparativamente con su asepsia, mediante la realizacion de una revision sistematica con meta-analisis. Para lo cual, se siguieron los principios propuestos por el Manual Cochrane, el analisis critico realizado por dos investigadores y el analisis estadistico utilizando el programa STATA 11.1. Podemos concluir que la limpieza o desinfeccion del meato urinario antes del cateterismo no es estadisticamente significativo (OR=1,07, 95%CI=0,68-1,68, p=0,779) existiendo algunas evidencias de que el uso de agua/solucion salina reduce las tasas de ITU.The urinary tract infections associated with catheterization are very common in hospital and home care contexts. Currently there are several recommendations for its prevention, however, when approaching the kind of solute used in the urinary meatus prior to catheterization doubts continue to persist. Thus this study aimed at determining the effectiveness of cleaning the urinary meatus with water or saline comparing to its sterilization through a systematic review and meta-analysis. In order to do so, the principles proposed by the Cochrane Handbook were followed, a critical analysis was conducted by two researchers and the statistical analysis was performed with the use of STATA 11.1. We concluded that the cleaning or disinfection of the urinary canal prior to bladder catheterization is not statistically significant (OR=1.07, CI 95%=0.68-1.68, p=0.779) and that there is some evidence that the use of water/saline reduces rates of UTI (urinary tract infection).