Ana Karine Macedo Teixeira

Análise dos fatores de risco ou de proteção para fluorose dentária em crianças de 6 a 8 anos em Fortaleza, Brasil

OBJETIVO: Investigar os fatores de risco ou de protecao para a fluorose dentaria na denticao permanente de criancas de 6 a 8 anos em um bairro no Municipio de Fortaleza, Brasil. METODOS: Este estudo de caso-controle incluiu 67 criancas com fluorose nos incisivos superiores e inferiores permanentes erupcionados, conforme o indice de Dean, e 57 controles. A presenca de fluorose foi determinada como variavel dependente. Os dados acerca das variaveis independentes foram obtidos atraves de entrevistas com os pais das criancas. O teste exato de Fisher foi utilizado para verificar a existencia de associacao entre fluorose e as variaveis independentes. Foi calculada a razao de chances (odds ratio, OR) para verificar a associacao e a probabilidade de fluorose no grupo-caso, ambos com significância de 95%. RESULTADOS: Houve associacao significativa da fluorose com tipo de moradia (propria, alugada ou ocupada), mas nao com fonte de agua para consumo ou uso de dentifricios fluoretados e suplementos de fluor. Na analise univariada, o risco de fluorose foi maior em criancas que iniciaram o consumo de leite em po reconstituido com agua antes dos 2 anos de idade (OR = 4,53; IC95%: 1,07 a 26,74) e nas que nao mamaram (OR = 6,66; IC95%: 1,61 a 38,62). Na analise multivariada, somente a amamentacao apresentou associacao com a fluorose (4,54; IC95%: 1,21 a 16,66). CONCLUSOES: A amamentacao se configurou como fator de protecao contra a fluorose. E preciso estabelecer criterios de classificacao mais especificos para permitir a investigacao de relacoes entre fluorose e classe socioeconomica

Agreement between parents and adolescents on dental fluorosis: a population-based study.

This study evaluated the prevalence and severity of dental fluorosis and compared the reports from adolescents aged 12 to 18 years with those of their parents regarding the perceptions and concerns arising from this disease. The study was conducted in the cities of Viçosa and Sobral and the District of Rafael Arruda (Sobral), Ceará. A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2010 to March 2011, with 891 students examined and 780 parents or guardians interviewed. Dental fluorosis was measured using the Deans Index, and the Childs and Parents Questionnaire about Teeth Appearance was used to assess the reports from parents and adolescents. A chi-squared test for trends was used to compare the opinions of parents and adolescents about fluorosis, and the agreement was measured using the weighted kappa. For the dichotomous variables, we used the unweighted kappa coefficient. The prevalence of fluorosis was 29.7%, but in the District of Rafael Arruda, evidence of very mild and mild fluorosis was found in 32.5% of the subjects, and moderate and severe fluorosis was found in 28.7%. There was poor agreement between the data reported by the adolescents and their parents or guardians regarding areas of concern and their perceived satisfaction with the appearance and color of their teeth. The prevalence of dental fluorosis was high in one of the communities studied, but the clinical diagnosis of this condition should not necessarily equate with concern and dissatisfaction with aesthetic appearances among teenagers and their parents.

Saúde bucal em indivíduos com hanseníase no município de Sobral, Ceará

OBJETIVO:avaliar a condicao de saude bucal de pacientes com hanseniase no municipio de Sobral, estado do Ceara, Brasil.METODOS:estudo transversal, contemplando levantamento epidemiologico da saude bucal e entrevista com 65 pacientes portadores de hanseniase; as variaveis pesquisadas foram (i) condicoes de saude bucal, (ii) dados socioeconomicos, (iii) utilizacao de servicos odontologicos e (iv) percepcao da relacao entre doenca e saude bucal.RESULTADOS:a maioria dos pacientes (n=47) possuia baixa escolaridade e nao foi orientada a procurar o servico odontologico no momento do diagnostico da doenca (n=44); 10 responderam sentir alguma dificuldade na escovacao bucal, devida a dormencia nos membros superiores; verificou-se associacao significativa entre episodios reacionais e sangramento gengival (p=0,010), classificacao operatoria (p=0,001) e procura do servico odontologico (p=0,001).CONCLUSAO:o acompanhamento odontologico dos pacientes com hanseniase e importante para reduzir os focos de infeccao da doenca.

