Ana Đorđević-Dikić

The correlation of SYNTAX score by coronary angiography with breast arterial calcification by digital mammography

AIM To evaluate the hypothesis that breast arterial calcification (BAC) may predict coronary artery disease (CAD) severity. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study comprised 102 women >45 years (mean age 62±8 years) referred for digital mammography after coronary angiography. BAC was assessed using the Likert scale and CAD severity was assessed using the SYNTAX (SYNergy between percutaneous coronary intervention with TAXus and cardiac surgery trial) score. RESULTS In comparison to the low SYNTAX score group (≤22) patients with a intermediate-to-high SYNTAX score (>22) were older (p=0.001), they more often had hypercholesterolaemia (p<0.001), diabetes (p=0.021), and a history of smoking (p=0.048). They also had a statistically higher level of fasting blood glucose (p<0.001), glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C; p<0.001), triglycerides (p=0.002), fibrinogen (p=0.001), whereas high-density lipoprotein (HDLc) was lower than in the group with a SYNTAX score ≤22 (p=0.005). BAC was significantly higher in patients with a SYNTAX score >22 (p<0.001). At multivariate analysis, BAC (odds ratio [OR] 34.24, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 8.05-145.7, p<0.001), hypercholesterolaemia (OR 22.65, 95% CI: 4.18-122.81, p<0.001) and fibrinogen (OR 2.55, 95% CI: 1.28-5.07, p=0.008) were independent predictive factors for patients with intermediate-to-high SYNTAX score. CONCLUSIONS In women >45 years, there was a significant correlation between the severity of CAD as evaluated by the SYNTAX score and BAC as evaluated by the Likert scale. BAC, hypercholesterolaemia, and fibrinogen may be used as an additional diagnostic tool to predict the presence and severity of CAD.

Oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein and High Sensitive C-Reactive Protein in Non-Diabetic, Pre-Diabetic and Diabetic Patients in the Acute Phase of the First Myocardial Infarction Treated by Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention / Oksidovani Lipoprotein Niske Gustine I Visokosenzitivni C-Reaktivni Protein Kod Nedijabetičara, Predijabetičara I Dijabetičara U Akutnoj Fazi Prvog Infarkta Miokarda Lečenog Primarnom Perkutanom Koronarnom Intervencijom

Summary Background: Oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) are elevated in diabetes mellitus (DM) and associated with accelerated atherosclerosis. Little is known about their dynamics in the acute phase of ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), especially in relation to the presence of DM and pre-diabetes (pre-DM). This study aimed to analyze timedependent changes in ox-LDL and hs-CRP regarding the presence of pre-DM and DM in STEMI patients treated by primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI). Methods: In 103 consecutive patients with the first anterior STEMI ox-LDL and hs-CRP were measured before pPCI, on day 2 and day 7 after pPCI. Results: Patients were classified into: non-diabetics, pre-diabetics and diabetics. In each group the maximal ox-LDL concentration was found on admission, decreased on day 2 and reached the lowest values on day 7 (p<0.001). Diabetics had the highest ox-LDL concentrations compared to pre-diabetics and non-diabetics (on admission: p=0.028, on day 2: p=0.056, on day 7: p=0.004). hs-CRP concentration rose from admission, reached its peak on day 2 and decreased on day 7, in each group (p<0.001). Significant differences in hs-CRP concentrations were found between non-diabetics and pre-diabetics on admission (p=0.018) and day 2 (p=0.026). In a multivariate analysis DM was an independent determinant of high ox-LDL concentrations. Both ox-LDL and hs-CRP significantly correlated with Killip class, left ventricular ejection fraction, NT-proBNP and peak troponin I. Conclusions: In patients with the first STEMI treated by pPCI there were significant differences in ox-LDL and hs-CRP concentrations between non-diabetics, pre-diabetics and diabetics. Ox-LDL and hs-CRP concentrations were related to heart failure parameters. Kratak sadržaj Uvod: Oksidovani lipoprotein niske gustine (ox-LDL) i vi- sokosenzitivni C-reaktivni protein (hs-CRP) povišeni su u dijabetes melitusu (DM) i povezani sa ubrzanom atero- sklerozom. Malo je poznata njihova dinamika u akutnoj fazi infarkta miokarda sa elevacijom ST segmenta (STEMI), na- ročito uzavisnosti od prisustva DM ili predijabetesa (pre-DM). Ova studija je analizirala promenu koncentracija ox-LDL i hs-CRP u akutnoj fazi STEMI u odnosu na prisustvo pre- DM i DM kod bolesnika lečenih primarnom perkutanom koronarnom intervencijom (pPKI). Metode: Kod 103 konsekutivna bolesnika sa prvim pred- njim STEMI, hs-CRP i ox-LDL mereni su pre pPCI, drugog i sedmog dana nakon pPKI. Rezultati: Bolesnici su podeljeni u tri grupe: nedijabetičari, predijabetičari i dijabetičari. U svakoj grupi maksimalna koncentracija ox-LDL bila je na prijemu, smanjivala se drugog dana i postizala najniže vrednosti sedmog dana (p<0,001). Dijabetičari su uvek imali najviše vrednosti ох- LDL u poređenju sa predijabetičarima i nedijabetičarima (na prijemu: p=0,028, drugog dana: p=0,056 i sedmog dana: p=0,004). Koncentracija hs-CRP je u svakoj grupi rasla od prijema, postizala maksimalne vrednosti drugog dana i smanjivala se sedmog dana (p<0,001). Značajna razlika u koncentraciji hs-CRP između nedijabetičara i predijabetičara registrovana je na prijemu (p=0,018) i dru- gog dana (p=0,026). U multivarijantnoj analizi DM je bio nezavisan prediktor visokih koncentracija ox-LDL. I ox-LDL i hs-CRP su značajno korelisali sa Killip klasom, ejekcionom frakcijom leve komore, koncentracijom NT-proBNP i mak- simalnom vrednošču troponina I. Zaključak: Kod bolesnika sa prvim STEMI lečenim pPKI postojale su značajne razlike u koncentraciji ox-LDL i hs- CRP između nedijabetičara, predijabetičara i dijabetičara. Koncentracije ox-LDL i hs-CRP značajno su korelisale sa parametrima srčane insuficijencije.

Novel assessment tool for coronary artery disease severity during screening mammography

ABSTRACT Breast arterial calcifications (BACs) are common findings on mammography which are associated with an increased risk of the coronary artery disease (CAD). Our aim in the current study was to design measurement instruments of CAD prediction, with or without BACs, and its discriminatory validity in the diagnosis of CAD (expressed by Syntax score) in women. This was observational, prospective study in the women cohort which underwent mammography and angiography. In this study we have demonstrated that the total ‘The Breast Arterial Calcification and Coronary Artery Disease Scale’ (BACCADS) was good additional diagnostic tool for detection of patients with severe CAD.