Ana Rey Cao

Las imágenes en los libros de texto de Educación Física de la ESO: modelos corporales y actividad física

This article presents an analysis of the content of the photographs published in physical education textbooks for students of compulsory secondary education. The importance of studying textbook pictures lies in their great capacity to convey ideas and feelings from one person to other and the fact that the pictures are presented in textbooks, material that is very important in the education system. This iconography can act as a control mechanism, because it promotes the non-reflective acceptance of thoughts and perpetuates stereotypes without questioning their validity. Some reflection on the realities depicted by these pictures is therefore needed. Application of a category system developed ad hoc enabled the messages concealed or hidden in physical education textbooks to be revealed or disclosed. The sample handled in the project consisted of 242 photographs belonging to two different publishers. The SPSS 14.0 statistical package was used for information processing. Oneand two-variable descriptive analysis was performed, and Pearson’s chi-square test was requested. The results showed a clear inequality between the presence of male and female figures and a difference in the physical activities assigned to men and women. What little depiction there was of different racial groups was biased. Sports received preferential treatment, and adapted physical activities hardly appeared at all.

Calidad de vida percibida por las personas mayores: consecuencias de un programa de estimulación cognitiva a través de la motricidad "Memoria en movimiento"

INTRODUCTION This article presents the results of evaluation of health related quality of life in a group of elderly people who were engaged in the program of cognitive stimulation «Memory in movement». MATERIALS AND METHODS A content analysis was conducted to determine the type of experience that the subjects stated in the context of an interview. The statements were classified into categories created ad hoc. The sample consisted of 32 participants with a mean age of 69.92±4.98years. The software QSR NVivo-8 was used for data processing. RESULTS The results show that the 48% of the elderly perceive some improvements in their memorisation abilities, 47% in attention and concentration, and 10% in the satisfaction with life after being in the program. They are especially worried about the loss of memory -stated by the 65.62%- and they came to the cognitive stimulation program with the aim of improving this capacity. The feelings that participants reported having experienced during the program have to do with fun, vitality and energy. CONCLUSIONS Programs on cognitive stimulation that incorporate some physical activities, together with a clear playful and social component, improve the psychic and social capacities and they open an important line of intervention due to their good acceptance by the elderly.

Motor-Cognitive Stimulation of the Elderly

This article shows the cognitive and motor-perceptive effects of the application of a cognitive stimulating program through motor function on 234 elderly people. The assessment was carried out prior to and after the program. Significant improvements in the experimental group were observed (p ≤ .05) in six of the eight measurements. The control group achieved significant improvements (p ≤ .05) in two of the measurements and significant deterioration in motor memory.