Iniquidades na assistência odontológica ao longo do curso de vida de jovens: um estudo de coorte

The scope of this study was to investigate dental care from the life course perspective and its determinant factors among young people in the city of Sobral, State of Ceará, Brazil. A cohort study was conducted with waves in 2000, 2006 and 2012 with 482 young people aged between 17 and 21 years. Two outcomes were investigated: immediate dental care and the lack of dental care, based on the dental trajectory in relation to restorative treatment. Socioeconomic conditions and recourse to oral health services and actions in the three waves investigated were used as independent variables. It was found that low socioeconomic status throughout life presented itself as a risk factor for lack of dental care and the inverse effect was observed with immediate dental care. Participation in groups of teenagers was also related to dental care, as well as receiving information on oral health. This study revealed the presence of inequalities in dental care throughout the life course of the population assessed.

Evaluation of the level of knowledge about Aids and syphilis among the elderly from a city in the interior of the state of Ceará, Brazil

Resumo O proposito deste trabalho foi avaliar o conhecimento de idosos acerca da sifilis e Aids antes e apos a realizacao de acoes educativas. Foram selecionados 55 idosos que participavam de grupo de conveniencia no territorio dos Terrenos Novos, em Sobral - CE. Para a coleta dos dados, utilizou-se um questionario semiestruturado sobre HIV/Aids e sifilis, incluindo caracteristicas gerais e informacoes sobre conceito, transmissao, prevencao, vulnerabilidade e tratamento. O questionario foi aplicado antes e apos a realizacao de oficinas educativas sobre Aids e sifilis. Dentre os investigados, 96,4%, tinham conhecimento sobre Aids e 67,3% desconheciam a sifilis. Entretanto, 38,1% acreditavam que beijo na boca e 78,1% que picada de mosquito eram meios de transmissao do HIV. Desconheciam a forma de transmissao da sifilis 70,9%. Apos as oficinas os indices alteraram positivamente. A analise dos dados revelou lacunas no conhecimento deste grupo quanto ao conceito, transmissao e tratamento dessas doencas. As intervencoes educativas mostraram-se eficazes para a assimilacao de conhecimento.

Factors associated with malocclusion in youth in a municipality of Northeastern Brazil

The aim of the study was to identify factors associated with severe malocclusion in young people in Sobral, Ceará, Northeastern Brazil. This is cross-sectional study nested in a cohort study with a sample of 569 young people aged from 17 - 21 years who participated in the survey on oral health. The rate of categorized dental aesthetics of Dental Aesthetic Index < 31 and Dental Aesthetic Index ≥ 31 was used. The independent variables were: data from the beginning of the cohort (socioeconomic conditions in childhood and exposure factors) and the last survey (sociodemographic data, use of dental services and self-perceived oral health). Poisson regression was performed to determine the best explanatory model of related factors. The prevalence of severe malocclusion was 20.0%. Private school was a protective factor, while the use of a pacifier for more than 36 months was a risk factor. Malocclusion was associated with all measures of self-perception and dental trauma. Socioeconomic factors in childhood stimulated prolonged use of harmful habits and these were risks for the components of Dental Aesthetic Index factors. Socioeconomic conditions were associated with occlusal condition of the youth.

Factors related to the dental caries incidence in youth: a cohort study in Brazilian Northeastern

The conceptual model of the life course considers that health-disease is a dynamic process that is also affected by previous and current lifelong experiences. The aim of the study was to investigate the incidence of caries and its determinants in young people in Sobral-Ceará, Brazil. This was a cohort study of oral health started in 2000, with waves in 2006 and 2012. 482 young people aged 17-21 years were examined and interviewed. The incidence of caries between 2006 and 2012 was the outcome analyzed and the independent variables were socioeconomic conditions and use of oral health actions and services. The average incidence of caries was 2.95 teeth from the adolescence to the youth. It was found that social deprivation throughout life and deny access to the dentist during infancy implies a greater incidence of caries in youth, therefore, the use of services and oral health actions during the adolescence and youth have not been sufficient to reduce inequities in oral health.