Ana Cristina Pereira de Jesus Costa

Correlation between antrhopometric indicators and blood pressure in adolescents

The objective of the present study was to analyze the correlation between anthropometric indicators and blood pressure of adolescents from Imperatriz, state of Maranhao, Brazil. It is a quantitative cross-sectional study, developed between September and November of 2012 with 218 students. We used a questionnaire to collect data regarding identification, anthropometrics, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Considering blood pressure, we found that 4.6%, 2.4% and 1.3% of the sample were included in the borderline, stage 1 and stage 2 hypertension categories, respectively. Among female participants, body adiposity index and skinfold presented higher mean values than those of their male counterparts. Furthermore, we observed a positive correlation between systolic blood pressure and height (r=0.18), weight (r=0.20) and waist circumference (r=0.17), and a negative correlation between diastolic blood pressure and body adiposity index (r=-0.18). The measures of neck and waist circumference were the only anthropometric measures with positive and simultaneous correlations with systolic blood pressure for both genders. DESCRIPTORS: Arterial pressure. Adolescent. School health.

Vulnerabilidade de adolescentes escolares às DST/HIV, em Imperatriz - Maranhão

The aim of this study was to investigate the vulnerability of adolescent students related to sexually transmitted diseases (STD) and the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), identifying the main risk behaviors and prevention. This quantitative, cross-sectional study was performed in three public schools in Imperatriz--Maranhão, with 295 adolescents, using a structured questionnaire. The results show that: most young people (86.3%) who used a condom the last time they had intercourse, usually keep this practice, 82.8% of adolescents who understand the concept of HIV protect themselves against these infections and believe the main form of contamination is through sex, infected blood or through the placental barrier. We conclude that most teenager participants showed coherent knowledge about sexual practices and risk behaviors that make them vulnerable to STD/HIK presenting a positive aspect for the prevention of these diseases.

Protagonismo de adolescentes na prevenção de doenças sexualmente transmissíveis

Objective: To analyze the protagonism of school adolescents in preventing sexually transmitted diseases. Methods: This is a qualitative action-research study, which was developed with ten adolescents (aged 15-16 years) from a public school. The data were collected from focus groups, interviews, and observation, being analyzed by using the discourse analysis technique. Results: The adolescents testimonies revealed that they participated in planning of the educational intervention, and defined and organized the school environment. In addition, they prepared materials and themes for use in the preventive actions against sexually transmitted diseases, which generated a feeling knowledge on theObjetivo Analisar o protagonismo de adolescentes escolares na prevencao de doencas sexualmente transmissiveis. Metodos Estudo qualitativo do tipo pesquisa-acao desenvolvido com dez adolescentes, com idade entre 15 e 16 anos, de uma escola publica. Os dados foram coletados em grupos focais, entrevistas e observacao e analisados na tecnica de analise do discurso. Resultados Os depoimentos revelaram que os adolescentes protagonizaram suas participacoes no planejamento da intervencao educativa, definindo e organizando o espaco educativo escolar, e confeccionando materiais e temas a serem utilizados nas acoes de prevencao as doencas sexualmente transmissiveis, gerando um sentimento de dominio sobre o assunto. Conclusao Os participantes do estudo apresentaram protagonismo na elaboracao de atividades de prevencao de doencas sexualmente transmissiveis no ambiente escolar.

Percepções de adolescentes grávidas sobre o papilomavírus humano: estudo exploratório

Aim: To analyze the perception of pregnant teenagers in relation to human papillomavirus (HPV). Method: This is an exploratory and qualitative study, conducted between April and May 2012 in the home area of the Family Health Strategy team of the city Imperatriz/MA. Data were obtained through interviews with nine pregnant teenagers in their homes. For the data, we used content analysis. Results: it was noticeable that the conceptions of pregnant adolescents regarding HPV are still confusing and erroneous, since they attribute common characteristics of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) to HPV, not knowing how to define what its specific characteristics are. They have absolutely no knowledge in terms of the implications that the virus can bring during pregnancy. Conclusion: HPV is still a matter of much uncertainty for adolescents with regard to the issues surrounding it, especially during pregnancy, which increases the vulnerability of young pregnant women to the virus. Descriptors: Adolescents; Pregnancy; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Nursing.Aim: To analyze the perception of pregnant teenagers in relation to human papillomavirus (HPV). Method: This is an exploratory and qualitative study, conducted between April and May 2012 in the home area of the Family Health Strategy team of the city Imperatriz/MA. Data were obtained through interviews with nine pregnant teenagers in their homes. For the data, we used content analysis. Results: it was noticeable that the conceptions of pregnant adolescents regarding HPV are still confusing and erroneous, since they attribute common characteristics of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) to HPV, not knowing how to define what its specific characteristics are. They have absolutely no knowledge in terms of the implications that the virus can bring during pregnancy. Conclusion: HPV is still a matter of much uncertainty for adolescents with regard to the issues surrounding it, especially during pregnancy, which increases the vulnerability of young pregnant women to the virus. Descriptors: Adolescents; Pregnancy; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Nursing.

