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Dive into the research topics where Ana Ferrari is active.

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Featured researches published by Ana Ferrari.


Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety | 2004

Time course of brain cholinesterase inhibition and recovery following acute and subacute azinphosmethyl, parathion and carbaryl exposure in the goldfish (Carassius auratus)

Ana Ferrari; Andrés Venturino; Ana M. Pechen de D’Angelo

Laboratory toxicity data contrasting mortality and brain cholinesterase inhibition in the goldfish (Carassius auratus) are presented. Brain cholinesterase (ChE) was greatly reduced after 96 h of exposure in vivo at sublethal concentrations of azinphosmethyl and parathion. The inhibition of the enzyme was dose dependent, and concentrations higher than 0.1mg/L caused more than 90% inhibition. The effect of carbaryl was less pronounced, achieving an 86% inhibition at concentrations corresponding to the 96-h LC50. After in vivo exposure to sublethal concentrations of parathion and azinphosmethyl (0.1 mg/L) and carbaryl (3.0 mg/L), the activity of the goldfish brain ChE was greatly reduced. In the following 96 h of recovery, the enzyme inhibited with carbaryl was restored to 75% activity, while the enzyme inhibited with organophosphates (OPs) required more than 35 days for recovery. Goldfish were able to withstand high percentages of brain ChE inhibition without mortality, suggesting that another target may be responsible for the lethal effects. However, the enzyme is a good biomarker of acute and subacute exposure to OPs and carbamates.


Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology | 2008

Changes in the antioxidant metabolism in the embryonic development of the common South American toad Bufo arenarum: Differential responses to pesticide in early embryos and autonomous‐feeding larvae

Ana Ferrari; Liliana Anguiano; Cecilia Inés Lascano; Verónica Sotomayor; Enrique Rosenbaum; Andrés Venturino

Amphibians may be critically challenged by aquatic contaminants during their embryonic development. Many classes of compounds, including organophosphorus pesticides, are able to cause oxidative stress that affects the delicate cellular redox balance regulating tissue modeling. We determined the progression of antioxidant defenses during the embryonic development of the South American common toad, Bufo arenarum. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities were high in the unfertilized eggs, and remained constant during the first stages of development. SOD showed a significant increase when the gills were completely active and opercular folds began to form. Reductase (GR) activity was low in the oocytes and increased significantly when gills and mouth were entirely developed and the embryos presented a higher exposure to pro‐oxidant conditions suggesting an environmental control. Reduced glutathione (GSH) content was also initially low, and rose continuously pointing out an increasing participation of GSH‐related enzymes in the control of oxidative stress. GSH peroxidases and GSH‐S‐transferases showed relatively high and constant activities, probably related to lipid peroxide control. B. arenarum embryos have plenty of yolk platelets containing lipids, which provide the energy and are actively transferred to the newly synthesized membranes during the early embryonic development. Exposure to the pro‐oxidant pesticide malathion during 48 h did not significantly affect the activity of antioxidant enzymes in early embryos, but decreased the activities of CAT, GR, and the pool of GSH in larvae. Previous work indicated that lipid peroxide levels were kept low in malathion‐exposed larvae, thus we conclude that oxidative stress is overcome by the antioxidant defenses. The increase in the antioxidant metabolism observed in the posthatching phase of development of B. arenarum embryo, thus constitutes a defense against natural and human‐generated pro‐oxidants present in the aquatic environment.


Aquatic Toxicology | 2009

Antioxidant responses to azinphos methyl and carbaryl during the embryonic development of the toad Rhinella (Bufo) arenarum Hensel

Ana Ferrari; Cecilia Inés Lascano; Olga Liliana Anguiano; Ana M. Pechen de D’Angelo; Andrés Venturino