PERFIL DOS ÓBITOS POR TUBERCULOSE PULMONAR EM UM MUNICÍPIO DO NORDESTE BRASILEIRO DURANTE O PERÍODO DE 2005-2014

The purpose of this study was to identify the profile of pulmonary tuberculosis deaths in a city in the Brazilian Northeast during the period from 2005 to 2014. This is a descriptive, exploratory, documental study with a quantitative approach carried out through the Mortality Information System considering a sample of 37 deaths caused by pulmonary tuberculosis. Data were processed using simple descriptive statistics. Z prevalence of deaths with a mean age of 60 years old was observed, with predominance of the pulmonary form, with no mention of bacteriological or histological confirmation (81.0%), males (65.0%), mixed race/color (67.0%), single (51.0%), and a predominant part had a high school education (32.0%) and were retired (32. 0%). It was also observed that most deaths occurred in hospital (73.0%), with medical assistance before death (76.0%), and the largest portion was assisted by an attending physician (38.0%) and the absolute majority of deaths (94.0%) were not submitted to necropsy. This investigation revealed the profile of a population fatally affected by pulmonary tuberculosis, evidencing important epidemiological aspects to be considered in terms of health service management and organization in order to provide equity in access, social development and intensification of disease control actions.

Factors Associated With Body Image Perception Among Brazilian Students From Low Human Development Index Areas

This study aimed to evaluate sociodemographic, behavioral, and individual factors associated with body image perception in a sample of adolescents from schools in low Human Development Index areas in Brazil. This cross-sectional study included 609 boys and 573 girls (aged 11–17 years). Body image perception (nine-silhouettes scale) and sociodemographic, behavioral, and individual variables were included. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used. Most boys (76.9%) and girls (77.5%) were dissatisfied with their body image. Body mass index status and healthy body image evaluation were significantly associated with body image dissatisfaction in both boys and girls (p < .001), and daily fruit consumption was associated with body image dissatisfaction only in boys (p = .035). Education and health care focused on body image can pay special attention to young people from vulnerable areas with unhealthy nutritional status and focus on strategies that enable improving the perception of a healthy body and a healthy diet.

Deaths by tuberculosis in a priority city for disease control in the Brazilian Northeast: sociodemographic-operational characteristics and vulnerable territories.

Introduction: Incorporating spatial approaches into epidemiological research is a challenge in public health research. The goal in this study was to analyze the spatial distribution of cases of deaths by tuberculosis in Imperatriz – MA (Brazil) and to characterize these events according to sociodemographic and operational characteristics. Methods: In this ecological study, all deaths from tuberculosis as the primary cause registered in the Mortality Information System from 2005 to 2014 were considered. The research variables were subject to descriptive analysis, point density analysis (Kernel Intensity Estimation) and area analysis. Results: Fifty cases of deaths by TB were identified, particularly the pulmonary clinical form. Male patients were predominant, with a median age of 59 years, mulatto race/color, single, who had finished secondary education. Most deaths happened at the hospital, with medical care before death and without autopsy. Most events happened at the hospital, with medical care delivery by an assistant physician and without autopsy. The point density revealed heterogeneity in the spatial distribution of the deaths, with rates of up to 2.33 deaths/km2. The area analysis by census sector presented age standardized mortality rates of 0.00 to 4.00 deaths/100,000 inhabitants-year. Conclusion: The results contributed to the knowledge on the spatial distribution of cases of deaths by Tuberculosis and their characteristics in the research scenario. The importance of space is highlighted as a methodological alternative to support the planning, monitoring and assessment of health actions, targeting interventions to the control of the disease in vulnerable territories. Keywords: Tuberculosis; Health Information Systems; Mortality; Spatial analysis.

CORRELAÇÃO ENTRE INDICADORES ANTROPOMÉTRICOS E PRESSÃO ARTERIAL DE ADOLESCENTES

The objective of the present study was to analyze the correlation between anthropometric indicators and blood pressure of adolescents from Imperatriz, state of Maranhao, Brazil. It is a quantitative cross-sectional study, developed between September and November of 2012 with 218 students. We used a questionnaire to collect data regarding identification, anthropometrics, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Considering blood pressure, we found that 4.6%, 2.4% and 1.3% of the sample were included in the borderline, stage 1 and stage 2 hypertension categories, respectively. Among female participants, body adiposity index and skinfold presented higher mean values than those of their male counterparts. Furthermore, we observed a positive correlation between systolic blood pressure and height (r=0.18), weight (r=0.20) and waist circumference (r=0.17), and a negative correlation between diastolic blood pressure and body adiposity index (r=-0.18). The measures of neck and waist circumference were the only anthropometric measures with positive and simultaneous correlations with systolic blood pressure for both genders. DESCRIPTORS: Arterial pressure. Adolescent. School health.