Amphibian embryos are naturally exposed to prooxidant conditions throughout their development. Environmental exposure to contaminants may affect their capacity to respond to challenging conditions, to progress in a normal ontogenesis, and finally to survive and succeed in completing metamorphosis. We studied the effects of the exposure to two anticholinesterase agents, the carbamate carbaryl and the organophosphate azinphos methyl, on the antioxidant defenses of developing embryos of the toad Rhinella (Bufo) arenarum. Reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were increased early by carbaryl, but were decreased by both pesticides at the end of embryonic development. The GSH-dependent enzymes glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidases showed oscillating activity patterns that could be attributed to an induction of activity in response to oxidative stress and inactivation by excess of reactive oxygen species. Glutathione-S-transferases, which may participate in the conjugation of lipid peroxide products in addition to pesticide detoxification, showed an increase of activity at the beginning and at the end of development. Catalase also showed variations in the activity suggesting, successively, induction and inactivation in response to pesticide exposure-induced oxidative stress. Superoxide dismutase activity was increased by carbaryl and transiently decreased by azinphos methyl exposure. Judging from the depletion in GSH levels and glutathione reductase inhibition at the end of embryonic development, the oxidative stress caused by azinphos methyl seemed to be greater than that caused by carbaryl, which might be in turn related with a higher number of developmental alterations caused by the organophosphate. GSH content is a good biomarker of oxidative stress in the developing embryos exposed to pesticides. The antioxidant enzymes are in turn revealing the balance between their protective capacity and the oxidative damage to the enzyme molecules, decreasing their activity.


Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry | 2008

Enhanced esterase activity and resistance to azinphosmethyl in target and nontarget organisms

Olga Liliana Anguiano; Ana Ferrari; Jimena Soleño; María C. Martinez; Andrés Venturino; Ana M. Pechen de D'Angelo; Cristina Mónica Montagna

The organophosphorous compound azinphosmethyl (AzMe) is applied extensively in northern Patagonia (southern Argentina) to manage codling moths (Cydia pomonella). This area is irrigated by fast-flowing channels that provide a favorable habitat for many species, including amphipods (Hyalella curvispina) and a field-mixed population of black flies (Simulium bonaerense, Simulium wolffhuegeli, and Simulium nigristrigatum). In the present study, AzMe susceptibility and carboxylesterase (CarbE) activity from both insecticide-exposed and nonexposed field populations were studied. The median lethal dose determined in codling moths from an insecticide-treated orchard was significantly higher (3.48 microg/insect) than that observed in those from an untreated orchard (0.69 microg/insect). Similarly, the median lethal concentration (LC50) determined in black flies collected from the treated area (0.021 mg/L) was significantly higher than that recorded in those from the untreated site (0.011 mg/L). For amphipods, both a subpopulation susceptible to AzMe (LC50, 1.83 microg/L) and a resistant one (LC50, 390 microg/L) were found in the treated area. Both subpopulations were more resistant to AzMe than the population from the untreated site (LC50, 0.43 microg/L). Significant differences (p < 0.001) in CarbE activities were observed between populations from pesticide-treated and untreated areas. Mean activities +/- standard deviation from treated and untreated sites were 0.21 +/- 0.16 and 0.016 +/- 0.008 micromol/min/mg protein, respectively, for codling moths; 2.17 +/- 1.71 and 0.81 +/- 0.35 micromol/min/mg protein, respectively, for black flies; and 0.27 +/- 0.10 and 0.14 +/- 0.07 micromol/min/mg protein, respectively, for amphipods. The results suggest that enhanced CarbE activity is one of the mechanisms that provide AzMe resistance in H. curvispina, Simulium spp., and C. pomonella populations from the insecticide-treated areas.


Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry | 2015

Acute toxicity of arsenic and oxidative stress responses in the embryonic development of the common South American toad Rhinella arenarum

Mariana Mardirosian; Cecilia Inés Lascano; Ana Ferrari; Guillermina A. Bongiovanni; Andrés Venturino