Correlación entre los indicadores antropométricos y presión arterial de los adolescentes

The objective of the present study was to analyze the correlation between anthropometric indicators and blood pressure of adolescents from Imperatriz, state of Maranhao, Brazil. It is a quantitative cross-sectional study, developed between September and November of 2012 with 218 students. We used a questionnaire to collect data regarding identification, anthropometrics, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Considering blood pressure, we found that 4.6%, 2.4% and 1.3% of the sample were included in the borderline, stage 1 and stage 2 hypertension categories, respectively. Among female participants, body adiposity index and skinfold presented higher mean values than those of their male counterparts. Furthermore, we observed a positive correlation between systolic blood pressure and height (r=0.18), weight (r=0.20) and waist circumference (r=0.17), and a negative correlation between diastolic blood pressure and body adiposity index (r=-0.18). The measures of neck and waist circumference were the only anthropometric measures with positive and simultaneous correlations with systolic blood pressure for both genders. DESCRIPTORS: Arterial pressure. Adolescent. School health.

Comissões de controle de infecção hospitalar no interior do Maranhão, Brasil

O objetivo desse artigo e oferecer ao Tecnico em Saude Bucal subsidios cognitivos sobre Modelos de Atencao a Saude como forma de suprir as lacunas deixadas pelos cursos de formacao, os quais muitas vezes focam nos aspectos biologicos, no reconhecimento e atuacao da doenca e na reabilitacao do doenteO objetivo desse artigo e conduzir o Tecnico em Saude Bucal, a partir do modelo de atencao e da logica adotados pelo Sistema Unico de Saude, a reflexao e orientacao de suas praticas cotidianas na vigilância a saudeNo mundo, meio milhao de mulheres morrem por complicacoes da gravidez, parto e puerperio. O objetivo e descrever o indicador de qualidade da assistencia pre-natal no Hospital Regional Materno Infantil de Imperatriz-MA. Apenas 17,29% das mulheres receberam atendimento adequado no pre-natal. Medidas devem ser adotadas para melhorar a qualidade dessa assistencia.Objetivos: Abordar os desafios e as perspectivas do Controle Social no campo da saude com vistas ao desenvolvimento de politicas publicas no Brasil. Metodologia: Revisao literaria na base de dados Scielo, onde foram selecionados artigos completos em lingua portuguesa publicados entre os anos de 1999 a 2012 atraves dos descritores: Controle Social, Mobilizacao Social, Politicas Publicas e Promocao da Saude. Resultados: Apesar de legitimar a participacao popular nas decisoes politicas virtualmente democraticas, as Politicas em Saude marginalizam a construcao simbolica de sujeitos epistemicos capazes de repensar sua realidade e construir dispositivos de mudancas sociais, criando estruturas rigidas incapazes de se moldar conforme a os desejos socialmente construidos. Fica o desafio da construcao de sensibilidade e vinculo, alem de sua introjecao nas instituicoes e Politicas Publicas em Saude, flexiveis ao conhecimento auto-reflexivo e empoderamento sociais. Conclusao: Cabe ampliar o olhar para a construcao de instrumentos e sensibilidades capazes de mobilizar coletivos na luta pelo direito a saude e aos bens coletivos, investindo em metodologias relacionais de construcao da cidadania.Tomando por base as normas regulamentadoras do processo de formacao do curso de graduacao em enfermagem, espera-se que o egresso desse curso desenvolva habilidades e competencias para desempenhar todas as funcoes, descritas nesta pesquisa, visando a reorganizacao da Atencao Basica no pais, de acordo com os preceitos do Sistema Unico de Saude. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo conhecer o perfil do egresso do curso de graduacao de enfermagem, de uma Instituicao Privada de Ensino Superior (IES) de Brasilia/DF, e sua percepcao sobre atencao basica a saude: formacao, motivacao e perspectiva para o mercado de trabalho. A pesquisa do tipo exploratorio e descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa, teve coleta de dados no mes de junho de 2013, por aplicacao de questionario semiestruturado a uma populacao de 61 academicos matriculados no ultimo semestre do curso de graduacao em enfermagem, com curriculos compostos por 08 semestres letivos, contado com 37 desses como amostra para a pesquisa. Foram identificadas diversas atividades durante o curso na abordagem da atencao basica a saude, dentre elas teorica e pratica. Os resultados sustentam discussoes para avaliacao curricular, formacao de docentes e formacao de academicos. Recomenda-se maior insercao do academico em atividades que fomentem seu direcionamento para esse campo de atuacao profissional.