Arsenic (As), a natural element of ecological relevance, is found in natural water sources throughout Argentina in concentrations between 0.01 mg/L and 15 mg/L. The autochthonous toad Rhinella arenarum was selected to study the acute toxicity of As and the biochemical responses elicited by the exposure to As in water during its embryonic development. The median lethal concentration (LC50) value averaged 24.3 mg/L As and remained constant along the embryonic development. However, As toxicity drastically decreased when embryos were exposed from heartbeat-stage on day 4 of development, suggesting the onset of detoxification mechanisms. Given the environmental concentrations of As in Argentina, there is a probability of exceeding lethal levels at 1% of sites. Arsenic at sublethal concentrations caused a significant decrease in the total antioxidant potential but generated an increase in endogenous glutathione (GSH) content and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity. This protective response might prevent a deeper decline in the antioxidant system and further oxidative damage. Alternatively, it might be linked to As conjugation with GSH for its excretion. The authors conclude that toad embryos are more sensitive to As during early developmental stages and that relatively high concentrations of this toxic element are required to elicit mortality, but oxidative stress may be an adverse effect at sublethal concentrations.


Proceedings of International Academic Conferences | 2016

Tissue plant culture as a novel industrial strategy to produce biopharmaceuticals from endangered plants

Julieta Echeverri Del Sarto; María Celeste Gallia; Ana Ferrari; Guillermina A. Bongiovanni

Global natural antioxidants market is anticipated to grow on account of its increasing demand in food & beverages, cosmetics, pharmaceutical and animal feed. In this regard, we found high content of flavonoids and antioxidant activity (including antioxidant oligoelements) in the seeds of Araucaria araucana (pinones). However, bulk production of these antioxidants is ecologically non-viable since A. araucana is assessed as endangered species with increased extinction risk based in part by an extensive human harvesting of edible pinones. In this context, plant cell culture represents a useful production alternative to direct extraction of valuable secondary metabolites because: (a) a stable and uniform year-round supply of seed tissues or cells is guaranteed since biomass can be continuously produced in vitro, independent of seasonal variations, (b) selected compounds can be produced under controlled conditions, and moreover, (c) industrial production can be achieved while preserving the species. On the other hand, healthy plants can be easy obtained by micropropagation and then, the new plants can be acclimated to replant degraded areas of logged forest. At present, tissue and cell cultures from leaves and seeds, as well as plants, had been obtained in vitro from A. araucana and other native species. Furthermore, data of optimum conditions for in vitro production of antioxidants are being collected. The aim of these experiments is determine the varieties more adequate for the sustainable bio-based production of natural antioxidants by eco-efficient bio-processes and renewable bioresources.


Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology | 2007

Effects of carbaryl and azinphos methyl on juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) detoxifying enzymes

Ana Ferrari; Andrés Venturino; Ana M. Pechen de D’Angelo


Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology | 2004

Different susceptibility of two aquatic vertebrates (Oncorhynchus mykiss and Bufo arenarum) to azinphos methyl and carbaryl.

Ana Ferrari; Olga Liliana Anguiano; Jimena Soleño; Andrés Venturino; Ana M. Pechen de D'Angelo


Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology | 2007

Muscular and brain cholinesterase sensitivities to azinphos methyl and carbaryl in the juvenile rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss

Ana Ferrari; Andrés Venturino; Ana M. Pechen de D'Angelo


Archive | 2015

LA EDUCACIÓN DE ESTUDIANTES DE ESCUELAS RURALES Y AGROTÉCNICAS Y LA CAPACITACIÓN DE AGRICULTORES: UNA CUESTIÓN CLAVE PARA REDUCIR LA EXPOSICIÓN Y LA INTOXICACIÓN CON PLAGUICIDAS EN LA REGIÓN DE LA PATAGONIA NORTE

Walter Copes; Ana Ferrari; Miguel A. Quadri; Mariana Mardirosian; Cecili I Lascano; Olga Liliana Anguiano

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Andrés Venturino

National University of Comahue

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Cecilia Inés Lascano

National Scientific and Technical Research Council

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Ana M. Pechen de D’Angelo

National Scientific and Technical Research Council

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Olga Liliana Anguiano

National University of Comahue

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Jimena Soleño

National Scientific and Technical Research Council

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Verónica Sotomayor

National Scientific and Technical Research Council

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Cristina Mónica Montagna

National Scientific and Technical Research Council

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Guillermina A. Bongiovanni

National Scientific and Technical Research Council

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Mariana Mardirosian

National Scientific and Technical Research Council

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